衬垫材料冲击特性测量数据的精度验证

本文提出了在冲击状态下对衬垫材料特性进行测量时，所获实验数据的精度验证方法，根据测量原理，作者首先进行了精度验证公式的推导，据以定义了精度验证因子。然后利用所获验证公式对实验测量数据进行了定量计算，并与验证因子的理论值加以对比。对比结果表明：作者在衬垫材料冲击特性的实验研究中所获测量数据具有足够的精度。本文所提出的精度验证方法亦可用于其它场合。     

Experimental research of air-throttling ignition for a scramjet at Ma 6.5

An experimental investigation on ignition characteristics with air-throttling in an ethylene-fueled scramjet under flight Ma 6.5 conditions was conducted.The dynamic process of air-throttling ignition was explored systematically.The influences of throttling parameters,i.e.,throttling mass rate and duration,were investigated.When the throttling mass rate was 45% of the inflow mass rate,ambient ethylene could be ignited reliably.The delay time from ignition to throttling was about 45–55 ms.There was a threshold of throttling duration under a certain throttling mass rate.It was shorter than 100 ms when the throttling mass rate was 45%.While a 45%throttling mass rate would make the shock train propagate upstream to the isolator entry in about10–15 ms,four lower throttling mass rates were tested,including 30%,25%,20%,and 10%.All of these throttling mass rates could ignite ethylene.However,combustion performances varied with them.A higher throttling mass rate made more ethylene combust and produced higher wall pressure.Through these experiments,some aspects of the relationships between ignition,flame stabilization,combustion efficiency,and air-throttling parameters were brought to light.These results could also be a benchmark for CFD validation.     

固体火箭发动机冲击响应分析中改进的Wilson－θ法

在Ｗｉｌｓｏｎ－θ法基础上引入参数γ,提出了修正的振动平衡方程和初始条件表达式。研究了新方法和稳定性和γ系数的取值范围,并以某些导弹的发动机壳体为算例和实验对象,验证了新方法的正确性在抑制超调现象方面有效性。     

激波串与进气道肩部分离泡相互作用

针对高超声速进气道激波串与肩部分离泡相互作用时的流动振荡问题,在来流马赫数为6的激波风洞中,采用高速纹影拍摄结合壁面动态压力测量,研究了有/无抽吸情况下激波串与肩部分离泡的相互作用过程。结果表明：当激波串前移至肩部附近时,有抽吸进气道也会产生大尺度的分离泡,进而有/无抽吸进气道内的激波串均会与肩部分离泡形成耦合振荡,并造成严重的脉动压力。在激波串的推动下,分离泡能够自由地越过肩部凸拐角,使得其自身的低频振荡特性能够显现。激波串内的压力波动会显著改变分离泡的形态,而分离泡形态的变化又会影响激波串内的压力,两者相互耦合从而维持这种低频振荡。无抽吸进气道具有相同的低频耦合振荡特性;而抽吸缝阻碍了上下游的信息传递,使得有抽吸进气道的分离泡低频振荡显著,而激波串振荡具有一定的宽频特性。经分离激波振荡范围和进气道入口速度无量纲后,有/无抽吸进气道低频耦合振荡的St均处于0.011～0.021,与经典分离泡的低频振荡特性相当。     

Reverse shock acceleration of electrons and protons at mid-heliolatitudes from 5.3-3.8 AU

We examine the intensity, anisotropy and energy spectrum of 480–966 keV protons and 38–315 keV electrons observed by the HI-SCALE instrument on Ulysses associated with Corotating Interaction Regions (CIR) from mid-1992 to early 1994. The particle events are most clearly ordered by the reverse shocks bounding the CIRs. The bulk of the ion fluxes appear either straddling, or with their maximum intensity following, the reverse shock. The electron intensities rise sharply to their maximum upon the passage of the reverse shock, and are delayed with respect to the protons. We believe that following acceleration at the reverse shock the electrons re-enter the inner heliosphere and mirror, to return to the reverse shock for repeated acceleration. This process is more effective for electrons (vc/2) than for ions, and also favours the higher velocity electrons, which accounts for the observed spectral hardening with latitude.