舰船空气尾流场特性研究

舰船空气尾流场是舰载直升机在非航空型舰船上起降或者在这类舰船附近作业时的主要环境条件，是危及舰载直升机飞行安全的主要因素之一。现以机－舰动态干扰为研究目的。通过各种试验结果的相互比较，验证，综合分析了舰船空气尾流场特性。着重研究了尾流场中涡流区的及变化规律，下洗速度的大小、下洗范围及变化规律，为机－舰动态配合的试验提供了可靠的依据，另外，还结合飞行实践简要地分析了直升机进入尾流场后的反应。     

船舶齿轮箱振动测试分析及优化研究

齿轮箱是船舶动力传动系统的主要振源之一，为了研究船舶齿轮箱振动性能及优化措施，进而实现船舶的低噪声化，以本单位自主研发的船用齿轮箱为例，通过台架试验和振动频谱分析结合的方法分析齿轮箱振动的主要影响因素，对振动性能关键影响因素进行优化改进。本文结合振动频谱分析结果对齿轮箱从齿轮修形设计和液压供油系统改进两个方面进行了优化，并对采取优化措施后的齿轮箱进行振动试验验证和振动频谱分析。结果表明：齿轮修形和液压供油系统改进两项优化措施可以切实有效的改善齿轮箱的振动性能。在文中的齿轮箱案例中，齿轮修形后齿轮啮合频率处振动峰值下降40.2%，总振级下降1.85dB，进一步采取液压供油系统改进措施后，齿轮箱总振级下降9.99dB。齿轮修形和液压供油系统改进对船用齿轮箱振动性能提升具有工程应用价值。     

金属基复合材料的高速超塑性

介绍了近几年国内外金属基复合材料(MMCs)高速超塑性的研究现状，包括拉伸超塑性、压缩超塑性。综述了各种基体和增强体复合材料的制备方法、获得高速超塑性的条件及高速超塑变形的特点。对于高速超塑性的变形机制，尤其是颗粒增强金属基复合材料的拉伸超塑变形机制进行了详细阐述。最后提出了MMCs高速超塑性存在的问题和今后研究的重点。     

飞机薄壁件批量铆接过程的模拟方法研究

机身壁板和机翼壁板是飞机装配过程中典型薄壁件,具有壁薄、弱刚性、曲率变化大等特点,在部装和总装阶段暴露出不同程度的铆接变形问题,且目前无法准确预测或消除.本文从铆接工艺和有限元模型两个方面,建立了面向飞机薄壁件批量铆接过程的有限元仿真简化模型,提出了基于接力计算原理,以MATLAB为二次开发平台,大型有限元软件包ABAQUS为核心求解器的批量铆接过程模拟方法,实现对铆接过程变形情况的分析与预测.通过试验验证该方法的有效性和可行性,为飞机薄壁件铆接变形的控制提供有效的理论支撑.     

A deformation model of flexible,HAMR objects for accurate propagation under perturbations and the self-shadowing effects

A new type of space debris in near geosynchronous orbit (GEO) was recently discovered and later identified as exhibiting unique characteristics associated with high area-to-mass ratio (HAMR) objects, such as high rotation rates and high reflection properties. Observations have shown that this debris type is very sensitive to environmental disturbances, particularly solar radiation pressure, due to the fact that its motion depends on the actual effective area, orientation of that effective area, reflection properties and the area-to-mass ratio of the object is not stable over time. Previous investigations have modelled this type of debris as rigid bodies (constant area-to-mass ratios) or discrete deformed body; however, these simplifications will lead to inaccurate long term orbital predictions. This paper proposes a simple yet reliable model of a thin, deformable membrane based on multibody dynamics. The membrane is modelled as a series of flat plates, connected through joints, representing the flexibility of the membrane itself. The mass of the membrane, albeit low, is taken into account through lump masses at the joints. The attitude and orbital motion of this flexible membrane model is then propagated near GEO to predict its orbital evolution under the perturbations of solar radiation pressure, Earth’s gravity field (J₂), third body gravitational fields (the Sun and Moon) and self-shadowing. These results are then compared to those obtained for two rigid body models (cannonball and flat rigid plate). In addition, Monte Carlo simulations of the flexible model by varying initial attitude and deformation angle (different shape) are investigated and compared with the two rigid models (cannonball and flat rigid plate) over a period of 100?days. The numerical results demonstrate that cannonball and rigid flat plate are not appropriate to capture the true dynamical evolution of these objects, at the cost of increased computational time.     

柔性薄壁结构电子束焊接的变形控制

基于电子束焊接方法,探讨了功率分出轴柔性薄壁结构真空电子束焊接过程中的变形控制方法,提出了综合应用最小焊接热输入、减小焊接重叠角度和合理焊接装配及散热相结合的变形控制方法,有效地控制了焊接变形,实现了电子束焊接柔性薄壁结构的制造。     

船载多目标模拟器的构建与应用

船载统一S频段（USB）测控系统是我国航天测控网的重要组成部分,承担着一箭单星或一箭多星的海上测控任务。从航天测量船执行多目标测控任务的特点出发,分析了测量船船载飞行目标模拟器的现状以及对多目标模拟器的需求。提出了在船载USB联试应答机的基础上,通过改造应答机的部分模块,构成多目标模拟器的方法,并成功地在某次实战任务中得到了应用。     

Development of microstructural inhomogeneity in multi-pass flow forming of TA15 alloy cylindrical parts

Revealing the development of microstructural inhomogeneity in the multi-pass flow forming of titanium alloy components is of great significance to the microstructure control and property tailoring. To this end, the microstructural inhomogeneity of TA15 alloy spun cylindrical parts was analyzed based on the deformation history. The results indicate that the material underwent significant compressive strain in the normal direction (ND), tension strain in the rolling and circumferential directions (RD and CD), while tension strain in the CD is slightly small due to the limited material flow in this direction. These strain characteristics make the microstructure, especially the primary α (α_p), present different morphologies in the different planes of the part. Meanwhile, the combined effects of inhomogeneous deformation and temperature distribution in the ND also cause the inhomogeneity of microstructure morphology and parameters in this direction. Quantitative analyses show that with the forming pass increasing, the aspect ratio of α_p increases most in the normal-rolling plane, then in the normal-circumferential plane and least in the circumferential-rolling plane, whereas α_p content decreases in an opposite trend. Along the ND, the aspect ratio and content of α_p is relatively high in the outer and inner surface areas but lowest in the central area, and these inhomogeneous characteristics can be gradually diminished with the forming pass increasing. Furthermore, the variation of hardness inhomogeneity factor indicates that a four-pass forming with the total reduction ratio of 63% could obtain a homogenous microstructure along the ND of the TA15 alloy spun cylindrical part.     

可逆固体氧化物燃料电池性能的数值模拟研究

可逆固体氧化物燃料电池(rSOFC)可正向工作放电和反向工作电解。船舶排放污染和化石资源枯竭的问题使rSOFC在船舶动力推进上的运用具有较好的前景。本论文利用流体力学理论描述rSOFC多物理输运过程、水气反应（WGS）和电化学反应,并采用Ansys/ Fluent建立了二维单通道rSOFC的数值模型以研究合成气为燃料的rSOFC电极厚度和气体组分等因素对电流密度、WGS反应速率和燃料利用率等性能的影响。结果表明,电极的厚度和气体组分等参数对rSOFC宏观性能有较大影响;WGS在rSOFC反应过程中起着重要作用;在双模式运行下,C/H元素比的增大会改善电流密度和电化学反应的不均匀分布。本研究对理解rSOFC可逆运行工况的性能以及在船舶推进系统的应用有着重要的意义。     

船体变形对航天测量船外弹道测量的影响

简要介绍了航天测量船船体变形测量系统的基本构成、测量原理和测量元素,分析了变形测量数据的基本特性,给出了船载外测数据船体变形修正的方法和计算公式;重点考察研究了船体变形数据对航天测量船外测数据和外测定轨的影响。