Selective laser melting of Al–8.5Fe–1.3V–1.7Si alloy: Investigation on the resultant microstructure and hardness

This article presents the microstructure and hardness variation of an Al–8.5Fe–1.3V–1.7Si(wt%, FVS0812) alloy after selective laser melting(SLM) modification. Three zones were distinguished across the melting pool of the SLM-processed FVS0812 alloy: the laser melted zone(LMZ), the melting pool border, and the heat affected zone(HAZ) in the previously deposited area around the melting pool. Inside the LMZ, either an extremely fine cellular-dendritic structure or a mixture zone of the a-Al matrix and nanoscale Al_(12)(Fe,V)_3Si particles appeared. With a decreased laser beam scanning speed, the cellular-dendritic structure zone within the LMZ shrank significantly while the mixture zone expanded. The a-Al and Al_(12)(Fe,V)_3Si mixture zone was also observed in the HAZ, but another phase, submicron h-Al_(13)Fe_4 particles with rectangular or hexagonal shapes,formed along the melting pool border. Microhardness tests indicated that the hardness of the SLM-processed FVS0812 samples far exceeded that of the as-cast FVS0812 alloy.     

An Investigation into Vertical Bias Effects

ABSTRACT

In three experiments, after exploring a virtual environment (VE), adult participants made spatial judgments about the location of target objects that were higher and lower than their perceived test location within the VE. In Experiment 1, the locations of the target objects were inferred from verbal instructions. The main results were a tendency to judge objects as closer to the horizontal plane than their true locations, and more efficient downward than upward judgments. Both effects generally accord with findings reported by Wilson et al. (2004a Wilson, P. N., Foreman, N., Stanton, D. and Duffy, H. 2004a. Memory for targets in a multilevel simulated environment: Evidence for vertical asymmetry in spatial memory. Memory & Cognition, 32: 283–297. [Crossref] , [Google Scholar], 2004b Wilson, P. N., Foreman, N., Stanton, D. and Duffy, H. 2004b. Memory for targets in a multi-level simulated-environment: A comparison between able-bodied and physically disabled children. British Journal of Psychology, 95: 325–338.  [Google Scholar]). In Experiments 2 and 3, which were closely modeled on the design of the Wilson et al. studies, regression to the horizontal plane was noted but no downward bias was observed. A misperception in the viewing height between the floors and ceilings of the virtual rooms was apparent in both experiments. The results from the present study together with earlier investigations suggest different hierarchical encoding of between-axis and within-axis information.     

聚氨酯改性环氧树脂形状记忆材料

以甲基四氢邻苯二甲酸酐(METHPA)为固化剂,利用自制的聚氨酯预聚体(PU)改性环氧树脂(TDE-85)制备形状记忆聚合物。研究了形状记忆环氧树脂的力学性能、Tg和形状记忆性能。研究表明,形状记忆环氧树脂的韧性得到明显的提高,Tg得到了相应的下降,形状记忆性能良好,形状回复率皆在96%以上,形状固定率约达100%。     

Environmental reference systems for large-scale spaces

Human navigation in well-known environments is guided by stored memory representations of spatial information. In three experiments (N = 43) we investigated the role of different spatial reference systems when accessing information about familiar objects at different locations in the city in which the participants lived. Our results indicate that two independent reference systems underly the retrieval of spatial knowledge. Environmental characteristics, e.g., the streets at an intersection, determine which headings are easier to imagine at a given location and lead to differences in accessibility of spatial information (orientation-specific behavior). In addition, access to spatial information depends on the relative direction of a location with respect to the imagined heading, such that information about locations imagined in front of oneself is easier to access than about locations towards the back. This influence of an egocentric reference system was found for environmental knowledge as well as map-based knowledge. In light of these reference system effects, position-dependent models of spatial memory for large-scale environments are discussed. To account for the simultaneous effect of an environmental and an egocentric reference system, we present a 2-level model of spatial memory access.     

美国标准机载计算机AN／AYK14分析及应用研究

系统地介绍了美国海军标准机载计算机AN／AYK-14的系统结构与组成，重点讨论了AN／AYK-14的发展历程和改进情况，揭示了美国标准机载计算机向开放式结构发展的方向，最后对AN／AYK-14的应用情况进行了简介。     

A systematic spatial bias in remembering eye positions

Categorical bias in location memory in geometric spaces is well established. The present study assessed the presence of the bias in locating eyes in images of human faces. Participants were presented with digital faces and indicated the position of one of the eyes in both upright and inverted orientations. Biases resulted from participants using multiple sources of accessible information. No differences were found for upright vs. inverted face images. Overall, the data were consistent with the retrieval category adjustment model. These distortions may be considered within the forensic context, when eyewitnesses work with a sketch artist or use a computer program to generate an image of the culprit.     

Al-4.5％Cu合金的过冷及凝固组织特征

对Ａｌ－４．５％Ｃｕ合金在纯石黑坩埚中用卤盐熔剂净化后的过冷度及其在金属锭模中的凝固组织特征进行了研究。实验结果发现：粘度较大的半固态熔剂对合金的净化作用较强,可使合金在金属锭模中得到６２℃的形核过冷度;金属熔体净化得到的热力学过冷度对合金形核及最终宏观组织的影响明显不同于激冷得到的动力学过冷度对其所产生的影响,在一定过冷度下,晶粒尺寸随热力学过冷度的增大而增大     

SMA 智能复合构件控制裂纹的数值与试验研究

将ＴｉＮｉ形状记忆合金（ＳＭＡ）薄带复合于基体材料内部,利用形状记忆合金的特性,可以控制构件裂纹的扩展。本文介绍了智能复合构件控制裂纹的机理,并利用拟温度载荷法,直接应用现有有限元程序对控制裂纹的ＳＭＡ智能复合构件进行了计算与分析,同时还进行了激光云纹干涉法试验测试。计算和试验结果表明智能复合构件中的记忆合金薄带对构件裂纹有显著的控制效果,同时计算和试验结果的一致性也表明本文的分析方法是可行的。     

等离子体处理对非晶态合金镀层表面改性研究

通过微波等离子体处理方法对Ni-W、Ni-W-B非晶态合金镀层表面进行改性的研究,测量了表面改性对非晶态镀层耐蚀性、表面成分及结构的影响.结果表明,经过微波等离子体处理过的Ni-W、Ni-W-B非晶态合金镀层,提高了在H₂SO₄、HNO₃溶液中的耐蚀性以及在700℃环境下的抗氧化性能;微波等离子体处理过的非晶态合金镀层表面含W量和含O量相对提高了;镀层结构仍然是非晶态.