Spatial Reorientation: Effects of Verbal and Spatial Shadowing

ABSTRACT

Spatially disoriented adults flexibly conjoin geometric information (macroscopic shape) and nongeometric information (e.g., the color of a wall) to re-establish their bearings. It has been proposed that non-geometric information is incorporated into a geometric frame of reference through the use of spatial language. Support for this assumption comes from dual-task studies in which participants failed to use non-geometric features when they shadowed a verbal message concurrent to the reorientation task. These studies were performed in small rectangular spaces. In contrast, our study was performed in a large square room. Experiment 1 showed that verbal shadowing did not disrupt non-geometric feature use in this environment. In Experiment 2, we found that a spatial shadowing task that required the encoding of frequently changing spatial directions impaired reorientation behavior. Our study shows that nongeometric information can be used for reorientation without recourse to linguistic processes, and suggests that the use of non-geometric features is dependent upon a spatial coding process.     

Combining Locations from Working Memory and Long-Term Memory into a Common Spatial Image

Abstract

This research uses a novel integration paradigm to investigate whether target locations read in from long-term memory (LTM) differ from perceptually encoded inputs in spatial working-memory (SWM) with respect to systematic spatial error and/or noise, and whether SWM can simultaneously encompass both of these sources. Our results provide evidence for a composite representation of space in SWM derived from both perception and LTM, albeit with a loss in spatial precision of locations retrieved from LTM. More generally, the data support the concept of a spatial image in working memory and extend its potential sources to representations retrieved from LTM.     

C++Builder语言的虚拟设备驱动程序VxD的开发

本文介绍了虚拟设备驱动程序的基本概念和用C Builder开发VxD程序的方法，并以在证券业务屏中普遍采用内存映射卡为例进行简略说明。     

IMPROVEMENTS IN MECHANICALPROPERTIES OF SINGLECRYSTAL SUPERALLOY NASAIR 100

ＩＭＰＲＯＶＥＭＥＮＴＳＩＮＭＥＣＨＡＮＩＣＡＬＰＲＯＰＥＲＴＩＥＳＯＦＳＩＮＧＬＥＣＲＹＳＴＡＬＳＵＰＥＲＡＬＬＯＹＮＡＳＡＩＲ１００ＧｕｏＸｉｐｉｎｇ；ＳｈｉＺｈｅｎｇｘｉｎｇ；ＦｕＨｅｎｇｚｈｉ（ＤｅｐａｒｔｍｅｎｔｏｆＭａｌｅｒｉａｌｓＳｃｉ...     

Shape preserving topology optimization for structural radar cross section control

The purpose of this paper is to present a shape preserving topology optimization method to prevent the adverse effects of the mechanical deformation on the Radar Cross Section(RCS).The optimization will suppress the variation of RCS on the perfect conductor surface by structural design. On the one hand, the physical optics method is utilized to calculate the structural RCS,which is based on the surface displacement field obtained from the finite element analysis of the structure. The correspondi...     

组合结构屈曲稳定性优化设计与灵敏度分析

本文研究了组合结构屈曲稳定性优化设计及灵敏度分析数值方法，讨论了屈曲临界荷载灵敏度对应力场和载荷的依赖关系、及其在尺寸和形状变量中的不同计算方法，将屈曲优化与静力和动力优化联合执行，在ＪＩＦＥＸ软件中实现以解决复杂的结构优化问题。算例表明了优化方法在结构稳定性设计中的应用，验证了算法和程序的有效性。     

一种采用衰减记忆滤波的环月航天器自主导航方法研究

针对环绕月球运行的深卒探测航天器提出了一种新的自主导航方案，该方案是以两个环月航天器之间的相对位置矢量信息作为量测量，结合轨道动力学方程，对航天器的轨道自主估计确定，方案中考虑了符合实际的复杂摄动影响，并对描述动力学特性的数学模型与噪声的统计模型不准确而导致的滤波发散问题，提出利用一种经过衰减记忆改进的平方根非线性滤波（SRUKF）算法进行解决。对所提方案做了大量的计算机仿真，同时洋尽的分析和比较了由于衰减因子及采样周期变化所带来的影响。从仿真结果上看，衰减记忆滤波处理能够很好得抑制非线性状态转移条件下的滤波发散趋势。     

超高速撞击弹丸形状效应数值模拟研究

为保证在轨航天器的安全运行，微流星体和空间碎片的防护成为现有航天器，特别是长寿命、大尺寸航天器设计时必须考虑的问题。本文采用AUTODYN软件进行了不同形状弹丸超高速撞击whipple防护结构的数值模拟，对不同形状弹丸撞击Whipple防护结构的撞击极限曲线进行了比较，分析了各形状弹丸撞击防护屏后形成的碎片云状态，以及分析了各撞击极限曲线之间差异的原因。不同形状弹丸对Whiple防护结构的损伤能力有很大差异，弹丸破碎和碎片云分散程度随弹丸速度、长径比和撞击方向的改变而改变。     

Fe—Mn—Si—Cr—Ni形状记忆合金的研究

利用电子显微镜对Ｆｅ－１５Ｍｎ－５．５Ｓｉ－１２Ｃｒ－７Ｎｉ（质量分数）形状记忆合金的物理本质进行了研究。结果表明：该合金的记忆效应是靠应力诱发ε－马氏体相变及其逆转变而产生的。ε－马氏体是在应力诱发下由奥氏体基体（１１１）γ面层错处形核产生的。通过热处理和训练处理后，该合金的记忆效应明显提高。     

塑性变形提高形状记忆合金相变滞后机制的探讨

形状记忆合金经适当温度下的塑性变形可以有效地提高马氏体的稳定性,从而使相变滞后得以大幅度提高.本文根据马氏体相变热力学和动力学,并结合相关的实验结果,研究了弹性应变能弛豫和相变滞后的关系.结果表明,塑性变形产生的位错以及变形的第二相颗粒对逆马氏体相变温度的提高具有一定作用,但塑性变形导致应变能释放才是形变提高形状记忆合金相变滞后的主导因素.