Influence of Low Load Truncation Level on Crack Growth for Al 2324-T39 and Al 7050-T7451

Tests with middle-crack tension (M(T)) specimens made of Al 2324-T39 and Al 7050-T7451 are conducted to investigate the influence of low load truncation level on fatigue crack growth. The six different truncated spectra are obtained by removing the small cycles of which amplitudes are less than the specified percentages of the maximum amplitude in the basic flight-by-flight loading spectrum and the remainder of the spectrum is untouched. The tests indicate that the mean level of fatigue crack growth life (FCGL) increases as the load truncation level is enhanced. Considering both the time saving and the influence on FCGL, there is an applicable choice (i.e. spectrum S2 or spectrum S3 in this investigation) for full scale fatigue test. The scatter of FCGL becomes much larger than that under the basic spectrum when the load truncation level is increased to a specified high level, mainly due to the occurrence of crack slanting and branching under the high level truncated loading spectra.     

高强合金与钛合金的电偶腐蚀行为

采用电偶腐蚀实验方法、扫描电镜和能谱方法等研究了高强合金与钛合金异接电偶腐蚀行为.从不同材料、不同成分对电偶腐蚀的影响,研究了电偶腐蚀的规律及电偶对偶接的可能性.同时比较了铝合金和高强度钢与钛合金电偶腐蚀行为的差异,探讨了自腐蚀电位差与电偶电流密度的关系.实验表明,铝合金LY12、铝合金LC4、高强度钢30CrMnSiA均不能与TC2钛合金偶接,高强度钢1Cr17Ni2则可以与TC2偶接,且电偶电流密度随自腐蚀电位差增大而增大.      

Ti基钎料在TiAl基合金表面上润湿性的研究

采用真空钎焊的方法,分别在910℃和1 000℃对37.5Ti- 37.5Zr-15Cu-10Ni 钎料在TiAl基合金表面上的润湿性进行研究,结果证明钎焊温度越高,该钎料的润湿性越好.分析表明在高温下该Ti基钎料润湿性的改善不仅仅与表面张力的降低有关,而且还与钎料和母材之间的反应密切相关.      

低电压(10V)下镁合金表面电化学氧化膜层

基于高电压下氧化成膜有可能对镁合金基材机械性能造成损伤.研究了在以硅酸钠为主要成分的电解液中,施加10~110V交流电压对AZ91D镁合金表面进行电化学氧化的成膜过程.探讨了氧化电压、氧化时间等对膜层性能的影响规律,并且对所获得氧化膜层进行了微观分析.结果表明:在10V电压下氧化就能获得与70~110V电压下耐腐蚀性相当的氧化膜层;而且在10V交流电压下获得的氧化膜层形成过程为颗粒状形式-连接成块状-完整的膜层-交错叠式生长等4个阶段.     

基于幅相量化的DRFM技术

综合幅度量化和相位量化数字射频存储器(DRFM)的性能,提出了一种基于幅相量化的数字储频系统.给出了系统的原理及特点,并对基于幅相量化的DRFM及其调相和调频干扰等进行了仿真.结果表明:与幅度量化和相位量化DRFM相比,幅相量化DRFM在保证高保真度的同时,可大幅减少数据存储量,且有干扰时的相位调制较简单.     

Three dimensional spatial memory and learning in real and virtual environments

Human orientation and spatial cognition partlydepends on our ability to remember sets ofvisual landmarks and imagine their relationshipto us from a different viewpoint. We normallymake large body rotations only about a singleaxis which is aligned with gravity. However,astronauts who try to recognize environmentsrotated in 3 dimensions report that theirterrestrial ability to imagine the relativeorientation of remembered landmarks does noteasily generalize. The ability of humansubjects to learn to mentally rotate a simplearray of six objects around them was studied in1-G laboratory experiments. Subjects weretested in a cubic chamber (n = 73) and aequivalent virtual environment (n = 24),analogous to the interior of a space stationnode module. A picture of an object waspresented at the center of each wall. Subjectshad to memorize the spatial relationships amongthe six objects and learn to predict thedirection to a specific object if their bodywere in a specified 3D orientation. Percentcorrect learning curves and response times weremeasured. Most subjects achieved high accuracyfrom a given viewpoint within 20 trials,regardless of roll orientation, and learned asecond view direction with equal or greaterease. Performance of the subject group thatused a head mounted display/head tracker wasqualitatively similar to that of the secondgroup tested in a physical node simulator. Body position with respect to gravity had asignificant but minor effect on performance ofeach group, suggesting that results may alsoapply to weightless situations. A correlationwas found between task performance measures andconventional paper-and-pencil tests of fieldindependence and 2&3 dimensional figurerotation ability.     

Sm(CobalFe0.1Cu0.1Zr0.04)z(z=6.5~7.5)磁体的高温磁性能

 在大功率航空发电机等领域,迫切需要研制使用温度超过450 ℃的高温永磁材料。然而,NdFeB永磁材料使用温度低于80 ℃,耐高温NdFeB永磁材料的使用温度也低于150 ℃;商业2∶17型Sm₂Co₁₇永磁体使用温度范围低于300 ℃。近年来,研制使用温度超过450 ℃的高温永磁材料成为该领域研究的热点问题。本文用粉末冶金的方法,制备了不同z值的Sm(Co_balFe_0.1Cu_0.1Zr_0.04)_z(z=6.5~7.5)合金样品。系统研究了z值对合金结构、磁性能的影响规律。室温下z=7.3的合金矫顽力最大,超过2 400 kA/m;773 K时,z=7.1的合金矫顽力最大,达到640 kA/m。高温条件下合金的磁性能和退磁曲线的方形度降低。合金z值对内禀矫顽力温度系数影响显著,其中z=6.9的合金,内禀矫顽力温度系数最低,仅为-0.052%/℃,z≤6.7或z≥7.1时,均导致内禀矫顽力温度系数增大。     

TiNi形状记忆合金的线性回复性能及其热处理改性

本文提出了形状记忆合金线性回复行为的新概念，并对线性回复性能指标进行了具体定义。通过测试TiNi形状记忆合金弹簧的热回复曲线，研究了经过不同热处理工艺TiNi形状记忆合金的线性回复特性。结果表明：通过适当的热处理工艺手段，可以显著改善TiN形状记忆合金的线性回复性能，最佳的热处理工艺为550％空冷，它将线性回复程度PL从56％提高至92％；线性回复率η从54％提高到83％；线性温度范围TW从4℃拓宽为6℃。     

构件隐性损伤的磁记忆检测方法研究

构件的隐性损伤是影响其可靠性的重要因素，但因为没有形成明显的物理不连续而难以得到及时的检测。本文研究了采用金属磁记忆检测技术检测构件的隐性损伤的机理。通过试验发现，金属磁记忆检测技术可以较好地检测构件的隐性损伤，实现损伤的早期诊断。构件中存在隐性损伤的区域的导磁性能发生变化．这一变化可以通过磁场参数的相应改变而显示。与其他无损检测方法相比，该方法可以更早地发现损伤区域，检测过程速度更快，并且不需要对构件的表面作更多的处理，如清洗，除渣等。金属磁记忆检测信号易受环境的影响，文中提出了减少干扰的初始磁化方法，并分析了不同栽荷作用过程对金属磁记忆检测信号的影响。     

飞机结构搭接件腐蚀试验研究

分析了导致海军飞机结构腐蚀的主要因素,基于飞机地面停放环境谱,对航空LY12CZ铝合金等多种材料搭接试验件进行了5,10,15,20,30等多个当量年限的加速腐蚀试验及修复后加速腐蚀试验及海洋环境下的暴露试验,利用显微镜对试件表面涂层、金属基体材料腐蚀情况进行观察和测量,根据腐蚀评价指标对试验件腐蚀状况进行了分析比较,...