How Navigational Aids Impair Spatial Memory: Evidence for Divided Attention

Abstract

Research has demonstrated navigational aids impair spatial memory, but has not considered important spatial cognitive concepts. For example, impairment may stem from spatial perspective switches between route-based aids and survey-based memory assessments. Further, the verbal format of aid instructions may selectively interfere with verbal working memory (VWM). To address these potential explanations, participants navigated desktop virtual environments in a goal-directed manner. In each within-participants condition, participants either navigated with a verbal or tonal aid that presented mixed spatial perspective instructions or without aid. Both aids yielded slight navigational advantages and steep spatial memory costs despite their mixed perspective instructions. The equivalent impairment between information formats suggests navigational aids impair spatial memory by dividing attention rather than selective interference of VWM.     

一种节省存储资源的Turbo码译码算法

针对Turbo码译码过程需要占用大量存储资源的问题，在Max—Log-MAP算法的基础上介绍了一种节省存储资源的译码方法^[1]。通过逆运算在反向递推计算后向路径度量的过程中同时计算部分前向路径度量，节省了近50％前向路径度量的存储资源；通过使用一种性能良好的线性运算代替查表法求得Jacobian（雅可比）对数函数，避免了查找表资源的使用。在避免路径度量溢出进行的归一化操作中，采用了一种有效的方案，进一步节省了计算资源。实验表明，文章方法在有效节省存储资源的同时保证了良好的译码性能。     

Evidence for Amodal Representations after Bimodal Learning: Integration of Haptic-Visual Layouts into a Common Spatial Image

Abstract

Participants learned circular layouts of six objects presented haptically or visually, then indicated the direction from a start target to an end target of the same or different modality (intramodal versus intermodal). When objects from the two modalities were learned separately, superior performance for intramodal trials indicated a cost of switching between modalities. When a bimodal layout intermixing modalities was learned, intra- and intermodal trials did not differ reliably. These findings indicate that a spatial image, independent of input modality, can be formed when inputs are spatially and temporally congruent, but not when modalities are temporally segregated in learning.     

引用形定义与图像控件菜单交互标注形位公差

实现形位公差交互标注的方法有多种，但基本上都是用ＡｕｔｏＬＩＳＰ语言和菜单文件结合编程实现的，本文介绍的方法是在ＡｕｔｏＣＡＤ１４．０中，用引形定义与图像控件菜单交互标注形位公差。     

一种运动估计的数据复用技术

利用硬件,尤其是集成电路来快速实现块匹配运动估计是现在运动图像处理研究的重点之一,而受到目前具体存储器带宽的限制,许多快速算法均无法实现。因此,如何降低对外部存储器带宽的需求直接影响到块匹配的硬件实现,本文首先分析了块匹配运动估计对存储器带宽的需求和数据读取的特点,并据此提出了一种数据复用技术。以少量本地片上存储器为代价大大降低了对外部存储器的带宽需求,利用普通的SDRAM即可快速实现高清晰图像的块匹配运动估计算法,并利用FPGA和普通SDRAM实现了整个运动估计算法。     

Monitoring Object Orientation: Effects of Layout Complexity,Viewpoint Changes,and Object Function

Spatial short-term memory for single target positions is subject to distortions which depend on the spatial layout of visual landmarks. Here, participants had to reproduce the positions of briefly presented targets in the context of three-landmark configurations presented in various orientations. Symmetry properties of distortional patterns were determined by the intrinsic reference system of the landmark configuration as well as by the environment-or body-centered vertical axis. Symmetry was best about the cardinal axes of the landmark system irrespective of their orientation, but symmetry of non-cardinal axes was enhanced when these axes were aligned with the extrinsic vertical. Results are inconsistent with most current models of spatial memory distortions but in line with models explaining distortions in terms of attentional processes in topographical neuronal networks.     

改善贮箱Y形环焊缝应力水平的优化设计

针对某贮箱Y形环与筒段间焊缝处内外侧应力差过大问题,通过参数优化和形状优化的协同优化策略,利用Isight多学科优化平台集成有限元分析软件ABAQUS搭建了优化流程,得到的最终优化结果可以有效地改善Y形环和筒段焊缝处的应力水平,提高贮箱的承载能力.另外,优化得到的结果与传统设计不同,这也为工程师解决同类问题提供了新的思路.     

Analytic estimation and numerical modeling of actively cooled thermal protection systems with nickel alloys

Actively cooled thermal protection system has great influence on the engine of a hypersonic vehicle, and it is significant to obtain the thermal and stress distribution in the system. So an analytic estimation and numerical modeling are performed in this paper to investigate the behavior of an actively cooled thermal protection system. The analytic estimation is based on the electric analogy method and finite element analysis（FEA） is applied to the numerical simulation. Temperature and stress distributions are obtained for the actively cooled channel walls with three kinds of nickel alloys with or with no thermal barrier coating（TBC）. The temperature of the channel wall with coating has no obvious difference from the one with no coating, but the stress with coating on the channel wall is much smaller than that with no coating. Inconel X-750 has the best characteristics among the three Ni-based materials due to its higher thermal conductivity, lower elasticity module and greater allowable stress. Analytic estimation and numerical modeling results are compared with each other and a reasonable agreement is obtained.     

航天用铝合金/ 焊丝焊接性研究

针对2A14、2219、2195、2A97、1460铝合金,通过焊接热模拟试验、焊接裂纹敏感性试验和拉伸试验,建立了材料脆性温度区间大小和焊接性的关系及焊丝主成分和焊接性的关系。结果表明,试验合金焊接性从好到差的排列顺序为2219、2A14、1460、2195、2A97。其中2A14、2219铝合金现用焊丝可以满足推进剂贮箱用铝合金焊接性要求。脆性温度区间较小时,焊接性良好,随脆性温度区间增加,焊接性变差;采用满足主成分含量之和为6%的焊丝焊接时,若抗裂性满足要求,则接头延伸率满足要求。