Ground and satellite-based observations of ionospheric plasma bubbles and blobs at 5.65° latitude in the Brazilian sector

This investigation uses simultaneous observations from all-sky imager system and an ionosonde collocated at Araguatins (5.65° S, 48.07° W and dip-latitude of 4.17° S), a near-equatorial region in Brazil. These simultaneous observations were used to investigate the occurrence of plasma bubbles and blobs in the field of the imaging system and their association with atypical range Spread-F signature in ionograms. Also, in-situ observation of plasma density from Swarm satellites were used to support the ground-based observations. Using a few cases, a methodology will be established to identify in the plasma blobs (atypical ESF) in the ionograms when there is the simultaneous observation of plasma bubbles and blobs in the field of view of the ionosonde. For this purpose, simultaneous sequence of OI 630.0 nm nightglow images and ionograms are presented for different case studies; 1. when there is the absence of a plasma bubble or blob, 2. when there is only the occurrence of plasma bubbles and 3. when there is the occurrence of plasma bubbles and blobs, in order to compare traces in the ionogram in all these case studies. With these we can cover all kinds of signatures in the ionograms corresponding to no irregularities, plasma bubbles only and plasma bubbles-blobs. These OI 630.0 nm nightglow and ionograms recorded simultaneously make it possible to establish a novel methodology to recognize in ionograms cases when there is the occurrence of Spread-F signature associated with bubble-blob in the FOV of the ionosonde.     

气泡稳定性问题

在一维球对称解的基础上,研究了气泡表面二维扰动发展的稳定性问题。用WKB方法给出了扰动所满足的微分方程的一致有效渐近解,描绘了不同区域中扰动发展的行为。缝合相应的渐近展开,得到了在坍缩和膨胀阶段中扰动发展的整体解,讨论了扰动发展的完整的图象。对有关结果进行推广,讨论了流体的粘性和可压缩性对气泡稳定性的影响。     

激波和边界层相互作用区域局部烧蚀的理论计算方法

激波和边界层相互作用区域的局部烧蚀计算是极为复杂的非定常湍流分离流动条件下的烧蚀分析问题，本文将这一复杂的物理化学和气体动力学过程简化为二维前向台阶分离区的准定常烧蚀问题来处理，将偏微分的控制方程组简化为超越代数方程组，提供了一个有一定精度的理论分析方法，理论计算结果与实验数据相当吻合。     

Secondary instability of separated shear layers

The process through which a laminar flow undergoes transition to turbulence is of great fundamental and practical interest. Such a process is hugely complex as there are many diverse routes for a laminar flow to become turbulent flow. The transition process is usually initiated by flow instabilities—a primary instability stage followed by a secondary instability stage. This forms a rational framework for the early stage of a transition process and it is crucially important to understand the physics of instabilities leading to turbulence. This article reviews the results of studies on secondary instability of separated shear layers in separation bubbles and summaries the current status of our understanding in this area.     

3-D NUMERICAL SIMULATION OF UNDERWATER EXPLOSION BUBBLE

３－ＤＮＵＭＥＲＩＣＡＬＳＩＭＵＬＡＴＩＯＮＯＦＵＮＤＥＲＷＡＴＥＲＥＸＰＬＯＳＩＯＮＢＵＢＢＬＥＬｕＣｈｕａｎｊｉｎｇ（ＳｈａｎｇｈａｉＪｉａｏＴｏｎｇＵｎｉｖｅｒｓｉｔｙ，Ｓｈａｎｇｈａｉ，Ｃｈｉｎａ，２０００３０）Ａｂｓｔｒａｃｔ：Ｔｈｅｐｒｏ...     

燃烧油滴内部蒸发的气泡周期性暴涨/碎裂

利用高速显微摄像技术捕捉到航空煤油RP-3挂滴的燃烧现象——微气泡周期性暴涨/破碎现象。环境温度为973K时,在直径为1.25mm的燃烧油滴内,捕捉到了微气泡的急剧暴涨和瞬间碎裂现象。即:①在0.04s内,微气泡直径增长41.6%;②在0.01s内,暴涨的气泡在油滴内破碎,激发油滴急剧振荡;③油滴恢复相对稳定的蒸发燃烧,内部残留的微气泡,启动第2轮暴涨/破碎;④经过3轮暴涨/破碎,油滴燃烧殆尽。因而得出:被高温加热的石英丝挂钩在油滴内部诱发的快速蒸发效应,是微气泡周期性暴涨/碎裂的驱动力,而表面张力则是油滴恢复并保持稳定燃烧的约束机制。      

Space Weather in the Equatorial Ionosphere

The ‘scintillations’ observed on signals received in the equatorial region from GPS satellites are due to plasma instabilities in the F region of the ionosphere, also detected as spread F. These instabilities give rise to depletions of ionisation or ‘bubbles’. The occurrence of these events and their relation to the equatorial electrojet are reviewed. Possibilities of short-term forecasting are examined with particular attention to problems encountered in modelling the equatorial electrojet. This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

对当前跨音风扇气动设计体系中损失系数和堵塞系数的关联分析

现有设计体系中对于损失系数主要是由实验和经验来确定。通流气动设计需计入叶片槽道内的附面层堵塞,反映附面层堵塞影响的堵塞系数也是依经验给定。本文对多台风扇设计进行分析后,发现现有的设计体系中损失系数和附面层堵塞系数之间彼此孤立,且不够协调,而事实上,两者是紧密相关的,体现在物理上就是损失和开式分离流之间的关系。本文在分析现有设计体系模型的基础上,提出了一个新的工程模型,把两者关联了起来,并给出了算例分析,且从算例结果中可以看到现有设计体系中单转子效率远大于级效率的原因之一。      

稀疏泡状流中变形气泡的三维图像测量技术

研究气泡变形对于分析泡状流中气泡的受力和运动具有重要意义.设计了一种可确定稀疏泡状流中气泡空间坐标与变形参数的图像测量技术:原始图像经预处理和增强后,结合形态学方法识别出变形气泡投影的闭合轮廓.改进了分水岭方法对气泡投影进行分割,并用对称直线法确定投影中心改进Hough变换,得到椭球气泡模型的投影椭圆参数.提出了一种由两幅投影轮廓重构三维气泡模型的算法并分析了实验误差.该技术可较准确地测得气泡空间坐标和变形参数:投影椭圆的参数误差小于3个像素,气泡识别误差小于15%.