电容层析成像系统传感器敏感特性分析及比较

电容层析成像传感器的敏感场受多相流介质分布的影响，软场特性给图像重建带来很大困难，为了提高重建图像质量，对敏感场分布进行分析是非常必要的。现以8电极油水两相流电容层析成像系统为研究对象，采用有限元仿真的方法，通过用三角形和四边形两种不同剖分形式对电容敏感场的分析和比较、计算机仿真及实验分析，结果表明利用不等间距的剖分形式可以得到较好的仿真结果，具有较高的精度。     

火工作动装置设计参数的敏感性分析

文章用内弹道理论建立火工作动装置的性能仿真模型，并对输出性能进行预计和分析，找出了影响输出性能的主要设计参数，并提出膨胀比的概念，用来快速判断设计的优劣。     

Optimization on conventional and electric air-cycle refrigeration systems of aircraft: A short-cut method and analysis

The air-cycle refrigeration system is widely used in commercial and military aircraft, and its efficiency greatly affects aircraft performance. Nowadays, this system requires a more efficient design and optimization method. In this paper, a short-cut optimization method with high efficiency and effectiveness is introduced for both conventional and electric air-cycle refrigeration systems. Based on the system characteristics, a four-layer parameter matching algorithm is designed which avoids computational difficulty caused by simultaneous equations. Fuel penalty is chosen as the objective function of optimization; design variables are reduced based on sensitivity analysis to improve optimization efficiency. The results show that the 3-variable optimization of the conventional air-cycle refrigeration system can obtain almost the same results as the traditional 6-variable optimization in that these two optimizations can both significantly reduce the fuel penalty. However, the computer running time of the 3-variable optimization is much shorter than that of the 6-variable optimization. The optimal fuel penalty of the electric air-cycle refrigeration system is lower than that of the conventional one. This study can provide reference for optimizing the air-cycle refrigeration system of aircraft.     

Boundary condition modelling and identification for cantilever-like structures using natural frequencies

The actual boundary conditions of cantilever-like structures might be non-ideally clamped in engineering practice, and they can also vary with time due to damage or aging. Precise modelling of boundary conditions, in which both the boundary stiffness and the boundary mass should be modelled correctly, might be one of the most significant aspects in dynamic analysis and testing for such structures. However, only the boundary stiffness was considered in the most existing methods. In this paper, a boundary condition modelling and identification method for cantilever-like structures is proposed to precisely model both the boundary stiffness and the boundary mass using sensitivity analysis of natural frequencies. The boundary conditions of a cantilever-like structure can be parameterized by constant mass, constant rotational inertia,constant translational stiffness, and constant rotational stiffness. The relationship between natural frequencies and boundary parameters is deduced according to the vibration equation for the lateral vibration of a non-uniform beam. Then, an iterative identification formulation is established using the sensitivity analysis of natural frequencies with respect to the boundary parameters. The regularization technique is also used to solve the potential ill-posed problem in the identification procedure.Numerical simulations and experiments are performed to validate the feasibility and accuracy of the proposed method. Results show that the proposed method can be utilized to precisely model the boundary parameters of a cantilever-like structure.     

TC18钛合金增材制造材料超声检测特征的试验研究

针对TC18激光、电子束增材制造钛合金及变形钛合金3种不同制造工艺的材料开展超声检测特征试验研究。结果表明,TC18钛合金增材制造材料不同成形方向的超声波声速、材料衰减及检测灵敏度均存在较大差异,与变形钛合金相比具有明显的方向性。本研究结果对于增材制造制件的超声检测方法研究具有重要参考价值。     

基于多学科参数化建模和灵敏度分析的飞行器分级优化设计方法

提出一种将飞行器参数化建模、灵敏度分析与气动/隐身综合优化设计相结合的方法.该方法的流程为:(1)建立面向多学科设计的参数化模型,提取分级参数;(2)对分级参数进行灵敏度分析,筛选设计变量;(3)基于分级优化流程,应用多目标优化算法进行飞行器气动/隐身综合优化设计.以一个四尾翼布局飞行器气动/隐身综合优化设计为例,阐述流程的实现过程,结果表明这种方法具有如下优点:(1)多学科参数化建模为气动和隐身性能分析提供统一的参数化模型;(2)使用灵敏度分析工具对分级设计参数进行筛选,精简优化设计任务;(3)基于分级参数和灵敏度分析进行分级优化设计,优化适应值提高56.1%,耗时减少57.02%.     

基于比例风险模型的可靠性灵敏度分析

为了定量描述产品可靠性随环境因素的动态变化,研究了环境因素对可靠性的影响,提出了一种基于比例风险模型的可靠性灵敏度分析方法。首先利用比例风险模型描述产品可靠性水平与环境因素的定量影响关系。结合试验数据选取基准环境协变量,对比例风险模型进行变换,并利用广义线性模型给出了可靠性模型参数的极大似然估计。进而给出了产品关于不同环境因素的可靠性灵敏度,用于度量可靠性对环境因素的灵敏性。结合实例表明该方法综合利用了不同环境条件下的试验数据,提高了可靠性灵敏度分析精度,可用于分析产品可靠性关于环境因素的动态变化特征。     

提高微波辐射计灵敏度研究的综述

介绍影响微波辐射计灵敏度的两个主要因素 :系统增益和本机噪声。围绕这两个影响因素 ,介绍提高辐射测量灵敏度所采取的两种方法 :电的或人工的方法以及软件处理的方法。最后讨论微波辐射计灵敏度研究中存在的问题 ,并指出其今后的发展方向     

压缩式压电传感器轴向灵敏度的幅值线性度问题

本文了压电传感器的结构原理,说明了压电传感器幅值灵敏度的线性问题,分析了正反向灵敏度的差异和“饱和现象”,以便在生产、鉴定与使用时加以注意。