二维燃油泵的设计与研究

提出一种新型的二维燃油泵,说明了其诸多优点。为研究其结构性流量脉动,利用仿真软件AMESIM建立了二维燃油泵的仿真模型进行理论研究,并进行了实验验证。通过齿轮泵与轴向柱塞泵的对比,说明了轴向柱塞泵在燃油系统应用中的优势。针对轴向柱塞泵中存在的一些不可避免的缺陷,提出了能避免这些缺陷的二维燃油泵。通过解释二维燃油泵的结构组成与工作原理,说明了二维燃油泵的优势,包括结构力平衡、工作效率高、无直接的滑动摩擦副和无结构性流量脉动等。为了解释无结构性流量脉动这一优点,进行了仿真分析与实验验证,验证了二维燃油泵具有无结构性流量脉动这一潜力。     

焊接位姿参数定义的讨论及典型工件的建模

讨论了弧焊机器人焊接位姿参数的定义。焊接位姿包括焊缝位置和焊枪姿态,可以用焊缝倾角、焊缝转角、焊枪工作角和焊枪行走角四个参数来表征。对这四个焊接位姿参数的内涵进一步完善和修改,使其更适合于弧焊机器人焊接的实际需要,更通俗易懂。针对典型的马鞍形焊缝进行数学建模,并利用MATLAB软件计算焊接位姿参数。     

高阻塞比肋化通道对流换热特性实验研究

为了降低涡轮叶片温度以保证其安全性,采用实验方法对高阻塞比肋化通道内流动换热特性进行了测量。针对顺排和叉排两种肋化通道考察了多个主要影响因素对换热特性的影响规律,研究表明:(1)对于高阻塞比肋化通道,当流体在层流区域流动时,肋片对流体在通道内部对流换热的强化作用要明显高于湍流状态;(2)无论是顺排还是叉排肋化通道,当肋间距比为10时,其对应着最大的对流换热系数和最大的流阻损失;(3)在实验几何参数范围内,顺排肋化通道的对流换热系数和流阻系数均高于叉排通道;(4)在高阻塞比肋化通道中,流阻特性的变化规律和流动状态的转变规律基本与水力光滑通道相同。     

Study on Friction Torque Loading with an Electro-hydraulic Load Simulator

This article, in order to precisely impose friction on aircraft and weapon actuation systems, presents a new friction loading method characteristic of “torque-zero velocity” switching control with an electro-hydraulic load simulator. As the general Stribeck friction model has little related to static friction, it proposes a “torque-zero velocity” switcher, in which a zero-velocity controller is developed to load the static friction and a torque controller the kinetic friction. With the help of mathematical modeling, this article designs a “torque-zero velocity” switching controller and, correspondingly, provides a “dual-threshold judgment” algorithm. Simulation results indicate that the proposed method can be successfully used to carry out the static and kinetic friction simulation with an electro-hydraulic load simulator.     

Ti-17线性摩擦焊摩擦功率、界面温度及剪切强度之间的关系

在自制的XMH-160型线性摩擦焊机上,利用先期试验优化的规范参数进行了Ti-17焊接试验,检测了焊接过程摩擦功率及界面温度的变化曲线,并根据功率曲线计算获得了摩擦界面金属剪切强度的变化曲线.分析了上述三条曲线的变化特点及相互对应关系,并结合线性摩擦焊过程摩擦界面金属的热物理性能变化及热力耦合过程,初步探讨了Ti-17线性摩擦焊焊接接头的形成机理.     

吹吸扰动对壁湍流边界层摩擦阻力的影响

对风洞中平板湍流边界层施加局部周期性吹吸扰动,并用IFA-300热线风速仪测量了其近壁区域不同法向位置瞬时速度的时间序列信号.利用湍流边界层对数律平均速度剖面,计算湍流的壁面摩擦阻力.对平板湍流脉动速度信号用子波分析进行多尺度分解,通过条件采样以及相位平均的方法获得不同尺度下的相干结构波形和能量分布,来研究吹吸扰动对平板湍流边界层的摩擦阻力的影响.结果表明,扰动使得窄缝附近流动阻力增加,而下游区域流动阻力减小.      

磁控溅射DLC/SiC/Ti多层膜对镁合金摩擦磨损性能的影响

采用室温磁控溅射技术在镁合金(AZ91D)表面制备DLC/SiC/Ti(类金刚石/碳化硅/钛)多层膜(SiC,Ti为中间层),研究了薄膜的纳米压痕行为和膜基系统的摩擦磨损性能.试验结果表明:DLC薄膜具有低的纳米硬度(4.01GPa)和低的弹性模量(40.53GPa),但具有高的硬弹比(0.10);膜基系统具有好的摩擦磨损性能;在以氮化硅球为对磨件的室温干摩擦条件下摩擦系数平均约为0.19,与镁合金相比,磨损速率低了约三个数量级,膜基系统经3.5h磨损后,未出现裂纹和剥落,显著改善了镁合金的抗磨损性能.     

三种热喷涂工艺制备NiCr/Cr_3C_2-BaF_2·CaF_2涂层的结构与性能

采用大气等离子喷涂、爆炸喷涂和超音速火焰喷涂三种热喷涂技术制备了NiCr／Cr3C2-BaF2·CaF2涂层,分析比较了涂层的显微组织、物相组成、孔隙率、硬度、结合强度及其摩擦学性能。结果表明,与大气等离子喷涂相比,超音速火焰喷涂和爆炸喷涂技术制备的涂层具有更高的致密度、硬度和结合强度。采用包覆法制备的粉末进行喷涂,碳化物失碳明显减少,涂层中氧化物含量低。三种NiCr／Cr3C2-BaF2·CaF2热喷涂涂层的摩擦系数都随着温度的升高而减小,爆炸喷涂和超音速火焰喷涂涂层的摩擦系数比等离子喷涂涂层的摩擦系数更低,耐磨性得到提高。高温下BaF2·CaF2润滑膜的形成均可有效降低三种涂层的摩擦系数,从而降低涂层和对磨球Si3N4的磨损率。     

Repair Welding of Casting Magnesium Alloys： A Review

Magnesium (Mg) alloys have broad application prospects in the fields of aerospace, national defense, and military industries, owing to their advantages of high specific strength and stiffness, good damping properties, and excellent castabilities. However, defects such as oxidation inclusions, shrinkage cavities and porosities, and hot cracks are readily generated in Mg alloy components, which seriously reduce the performance stability of the products. Related repair welding technologies for Mg alloys can greatly reduce the rejection rate and production cost, and exhibit significant value in scientific research and engineering application. In this review, the weldability of Mg alloys is introduced firstly according to their physical and chemical properties. Then, various repair welding technologies and pre-weld treatments applicable to Mg alloys are systematically summarized, and the effects of welding parameters as well as heat treatments on the microstructure and performance of the repaired joints are clarified. Finally, the existing problems and development trends of repair welding technologies for Mg alloys are summarized based on the actual engineering application requirements.     

航空发动机机匣电子束焊接变形模拟分析与优化

为了对焊接变形进行预测与控制,建立了焊接接头的弹塑性有限元模型,并对电子束热源模型进行了校核,获得了接头焊接位置的塑性应变区域大小;建立了风扇叶片机匣3D壳单元有限元模型,并采用固有应变法对机匣焊接变形进行了模拟计算,获取了焊接过程的变形分布,通过实测机匣变形量并与仿真结果进行对标,验证了模型的准确性;通过对风扇叶片机...