Investigation of diurnal variations of cosmic ray fluxes measured with using ASEC and NMDB monitors

A study of daily variations of secondary Cosmic Rays (CR) is performed using data on charged and neutral CR fluxes. Particle detectors of Aragats Space-Environmental Center (ASEC), Space Environmental Viewing and Analysis Network (SEVAN) and neutron monitors of the Neutron Monitor Database (NMDB) are used. ASEC detectors continuously register various species of secondary CR with different threshold energies and incident angles. NMDB joins data of 12 Eurasian neutron monitors. Data at the beginning of the 24th solar activity cycle are used to avoid biases due to solar transient events and to establish a benchmark for the monitoring of solar activity in the new started solar cycle.     

流体式高超声速可调进气道流动机理及工作特性分析

针对基于二次流控制的定几何高超声速可调进气道设计概念,给出了其具体的流道实现方案,而后通过全流道仿真分析,检验了该可调进气道在马赫数4~6范围内的可实现性,获得了其工作特性,并对弯曲激波后的总压损失特性、二次流的能量获取及消耗机制等流动机理进行了专门分析。结果表明：该流体式可调进气道能够依靠自身高压驱动二次流来实现对口部波系的调节,使进气道在低马赫数下的流量系数相对于常规定几何高超声速进气道提高24%以上,总压恢复提高7%左右,且最大二次流消耗量只占了进气道捕获流量的1.6%左右。另外,虽然弯曲激波的波后总压和马赫数分布表现出了一定的不均匀性,但是其平均总压恢复系数与相同倾角平面激波相比下降不大。二次流循环流动所消耗的机械能由外部外流剪切力做功补充,而二次流注入会使当地边界层的速度型变得瘦弱,形状因子增大。     

Effects of different carbon dioxide and LED lighting levels on the anti-oxidative capabilities of Gynura bicolor DC

Gynura bicolor DC is not only an edible plant but also a kind of traditional Chinese herbal medicine. G. bicolor DC grown in controlled environmental chambers under 3 CO₂ concentrations [450 (ambient), 1500 (elevated), 8000 (super-elevated) μmol mol⁻¹] and 3 LED lighting conditions [white (WL), 85% red + 15% blue (RB15), 70% red + 30% blue (RB30) ] were investigated to reveal plausible antioxidant anabolic responses to CO₂ enrichment and LED light quality. Under ambient and elevated CO₂ levels, blue light increasing from 15% to 30% was conducive to the accumulation of anthocyanins and total flavonoids, and the antioxidant activity of extract was also increased, but plant biomass was decreased. These results demonstrated that the reinforcement of blue light could induce more antioxidant of secondary metabolites, but depress the effective growth of G. bicolor DC under ambient and elevated CO₂ levels. In addition, compared with the ambient and elevated CO₂ levels, the increased anthocyanins, total flavonoids contents and antioxidant enzyme activities of G. bicolor DC under super-elevated CO₂ level could serve as important components of antioxidative defense mechanism against CO₂ stress. Hence, G. bicolor DC might have higher tolerance to CO₂ stress.     

固体火箭发动机气动喉部的推力调控特性

为了研究固体火箭发动机气动喉部推力调节的一般规律,利用氮气作为介质对气动喉部喷管进行了冷流实验研究。研究了该种喷管的扼流性能,二次流嘴的面积、个数对其扼流性能的影响以及空腔容积与喷管压强调节时间的关系。掌握了气动喉部喷管的有效喉部面积随流量比变化的一般规律。结果表明,二次流与主流流量比越大,气动喉部面积越小。小的面积比具有更高的扼流性能,而当流量比大于0.4时,面积比对扼流性能无明显影响。空腔体积越小压强调节时间越短。     

Global dynamics of high area-to-mass ratios GEO space debris by means of the MEGNO indicator

In this paper we provide an extensive analysis of the global dynamics of high-area-to-mass ratios geosynchronous (GEO) space debris, applying a recent technique developed by Cincotta and Simó [Cincotta, P.M., Simó, C.Simple tools to study global dynamics in non-axisymmetric galactic potentials–I. Astron. Astrophys. (147), 205–228, 2000.], Mean Exponential Growth factor of Nearby Orbits (MEGNO), which provides an efficient tool to investigate both regular and chaotic components of the phase space.     

上端壁翘曲对涡轮叶栅流场的影响

利用N－S方程求解程序，对采用不同端壁结构的三套大转角涡轮叶栅进行了数值模拟，探讨了上端壁翘曲对涡轮叶栅内气流流动的影响。计算结果表明,上端壁翘曲后，上半翼殿内的二次流流场发生了明显的变化，非轴对称端壁是控制叶栅内二次流流动的一种有效的方法。     

射流控制反推力装置流场数值研究

针对涵道比为8的涡扇发动机无阻流门叶栅式反推装置,利用CFD技术,计算分析了二次射流孔的位置、角度、孔数以及流量对反推力性能和外涵通道内流场流动特征的影响。计算结果表明:外涵流体与二次射流相互作用后,在二次射流下游产生了一个主涡和副涡,阻碍外涵气体向下游流动;射流孔位置对涡扇发动机的影响不仅体现在反推力效率,而且影响上游风扇后的气体压力不均匀度和背压;二次流射流角度对反推力性能的影响在诸多影响因素中占主导地位,存在一个最佳射流角度;二次流质量流量增加,反推力效率呈增加趋势;二次流入射孔的个数关系到相邻入射气流在周向的覆盖程度,从而影响反推效率;二次流射流位置、角度以及流量对反推性能的影响是相互耦合的,在反推力装置设计时需要综合考虑三者间的相互影响;在研究参数范围内,最佳的射流孔位置范围L=110mm~150mm,最佳射流角度α在10°~20°范围内。     

固体火箭发动机气动喉部的两相流数值模拟

本文对两相流条件下的环缝式气动喉部方案进行了数值模拟。气-粒两相流动模型采用二维轴对称欧拉-拉格朗日模型。研究了二次流不同喷射位置、角度、流率及喷嘴个数对气动喉部调节有效喉部面积大小的影响规律。模拟得到了两相流条件下气动喉部的流场特征,结果表明使二次流的喷入位置越靠近喉部、增大二次流流量或减小喷射角度都能明显增加气动喉部调节性能;由此归纳出增强气动喉部对主流扼流能力的两种主要机制,即增加挤压和流阻。     

浅析基于CAA的CATIA二次开发

概括介绍了CATIA的客户化定制工具、CAA C++二次开发及其开发环境RADE,运用CAA的CATIA二次开发技术实现了CATIA产品结构树的遍历,零部件父子装配关系的提取及零部件属性信息的提取。     

气动矢量喷管二次流对发动机性能的影响

发动机处于推力矢量的工作状态时,二次流引气和喷射均会对发动机的部件匹配和性能产生影响.将气动矢量喷管置于发动机环境下,综合考虑了从风扇/高压压气机引出二次流,及二次流在喷管扩张段与主流的掺混等过程对发动机性能的影响.基于发动机部件匹配技术及CFD技术,对二次流对发动机性能的影响进行了数值模拟.结果表明:选取风扇或高压压气机引气实现气动矢量喷管,均会使发动机性能有较大幅度的下降;在满足二次流压力需求的前提下,宜采用风扇引气作为二次流气源.