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排序方式: 共有114条查询结果,搜索用时 46 毫秒
31.
本文利用涡量-流函数法系统地研究了扇环形截面弯曲管道内的二次流动,计算结果表明了采用控制体积积分法对涡量-流函数方程进行离散来求解弯曲管道内粘性流动问题是成功的,这样可以避免对压力项的处理;对所得结果的分析揭示了该二次流动不仅受雷诺数和曲率影响,而且扇形中心角、内外径之比对该流动的影响也是显著的。 相似文献
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Physiologic and metabolic responses of wheat seedlings to elevated and super-elevated carbon dioxide
Lanfang H. Levine Hirokazu Kasahara Joachim Kopka Alexander Erban Ines Fehrl Fatma Kaplan Wei Zhao Ramon C. Littell Charles Guy Raymond Wheeler John Sager Aaron Mills Howard G. Levine 《Advances in Space Research (includes Cospar's Information Bulletin, Space Research Today)》2008
The metabolic consequence of suboptimal (400 μmol mol−1 or ppm), near-optimal (1500 ppm) and supra-optimal (10,000 ppm) atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations [CO2] was investigated in an attempt to reveal plausible underlying mechanisms for the differential physiological and developmental responses to increasing [CO2]. Both non-targeted and targeted metabolite profiling by GC–MS and LC–MS were employed to examine primary and secondary metabolites in wheat (Triticum aestivum, cv Yocoro rojo) continuously exposed to these [CO2] levels for 14, 21 and 28 days. Metabolite profile was altered by both [CO2] and physiological age. In general, plants grown under high [CO2] exhibited a metabolite profile characteristic of older plants under ambient CO2. Elevated [CO2] resulted in higher levels of phosphorylated sugar intermediates, though no clear trend in the content of reducing sugars was observed. Transient starch content was enhanced by increasing [CO2] to a much greater extent at 10,000 ppm CO2 than at 1500 ppm CO2. The percentage increase of starch content resulting from CO2 enrichment declined as plants develope. In contrast, elevated [CO2] promoted the accumulation of secondary metabolites (flavonoids) progressively to a greater extent as plants became mature. Elevated [CO2] to 1500 ppm induced a higher initial growth rate, while super-elevated [CO2] appeared to negate such initial growth promotion. However, after 4 weeks, there was no difference in vegetative growth between 1500 and 10,000 ppm CO2-grown plants, both elevated CO2 levels resulted in an overall 25% increase in biomass over the control plants. More interestingly, elevated atmospheric [CO2] reduced evapotranspiration rate (ET), but further increase to the supra-optimal level resulted in increased ET (a reversed trend), i.e. ET at 1500 ppm < ET at 10,000 ppm < ET at 400 ppm. The differential effect of elevated and super-elevated CO2 on plants was further reflected in the nitrogen dynamics. These results provide the potential metabolic basis for the differential productivity and stomatal function of plants grown under elevated and super-elevated CO2 levels. 相似文献
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Zhiyin YANG 《中国航空学报》2019,32(1)
The process through which a laminar flow undergoes transition to turbulence is of great fundamental and practical interest. Such a process is hugely complex as there are many diverse routes for a laminar flow to become turbulent flow. The transition process is usually initiated by flow instabilities—a primary instability stage followed by a secondary instability stage. This forms a rational framework for the early stage of a transition process and it is crucially important to understand the physics of instabilities leading to turbulence. This article reviews the results of studies on secondary instability of separated shear layers in separation bubbles and summaries the current status of our understanding in this area. 相似文献
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舒涛 《中国民航飞行学院学报》2012,(3):42-45
本文对预先危险分析方法作了简单介绍。重点研究了PHA在航管二次雷达站运行管理中的应用,找出了广汉机场航管二次雷达站运行管理中存在的危险源,采用定性和定量的方法从危险的后果严重程度和发生可能性两方面对风险进行了分析,提出了控制危险性的有效措施。 相似文献
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在大尺寸低速平面叶栅风洞中,对前缘上游有单排气膜孔的涡轮导向叶栅端壁气膜冷却进行了气动实验。在喷射角25°,35°和45°以及吹风比1,2,3下详细测量了叶栅通道中的三维流场,得到了全速度和二次流速度分布,并由此计算了二次流动能的大小。着重研究了喷射角对端壁气膜冷却的气动特性和对叶栅通道中特别是端壁附近的流场结构的影响。数据表明减小喷射角度可以减小通道涡的强度和尺寸,使冷气射流核心更贴近壁面,但同时也明显地增大了壁面附近的气流速度。在高吹风比下,35°喷射时射流将冷气输运到压力边的能力比25°喷射和45°喷射都要强。 相似文献
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为探究透平内部流场的非稳态特性及其演变特征,通过归纳国内外透平内部流动的试验研究,回顾了轴流透平、向心透平采用的试验方法及取得的研究进展,分析总结了试验方案与研究中存在的问题。目前,轴流式透平与平面叶栅的试验数量较多,试验的压力温度较低;向心式透平试验研究还比较少,并且试验多处于高温高压环境;随着接触式测量设备性能的大幅提升,其目前在透平非稳态试验中得到广泛应用,例如气动探针已经能够满足1×106Hz的高频采集要求;上游尾迹以及叶顶泄漏涡扰动下轴流式透平叶表附面层的转捩机制,以及向心式透平盘腔泄漏流与主流流场的非定常掺混等问题还有待进一步研究。 相似文献
39.
为了获得气流的掺混效果与引射过程总体性能的关系,研究了轴对称引射流场中圆形和环形喷管的掺混程度及其对引射比和气流抵抗反压能力的影响。以一次流动量覆盖整个横截面位置为分界截面,将引射流场中的掺混分为上游掺混和下游掺混两个过程。研究表明,气流的引射效果以及抵抗反压能力几乎不受下游掺混过程掺混程度影响,而是由分界截面的掺混程度决定。上游掺混过程决定了分界截面的掺混程度,对引射过程的引射比以及抵抗反压能力有明显影响,分界截面位置的掺混程度越高,被引射的二次流流量越大,抵抗反压能力越弱。对于RBCC发动机引射模态,引射比和抵抗反压能力指标相互矛盾,不应以引射比为唯一目标。 相似文献
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