某运载火箭三级贮箱滑行段热分析计算

为保证某火箭三级发动机二次启动的可靠性，在分析滑行段热环境的基础上，用I-DEAS TMG软件时三级贮箱内增压气体、推进剂、固壁进行气液固三相耦合热分析。建立了简化的有限元模型，并综合考虑高温喷管延伸裙、空间外热流、三级底部各部件的遮挡等因素，计算了滑行段期间不同太阳入射角工况下的温度变化。计算和分析结果表明，高温喷管的辐射是影响三级底部热环境的主要因素。该运载火箭三级各部位温度变化能满足发动机二次启动的要求。     

基于IMU辅助的高动态GPS信号捕获算法

高动态环境存在较大的多普勒频移,传统的GPS信号捕获方法捕获时间较长。为了快速捕获到信号,提出将惯性测量单元(InertialMeasurementUnit,IMU)辅助与快速傅里叶变换(FFT)相结合的快速捕获算法。该算法通过外部IMU的位置、速度辅助,预先估算高动态载体产生的多普勒频移,缩小频率搜索范围;利用二维FFT方法同时搜索码相位和多普勒频率,降低计算复杂度,加快捕获速度。仿真结果表明该算法可以显著减少捕获时间,提高捕获性能。     

CCSDS建议的再生伪码测距性能分析

CCSDS(国际空间数据系统咨询委员会)于2009年3月发布了伪码测距的蓝皮书,规定了再生伪码测距的技术要求。我国正在研制的深空应答机和深空站测控设备要求具备再生伪码测距功能,同时为了实现国际联网,伪码测距系统需满足CCSDS建议的要求。为给我国深空测控设备伪码测距系统的研制提供设计依据,通过分析伪码特性和伪码捕获跟踪方法,推导得到伪码测距的捕获性能和跟踪性能。分析得到的性能与CCSDS建议书一致,可作为我国深空应答机和深空站测控设备伪码测距系统设计的参考。     

Galileo卫星导航系统中的BOC调制与接收技术

介绍了二进制偏移副载波(BOC)调制的原理、性能及其扩频信号相关特性。在分析E5波段Galileo导航信号的接收和捕获技术的基础上,提出了改进的数字化基带处理模型和信号捕获方法。用结构仿真对基带信号处理模型和信号捕获算法进行仿真验证。仿真系统实现了标准E5波段Galileo导航信号的发生、数字化中频接收和基带信号处理,以及信号捕获。结果表明该信号处理方法能消除BOC调制扩频信号自相关函数多峰特性导致的捕获性能下降,可显著提高伪码顺序搜索速度,并大幅缩减跟踪环路的硬件规模。     

基于频域的软件接收机多普勒补偿算法

由于卫星和接收机之间存在的相对运动,在接收机使用过程中必然会引入多普勒频移。而多普勒频移将导致扩频增益发生衰减,影响捕获工作的完成,因此在捕获过程必须进行相应的补偿处理,去除多普勒频移所产生的影响。本文以时域复指数相乘等于频域偏移原理为基础,采用频域补偿算法替代时域串行搜索算法改进捕获算法,简化了计算过程,节省了频域变换处理计算量,通过实际算例证明有效可行。     

带轴对称台阶的圆锥高超声速边界层转捩试验

在Ma 6风洞内,通过高频脉动压力测试技术和基于纳米粒子示踪的平面激光散射(NPLS)技术,分别对带前向、后向轴对称台阶的圆锥高超声速边界层转捩进行了试验研究。采用功率谱密度分析和互相关计算等方法对脉动压力数据进行分析,得到了边界层中扰动波的发展规律,定量分析了第二模态波的相关参数。结果显示：两种模型中第二模态波在沿流向向下游发展的过程中,其幅值均先增大再衰减、特征频率均逐渐减小;特征频率和传播速度整体上均随雷诺数的增大而增加(后台阶模型中特征频率由100 kHz增至196 kHz,前台阶中则由 97 kHz 增至174 kHz)、波长变化规律则与之相反(后台阶中由6.35 mm降至4.54 mm,前台阶由7.35 mm降至 4.66 mm );后台阶模型中第二模态波初次出现位置比前台阶中更靠近上游,边界层转捩位置较前台阶前移。将NPLS结果与高频脉动压力测试结果进行对比,两者吻合较好。     

基于序列凸优化的高超声速滑翔式再入轨迹快速优化

针对具有热流、动压、过载以及多个禁飞区约束的再入轨迹优化问题,提出采用序列凸优化方法快速求解。利用归一化时间作为自变量解决终端时间自由问题,并引入辅助控制变量以减少序列优化结果中的高频振荡,在此基础上,通过线性化、离散化和非凸约束的凸化处理,将非凸非线性优化问题转化为二阶锥规划(Second Order Conic Programming,SOCP)问题,然后采用凸优化求解算法快速求解。数值优化结果与对比验证表明该方法能快速高效求解多约束条件下的再入轨迹优化问题,且计算效率和性能均优于传统的非线性规划方法。     

从“给力”到“ungelivable”看语言的模因特性

对语言模因“给力”和“ungelivable”的复制传播的研究分析，得出语言模因实质是一种思维模因。     

Stability of relative equilibria of the full spacecraft dynamics around an asteroid with orbit–attitude coupling

The full dynamics of spacecraft around an asteroid, in which the spacecraft is considered as a rigid body and the gravitational orbit–attitude coupling is taken into account, is of great value and interest in the precise theories of the motion. The spectral stability of the classical relative equilibria of the full spacecraft dynamics around an asteroid is studied with the method of geometric mechanics. The stability conditions are given explicitly based on the characteristic equation of the linear system matrix. It is found that the linearized system decouples into two entirely independent subsystems, which correspond to the motions within and outside the equatorial plane of the asteroid respectively. The system parameters are divided into three groups that describe the traditional stationary orbit stability, the significance of the orbit–attitude coupling and the mass distribution of the spacecraft respectively. The spectral stability of the relative equilibria is investigated numerically with respect to the three groups of system parameters. The relations between the full spacecraft dynamics and the traditional spacecraft dynamics, as well as the effect of the orbit–attitude coupling, are assessed. We find that when the orbit–attitude coupling is strong, the mass distribution of the spacecraft dominates the stability of the relative equilibria; whereas when the orbit–attitude coupling is weak, both the mass distribution and the traditional stationary orbit stability have significant effects on the stability. We also give a criterion to determine whether the orbit–attitude coupling needs to be considered.     

Coordinating signs and eye gaze in the depiction of directions and spatial scenes by fluent and L2 signers of Norwegian Sign Language

The current study investigates the coordination of signs and eye gaze during depictions of directions and spatial scenes by fluent and second language (L2) signers of Norwegian Sign Language. First, findings show that fluent and L2 signers make different choices regarding the perspective they use to depict spatial scenes. Second, there is variation within and across groups in relation to how eye gaze is directed during these depictions. Findings suggest that eye gaze is used to establish a vantage point upon a depicted scene, but L2 learners may not always engage in this type of coordination. This study contributes to our understanding of how visual perspective is depicted in signed languages and has implications for signed language pedagogy.