含非对称裂纹三维有限大体应力强度因子能量释放率方法的封闭解

 本文提出一种新的半工程半解析的方法,导出含非对称裂纹三维有限大体应力强度因子的封闭解。根据此方法,只需少量的机时,即可获得一系列结果。本方法及所得结果在工程上有实际应用价值。     

进气道温度畸变问题的研究

重点研究稳态温度畸变对发动机稳定工作的影响。温度畸变分为周向温度畸变和径向温度畸变两种情况。温度畸变将使发动机喘振裕度降低。情况严重时可使发动机工作不稳定,或发动机熄火,从而危及飞行安全。本文半给出进气道温度畸变和稳定性因子的确定方法,作为进气道／发动机匹配研究的基础。     

加速度计参数变化建模方法

通过归纳工程上常用数据建模方法及其应用特点,且结合贮存条件下加速度计零偏和标度因数试验测量数据变化规律,综合给出了建立零偏时间序列模型和标度因数回归模型的详细步骤,并据此建立了贮存条件下加速度计零偏和标度因数的变化模型,所建模型预测的数据与真实数据相比误差很小,充分验证了模型的有效性.所建模型真实地反映了零偏随机性变化规律和标度因数趋势性变化规律的特点,可以为加速度计零偏和标度因数随时间变化的补偿模型提供参考,为加速度计参数长期变化稳定性水平评价提供手段.     

大型客机飞行员操作程序综合评价

机组对飞机的成功操作很大程度上依赖于一套精心编制的飞行员操作程序,不合理或不合逻辑的操作程序可能导致飞行员的违规操作,进而引发飞行事故.参考波音737NG飞行机组操作手册,分析进近和着陆阶段的任务功能流程后确定了评价指标体系的层次结构;采用德尔菲法对现役飞行员进行两轮咨询,建立了基于安全性的进近和着陆阶段飞行员操作程序综合评价指标体系;对飞行员进行咨询,采用序关系分析法确定了各指标的权重系数;应用模糊综合评价法对飞行员操作程序进行综合评价,得到了飞行员操作程序的评价等级和评价值.提出了一种将功能流程图法、德尔菲法、序关系分析法和模糊综合评价法相结合的飞行员操作程序综合评价方法,并应用于波音737NG飞机进近和着陆阶段的操作程序评价.评价结果说明了该综合评价方法的合理性.     

金属材料日历寿命确定的分散系数和取值

研究了在日历寿命确定中的分散性问题,通过对金属腐蚀试验数据分布规律的研究,选定了符合这种规律的分散系数计算模型;通过这些腐蚀试验数据,计算出已试验材料的标准差;通过给出的标准差计算出腐蚀试验用的分散系数的取值。     

Analyses toward factors influencing sealing clearance of a metal rubber seal and derivation of a calculation formula

Sealing clearance is a key factor for a metal rubber seal’s sealability. The expansion coef-ficient and expansion deformation in the radial direction of metal rubber have been obtained through a thermal expansion experiment of metal rubber. The influence of the elastic modulus to the sealing clearance has been analyzed theoretically. By combining the temperature and elasticity factors of metal rubber with the elastic mechanics theory, the calculation formula of the sealing clearance has been derived, and the values of the sealing clearance and the leakage rate in certain working conditions have been calculated. Experimental results are consistent with calculation results in a high degree. The calculation formula of the sealing clearance can explain the influences of the temperature and elastic modulus factors of metal rubber on the sealing clearance. It can pro-vide guidance for the study of sealing mechanism of metal rubber seals.     

基于三维裂纹尖端应力场的应力强度因子计算方法

提出一种基于无限大体裂纹尖端弹性应力场理论解的前几项多项式函数,对实际裂纹体弹性应力场有限元解进行拟合来计算应力强度因子的方法.该方法在计算应力强度因子时不需要预先假设裂纹尖端的应力应变状态,应力强度因子计算结果更符合三维裂纹体裂纹尖端实际的应力应变状态.首先基于二维无限大板中心穿透裂纹应力场理论解验证了方法的有效性,探讨了拟合确定应力强度因子需要的多项式应力函数的项数.然后分别以二维大板中心穿透裂纹、三维大体内埋圆裂纹和三维有限厚板中心穿透裂纹的应力强度因子计算为例,通过与无限大板和无限大体应力强度因子理论解以及基于位移外推法和1/4节点张开位移法的应力强度因子有限元解的对比分析,验证了该方法的有效性和合理性.研究表明该方法能够合理反映三维裂纹体裂纹尖端的实际应力应变状态,计算得到的应力强度因子数值更合理.      

直接侧向力/气动力复合控制影响因素研究

为分析直接侧向力/气动力复合控制中的影响因素对控制效果的影响,给出了复合控制拦截器的典型布局,建立了直接侧向力/气动力复合控制分配模型;采用自适应动态逆方法形成虚拟控制律实现拦截器姿态控制,并进行了仿真验证与分析。仿真结果表明,不同发动机总数、发动机开关机周期和推力大小等因素对最终控制效果有直接的影响,且发动机开关机周期与推力的共同作用对控制效果影响明显。     

大型运输机机体结构全尺寸疲劳试验分散系数探讨

从疲劳分散系数的含义入手,分析了国内、外军用标准和民用适航标准对于疲劳分散系数的要求,从中找出了影响战斗类飞机与运输类飞机疲劳分散系数的因素,给出了确定大型运输机全尺寸疲劳试验分散系数的原则。     

Nonlinear modal electromechanical coupling factor for piezoelectric structures containing nonlinearities

Within the linear framework, the Modal Electromechanical Coupling Factor (MEMCF) is an important indicator to quantify the dynamic conversion of mechanical energy and electrical energy of piezoelectric structures. It is also an important tool to guide the piezoelectric damping design of linear structures. Advanced aircraft often fly in maneuvers, and the variable working conditions induce drastic changes in the load level on structures. Geometric and contact nonlinearities of thin-walled structures and joint structures are often activated. To achieve a good vibration reduction effect covering all working conditions, one cannot directly use linear electromechanical coupling theory to instruct the piezoelectric damping design for nonlinear structures. Therefore, this paper defines the Nonlinear Modal Electromechanical Coupling Factor (NMEMCF) and proposes the corresponding numerical method for the first time to quantitatively evaluate the electromechanical coupling capability of nonlinear piezoelectric structures. Three candidate definitions of the NMEMCF are given, including two frequency definitions and one energy definition. The energy definition is the most promising one. It is not only applicable to both conservative and dissipative nonlinear structures but also compatible with the linear MEMCF. In addition, based on the energy formula, the NMEMCF can be obtained by only performing one nonlinear modal analysis in the open-circuit state. The analytical findings and the numerical tool are validated against two piezoelectric structures with different types of nonlinearities. A strong correlation among the NMEMCF, geometric parameters, and energy dissipation is observed. The results confirm that the proposed NMEMCF captures the physics of the electromechanical coupling phenomenon associated with nonlinear piezoelectric structures and can be used as an essential design indicator of piezoelectric damping, especially for variable working conditions.