大气腐蚀电化学测定研究

介绍了自行研制的环境试验中大气腐蚀电化学测定装置,包括Kelvin 大气腐蚀测定仪的工作原理,功能用途,软硬件结构及初步测试结果.自行研制的Kelvin大气腐蚀测定仪采用振动电容法技术,不需与被测量试样及电解液相接触,用Kelvin探针作参比电极,即可测得液膜下金属电极电位及极化曲线,为研究大气环境下的材料腐蚀行为提供了先进的技术和方法.     

对旋风机对旋叶轮级间流场的实验研究

采用实验方法对对旋风机对旋叶轮级间流场进行了研究。在改变级间间隙和前后级转速的情况下,采用五孔探针对级间压力场和速度场进行了了测量,并对结果进行了分析。研究表明:前后级动叶加功量的分配在对旋风机的气动设计中占有很重要的地位,这种分配可以通过转速的匹配来实现;在气动设计中,应增加对旋叶轮级间间隙的控制设计。      

定常幅值小推力登月飞行器轨道研究

 进行了基于平面三体模型的登月飞行器轨道控制方法的研究;研究了从近地低轨道到近月低轨道的飞行轨道;给出了在地球逃逸段、惯性漂移段和月球捕获段的运动轨迹和关键点的参数。提出使用“远地点可达”概念完成了地球逃逸段发动机推力终点的选择和使用飞行器相对月心能量完成了在月球捕获段止推发动机工作初始点的选择。     

Hydrodynamic instabilities and transverse waves in propagation mechanism of gaseous detonations

The present study examines the role of transverse waves and hydrodynamic instabilities mainly, Richtmyer–Meshkov instability (RMI) and Kelvin–Helmholtz instability (KHI) in detonation structure using two-dimensional high-resolution numerical simulations of Euler equations. To compare the numerical results with those of experiments, Navier–Stokes simulations are also performed by utilizing the effect of diffusion in highly irregular detonations. Results for both moderate and low activation energy mixtures reveal that upon collision of two triple points a pair of forward and backward facing jets is formed. As the jets spread, they undergo Richtmyer–Meshkov instability. The drastic growth of the forward jet found to have profound role in re-acceleration of the detonation wave at the end of a detonation cell cycle. For irregular detonations, the transverse waves found to have substantial role in propagation mechanism of such detonations. In regular detonations, the lead shock ignites all the gases passing through it, hence, the transverse waves and hydrodynamic instabilities do not play crucial role in propagation mechanism of such regular detonations. In comparison with previous numerical simulations present simulation using single-step kinetics shows a distinct keystone-shaped region at the end of the detonation cell.     

Combustion efficiency test method in scramjet engine

A scramjet engine combustion efficiency measure system was designed.The combustion efficiency was measured by chromatography method,and the results of chromatography method were compared with those of temperature method.The results indicate that the combustion efficiency measured by chromatography method was 80.7%,lower than the combustion efficiency of 84.5%measured by temperature method;the combustion efficiency could be measured more precisely by chromatogram method than by temperature method.The combustion efficiency measure system based on chromatogram method can work well,and thus can be used to measure the combustion efficiency of scramjet engine.     

涡轮叶片前缘附近斜射流梯形腔内的流动特性

涡轮叶片前缘附近内冷腔的几何结构通常较为复杂,建立了梯形内冷通道的放大模型进行实验模拟,考虑复杂流动条件的影响,了解通道内的流动结构与特性,为更高效的内冷通道设计提供参考。使用七孔针对通道流场进行了详细测量,研究射流、横流及气膜孔出流对通道流场的影响规律。结果表明:在射流侧壁面较低位置的射流对靶面的冲击效果良好,较高位置的射流则主要对通道内旋流起到诱导和促进作用,且后者更易受横流影响;通道内横流强度的增加会进一步促进逆时针方向旋流的发展,同时削弱射流的冲击效果;随着射流角度的增加,射流的冲击作用增强,但诱导旋流的能力减弱;气膜出流量和出流位置的改变对通道主体流动结构影响较小。     

ESA再入探测器的某些空气热动力问题

给出了两种不同的再入飞行器:充气的再入和下滑演示器(IRDT)和Huygens.两者的任务都涉及在靠近轨道的条件下再入并均已于2005年完成.概述了IRDT的使命和具体设计问题,综述了IRDT最近飞行的初步结果和ESTEC估计Huygens受到的辐射通量采用的方法.     

倾斜CCD光敏面以减小扩展像斑的分析

经理论推导，给出了倾斜ＣＣＤ光敏面以减小扩展像斑，从而减小激光三角法测量误差的理论根据，同时结合计算机模拟曲线，说明了它的缺点是限制了测量范围。     

国外空间推进技术现状和发展趋势

空间推进技术通常可分为常规化学推进、电推进、微推进和新型推进4大类。常规化学推进是目前航天器的主要推进方式,性能继续提升。电推进已成功证明其优势和可靠性,在各种卫星和深空探测器上大量应用,且朝更宽泛功率的方向发展。蓬勃发展的微小卫星对微小推力、小质量、低功耗的微推进提出了迫切需求。无毒化学推进、太阳帆推进、核推进等新型推进技术正在加紧研制或进行空间飞行试验。首先综述国外卫星和深空探测器等航天器的各类空间推进技术应用和研究现状,然后分析其发展趋势,最后提出对我国空间推进技术的发展建议。     

Surface micro-texture on sapphire fabricated by laser ablation trajectory regulation

Fabrication of the surface micro-texture on the C-plane sapphire is undertaken by a355 nm Ultraviolet(UV) pulsed laser. The surface micro-textures of sapphire with different laser scanning line spacing ranging from 10 lm to 100 lm are obtained, where the selection range of scanning line spacing is controlled in the range of the groove width and plasma width to obtain a surface of high Peak-Valley(PV) value. A reasonable processing order is proposed to manufacture different types of surface micro...