一种高准确度超低频电压测试标准——8801超低频电压及失真测试仪

8801超低频电压及失真测试仪是一种采用单片计算机、A/D变换器的采样-计算式仪器,它可以测试超低频信号的周期、电压、失真和谐波等各种参数。电压测试不确定度高达0.02％。文中介绍了主要技术指标、工作原理、技术特点、误差分析等,对软件作了简要说明。     

复合绝热管气囊成型工艺设计和实验

对两端收口复合绝热管进行了工艺方案分析,确定气囊成型工艺为优选工艺方案,在此基础上阐述了气囊成型工艺设计的原则,依据这个原则开展了典型样件的研制.结果表明：方案选择合理,工艺设计完整、可靠,产品满足各项指标要求.     

基于参数优化的截尾序贯检验法

截尾序贯概率比检验法和序贯网图检验法（SMT）是在序贯概率比检验法（SPRT）的基础上发展起来的2种方法,可进一步控制试验次数。但是这些截尾序贯方法的停止边界仍有待优化,本文以最常见的截尾SPRT为例,说明决定停止边界的参数的取值直接影响了最大试验样本量,且存在最佳取值。并以此为基础,对SMT和传统的SPRT进行了综合比较,发现截尾SMT并不优于传统的截尾SPRT,它不过是一种广义形式的截尾序贯检验法,SPRT的研究重点应该是截尾形式的构造。最后本文提供了一种曲线形式的截尾序贯检验法.     

Robotic Instrument for Grinding Rocks Into Thin Sections (GRITS)

We have developed a rock grinding and polishing mechanism for in situ planetary exploration based on abrasive disks, called Grinding Rocks Into Thin Sections (GRITS). Performance characteristics and design considerations of GRITS are presented. GRITS was developed as part of a broader effort to develop an in situ automated rock thin section (ISARTS) instrument. The objective of IS-ARTS was to develop an instrument capable of producing petrographic rock thin sections on a planetary science spacecraft. GRITS may also be useful to other planetary science missions with in situ instruments in which rock surface preparation are necessary.     

Mars Sample Return: Do Australians trust NASA?

Mars Sample Return (MSR) represents an important scientific goal in space exploration. Any sample return mission will be extremely challenging from a scientific, economic and technical standpoint. But equally testing, will be communicating with a public that may have a very different perception of the mission. A MSR mission will generate international publicity and it is vital that NASA acknowledge the nature and extent of public concern about the mission risks and, perhaps equally importantly, the public’s confidence in NASA’s ability to prepare for and manage these risks. This study investigated the level of trust in NASA in an Australian population sample, and whether this trust was dependent on demographic variables. Participants completed an online survey that explored their attitudes towards NASA and a MSR mission. The results suggested that people believe NASA will complete the mission successfully but have doubts as to whether NASA will be honest when communicating with the public. The most significant finding to emerge from this study was that confidence in NASA was significantly (p < 0.05) related to the respondent’s level of knowledge regarding the risks and benefits of MSR. These results have important implications for risk management and communication.     

挖掘周期性一般关联规则

在事务数据库中的周期性一般关联规则可以揭示类的不同层次之间的关系和呈现周期性变化。这些信息对于识别在关联中的趋势和预测非常有用。由于数据噪声对发现周期性一般关联规则的巨大影响 ,文中用噪声比来抑制数据噪声对发现周期性一般关联规则的影响。同时根据对周期性与一般高频集之间关系的分析 ,利用周期裁剪技术来节省挖掘时间 ,给出了 (Cyclic general-ized itemsets,CGI)算法。实验证明 ,该算法可高效地发现周期性一般关联规则。     

直线度测量中采样间距与偏差形状关系的理论研究

从频域理论上对直线度测量中采样间距与偏差形状的吻合关系进行了较为深入的理论分析，提出在相同的采样误差条件下，随着采样点数的增加，测量误差将随之下降。因此，直线度测量采样间距的选择应按测量准确度要求来确定。     

A sample collector for robotic sample return missions I: Temperature effect on collected mass

Sample return is playing an increasingly important role in solar system exploration. Among the possible mission on the horizon, are sample return from asteroids, comets, the Moon and Mars. A collector initially intended for near-Earth asteroids is the touch-and-go-impregnable-pad (TGIP). Here we explore the effect of temperature on its collection capabilities. Temperatures expected on near-Earth asteroid mission targets range from −43 to 36 °C. Experiments were conducted at −75, −50, −25, 23, 65, and 105 °C. It was found that the mass of sample collected by the TGIP increased almost linearly to 23 °C and then leveled off at higher temperatures. We also found that the collector did not lose its ability to collect samples after being subjected to −75 °C temperatures (essentially frozen) and then thawed. These experiments have shown that the TGIP can operate effectively at temperatures expected on near-Earth asteroids, especially if collection is performed on the sunward side of the asteroid.     

A sample collector for robotic sample return missions II: Radiation tests

Sample return from small solar system objects is playing an increasingly important part in solar system exploration. Critical to such missions is a robust, simple, and economic sample collector. We have developed a collector such as this for near-Earth asteroid sample return missions that we have termed the Touch-and-Go Impregnable Pad (TGIP). The collector utilizes a silicone substrate that is pushed into the dust and gravel surface layer of the asteroid. As part of a systematic evaluation of the TGIP, we have investigated the resilience of this substrate to ionizing radiations. Several miniature versions of the collector, containing typically ∼3 g of the collection substrate, were exposed to 0.564 MeV beta particles from a ⁹⁰Sr source and a 6 MeV electron beam in a linear accelerator to simulate the wide range of energies of solar and galactic ionizing radiation. Various radiation levels up to eight times greater than expected on a six-year asteroid mission (in the case of beta radiation) and 50 times greater than expected (in the case of the 6 MeV electron radiation) were administered to the substrate. After irradiation, the efficiency of the substrate in collecting samples of mock regolith was compared with that of collectors that had not been irradiated. No difference beyond experimental uncertainty was observed and we suggest that the operational TGIP will not be affected adversely by radiation doses expected during a typical six-year inner solar system mission.     

深空探测器多次引力辅助转移轨道全局搜索

介绍行星引力辅助近似模型,包括近行星点无动力和有动力两种方式;采用开普勒轨道拼接法与双脉冲Lambert算法,建立多次引力辅助转移轨道的参数优化模型;通过广度优先搜索算法对引力辅助行星序列进行穷举,对发射窗口和天体间转移时间进行离散化网格搜索,每一步网格搜索后均采用合理的定界剪枝方法,减少后续计算量。这种全局搜索方法不需要提前指定引力辅助行星序列,并可得到对应不同飞行时间以及不同引力辅助次数的搜索结果,获得若干多天体引力辅助转移轨道初步结果,为进一步局部优化设计奠定基础。文章给出几组全局搜索算例,得到从地球到火星、木星和土星的多次引力辅助转移轨道,验证了全局搜索方法的有效性。