某型机燃油增压异常的分析与研究

针对某型机开车后燃油系统输油时油箱增压存在异常的现象,结合该型机燃油系统通气增压原理,分析了该故障的可能原因,并通过地面试验最终排除故障。     

Experimental Study on Effects of Fuel Injection on Scramjet Combustor Performance

In order to investigate the effects of fuel injection distribution on the scramjet combustor performance, there are conducted three sets of test on a hydrocarbon fueled direct-connect scramjet test facility. The results of Test A, whose fuel injection is carried out with injectors located on the top-wall and the bottom-wall, show that the fuel injection with an appropriate close-front and centralized distribution would be of much help to optimize combustor performances. The results of Test B, whose fuel injection is performed at the optimal injection locations found in Test A, with a given equivalence ratio and different injection proportions for each injector, show that this injection mode is of little benefit to improve combustor performances. The results of Test C with a circumferential fuel injection distribution displaies the possibility of ameliorating combustor performance. By analyzing the effects of injection location parameters on combustor performances on the base of the data of Test C, it is clear that the injector location has strong coupled influences on combus- tor performances. In addition, an inner-force synthesis specific impulse is used to reduce the errors caused by the disturbance of fuel supply and working state of air heater while assessing combustor performances.     

Simulation and Analysis of Crashworthiness of Fuel Tank for Helicopters

Crashworthiness requirement of fuel tanks is one of the important requirements in helicopter designs. The relations among the protection frame, textile layer and rubber layer of the fuel tank are introduced. Two appropriate FE models are established, one is for an uncovered helicopter fuel tank without protection frame, and the other is for fuel tank with protection frame. The dynamic responses of the two types of fuel tanks impinging on the ground with velocities of 17.3 m/s are numerically simulated for the purpose of analyzing energy-absorbing capabilities of the textile layer and protection frame. The feasibility of the current crashworthiness design of the fuel tank is examined though comparing the dynamic response behaviors of the two fuel tanks.     

燃料电池电动车用隔离Boost全桥变换器的研究

针对燃料电池电动车辅助能源系统低压大功率、大升压比的特点,分析了几种隔离变换器方案,这几种方案均难以做到大功率应用。为此,提出了采用隔离Boost全桥变换器拓扑方案可有效地解决上述技术难点。文中介绍了该方案的原理,详细分析了控制系统,给出了数字化控制的实现方法和主电路关键参数的设计。为了验证上述方案的正确性,设计了5 kW,24 V输入300 V输出的隔离Boost全桥变换器。实验结果表明,系统具有良好的动态和静态性能,能有效地应用于电动汽车等领域。     

Measurement of mass diffusion coefficients of O_2 in aviation fuel through digital holographic interferometry

The experimental apparatus to measure the mass diffusion coefficients of O2 in aviation fuel was constructed based on the digital holographic interferometry method. The theory of mass diffusion coefficient and interference image processing were introduced in detail. The accuracy of the experiment was verified by measuring the mass diffusion coefficient of 0.33 mol/L KCl in aqueous solution at 298.15 K. The mass diffusion coefficients of O_2 in RP3 and RP5 aviation fuels were measured at temperature from 278.15 K to 333.15 K, and the Arrhenius equation was employed to fit the experimental data. In terms of the Stokes-Einstein equation, the viscosities of these two aviation fuels were tested to estimate the correlation among mass diffusion coefficient, viscosity and temperature. A uniform polynomial calculation correlation was proposed to predict the mass diffusion coefficients of O_2 in both RP3 and RP5 aviation fuels, and its accuracy is considerably higher than that of the Stokes-Einstein equation.     

3D打印骨架增强石蜡燃料燃烧机理实验研究

针对固-液混合火箭发动机中石蜡基固体燃料机械性能差的问题,使用3D打印聚合物骨架镶嵌石蜡的方法增强了石蜡基燃料的结构强度,分析了骨架增强石蜡燃料在直/旋流喷注下的燃烧机理。通过对七种骨架材料进行SEM扫描、力学、热力学分析和纯氧条件下的燃烧试验,获得了不同骨架材料的微观表面结构、机械性能、热分解性能以及在纯氧环境下的燃烧性能;使用直/旋流固-气掺混燃烧试验系统,开展了螺旋型和六角型骨架增强石蜡燃料的燃烧试验,并与ABS固体燃料进行了对比。结果显示,在多种骨架材料中,ABS材料加工性能、机械性能及热分解性能良好;燃烧过程中,骨架增强石蜡燃料结构稳定性良好,石蜡液滴主要出现在石蜡-骨架交界处;旋流喷注和螺旋型骨架可促进石蜡液滴的夹带现象;在直流喷注工况中,骨架的凹槽结构增加了燃料与氧化剂的接触面积,尾部骨架结构具有稳焰作用,可促进后燃烧室的掺混燃烧;石蜡燃料和骨架燃速差异较大,发动机内弹道性能可能受此影响。     

利用Breakwell间距比法制定行星际探测中途修正策略

详细介绍了制定行星际探测中途修正策略的Breakwell间距比法,给出了在燃料最优条件下,终端误差精度和制导能力与中途修正设计次数和时刻之间的解析关系。一般而言,终端误差精度每提高3倍,修正次数就需要增加1次,制导能力每提升3倍,修正次数就可以减少1次。在具体使用上,应首先根据精度要求和制导能力确定最后一次修正时刻,然后向前递推,使得前一次修正后误差传播量与后一次修正后误差传播量成公比为1/3的等比数列,以此确定其余修正时刻,从而保证在达到终端精度前提下,整体燃料消耗最少。以火星探测为例,给出探测器于2018年5月出发12月达到火星的算例,仿真结果表明了理论分析的正确性。     

微纳InSAR卫星总体技术研究

微纳合成孔径雷达干涉(Synthetic Aperture Radar Interferometry, InSAR)卫星是对地定量化遥感的重要手段。开展了微纳InSAR卫星系统总体技术研究,给出了使得干涉测量覆盖范围最大的双星编队构型设计方法,建立了低燃料消耗双星轨道参数设计准则,提出高功能密度比InSAR卫星系统的设计方法,包括载荷平台一体化、卫星高集成模块化等总体设计方法,并给出了相应的设计实例。     

瞬变流速作用下姿控发动机燃料管路的非线性振动特性分析

为研究瞬变流速激励下某型卫星姿控发动机燃料输送管路的非线性振动特性,采用加权余量法和四阶Runge—Kutta法对燃料输送管路的非线性液固耦合振动模型进行了数值仿真,研究不同燃料流速下、电磁阀开关时长对燃料管路非线性振动稳定性的影响.仿真结果表明,依据管路特征线可将管路振动分为稳定振动区和不稳定振动区,且不稳定振动主要...     

质子交换膜燃料电池及其空间应用

介绍了质子交换膜燃料电池(PEMFC)、可再生燃料电池(RFC)的工作原理、性能和空间应用特点，以及发展航空航天器用可再生PEMFC系统的必要性和可行性。讨论了PEMFC和可再生PEMFC系统所面临的技术难点。最后，针对我国的实际情况，提出了分阶段发展PEMFC和可再生PEMFC的建议。