高热导率聚酰亚胺浸渍漆

文摘通过引入无机纳米粉体研制了高热导率聚酰亚胺浸渍漆,研究了聚酰亚胺的化学结构、无机粉体的种类、粒径和用量等因素对浸渍漆贮存稳定性以及固化物性能的影响。均苯四甲酸二酐与4,4′-二氨基二苯基醚合成的聚酰亚胺具有高的热导率。在联苯型聚酰亚胺中引入30%~35%、粒径为100~300 nm的α-A l2O3粉体,固化物的热导率可提高到0.65~0.80 W/(m.K),其余性能基本保持原有水平。     

TiAl合金表面激光重熔Al_2O_3-13wt%TiO_2复合陶瓷涂层组织结构

采用等离子喷涂和激光重熔复合工艺在TiAl合金表面制备了Al2O3-13wt%TiO2复合陶瓷涂层.为了减少重熔层裂纹等缺陷,采用较低的激光功率和能最密度进行重熔.用扫描电镜(SEM),能谱仪(EDS)和X射线衍射仪(XRD)分析了涂层形貌、微观结构和相组成.结果表明,经过激光重熔处理后,陶瓷涂层颗粒细化,片层状组织得以消失,致密性提高,获得了基本没有裂纹等缺陷的重熔层;激光重熔亚稳相γ-Al2O3转变为稳定相α-Al2O3;由于陶瓷材料导热系数较低的影响,激光重熔时无法使整个陶瓷层实现重熔,重熔后的陶瓷涂层形成了晶粒细小的等轴品重熔区、烧结区以及片层状残余等离子喷涂区.     

变形高温合金中钛含量测定方法的研究

运用N2O-C2H2火焰原子吸收光谱法测定变形高温合金中的钛含量。考察了钛的最佳测定条件以及线性浓度范围。在样品测定中对干扰因素进行了综合考虑。实验表明：该方法具有干扰小、选择性好,操作简便、容易掌握、分析周期短等优点;测定样品钛含量在10-60 mg/L时,其相对标准偏差均小于1.0%（n=10）;标准加入回收率均为97.2%-98.3%（n=6）;该分析方法适用于变形高温合金中钛含量的测定。     

压力对有序LixTiS2电子性质的影响

采用基于密度泛函理论的局域密度近似（LDA）,计算了压力对LixTiS2（x=0.0．25,0．5,0．75,1）的晶格结构和电子结构的影响。研究发现,对于同一“含量的LixTiS2,随着压力的增大,LixTiS2的晶格参数有规律的减小,插层化合物中Li的含量越高,材料越难被压缩;在压强等于1GPa左右时各体系的总能量达到最小值。各体系的费米能级随着压力的增大而降低;各原子的电子能态密度产生了漂移,压力还导致了S原子和．Ti原子p-d杂化减弱。“原子和S原子的共价相互作用得到了增强     

利用神经网络预报中国地区电离层f0F2

利用神经网络技术并考虑太阳和地磁活动对电离层的影响,提出了一种提前5 h预报中国地区电离层临界频率f0F2的方法.网络输入包括时间、季节、地理纬度、太阳天顶角、最近一天的12个观测值(F-23,F-22,F-21,F-20,F-19,F-18,F-5,F-4,F-3,F-2,F-1,F0)和前30天滑动平均值(A-24,A-23,A-22,A-4,A-3A-2,A-1,A0),网络输出分别为未来5 h的f0F2值F+1,F+2,F+3,F+4,F+5.选取乌鲁木齐、长春、重庆和广州站1958-1968年间的数据训练网络,利用中国9个电离层站的历史数据检验网络,根据均方根误差衡量网络性能的好坏.结果表明,神经网络的预报结果能较好地符合实测数据.这说明利用神经网络实现中国地区电离层f0F2的时空预报是可行的.     

A different method to update monthly median hmF2 values

The height, h_mF2, and the electron density, N_mF2, of the F2 peak are key model parameters to characterize the actual state of the ionosphere. These parameters, or alternatively the propagation factor, M3000F2, and the critical frequency, f_oF2, of the F2 peak, which are related to h_mF2 and N_mF2, are used to anchor the electron density vertical profile computed with different models such as the International Reference Ionosphere ( Bilitza, 2002), as well as for radio propagation forecast purposes. Long time series of these parameters only exist in an inhomogeneous distribution of points over the surface of Earth, where dedicated instruments (typically ionosondes) have been working for many years. A commonly used procedure for representing median values of the aforementioned parameters all over the globe is the one recommended by the ITU-R ( ITU-R, 1997). This procedure, known as the Jones and Gallet mapping technique, was based on ionosondes measurements gathered from 1954 to 1958 by a global network of around 150 ionospheric stations (  and ). Even though several decades have passed since the development of that innovative work, only few efforts have been dedicated to establish a new mapping technique for computing h_mF2 and N_mF2 median values at global scale or to improve the old method using the increased observational database. Therefore, in this work three different procedures to describe the daily and global behavior of the height of the F2 peak are presented. All of them represent a different and simplified method to estimate h_mF2 and are based on different mathematical expressions. The advantages and disadvantages of these three techniques are analyzed, leading to the conclusion that the recommended procedure to represent h_mF2 is best characterized by a Spherical Harmonics expansion of degree and order equal to 15, since the differences between the h_mF2 values obtained with the Jones and Gallet technique and those obtained using the abovementioned procedure are of only 1%.     

W掺杂对TiO2中氧空位形成能的影响

为研究Ti合金中常用的基体强化元素W对合金抗氧化性的作用,利用第一性原理方法计算了W掺杂对Ti合金氧化产物金红石TiO₂中氧空位形成能的影响。计算发现,W可以显著增大其近邻位置的氧空位的形成能,使其增大将近0.7 eV,这将有效抑制氧空位的产生以及环境中氧的渗透,对Ti合金的抗氧化性是有益的。同时研究了2个氧空位组成的不同构型的空位对,发现W同样可以增大氧空位对的形成能,但增加的数值平均到每个氧空位只有0.2 eV,即随着氧化的加剧和氧空位浓度的增加,W对抗氧化性能提高的效果减弱。电子态密度分析表明,对于不同构型的氧空位对,体系内的未配对电子分布在不同的能级水平,这导致了不同的空位形成能。     

含泡沫镍中间层陶瓷/不锈钢接头微观组织和性能

连接温度850℃,保温时间60 min,用泡沫镍金属作为中间层真空钎焊Al₂O₃陶瓷与1Cr18Ni9Ti不锈钢,利用扫描电子显微镜（SEM）、能谱（EDS）分析钎焊接头的微观组织,利用剪切实验检测接头的力学性能。实验结果表明,不添加中间层时,接头平均剪切强度只有7.7 MPa,断裂位置发生在陶瓷侧;添加泡沫镍中间层时,接头平均剪切强度达到101.7 MPa,断裂位置发生在陶瓷与泡沫镍金属连接界面处。不添加中间层时,Ti元素主要分布在钎料与陶瓷以及钎料与不锈钢反应界面处;添加中间层后钎焊接头中Ti元素主要分布在中间层,与Ni元素形成TiNi₃,Ag、Cu和Ti元素分布更加均匀。      

GPS derived TEC and foF2 variability at an equatorial station and the performance of IRI-model

The ionosphere induces a time delay in transionospheric radio signals such as the Global Positioning System (GPS) signal. The Total Electron Content (TEC) is a key parameter in the mitigation of ionospheric effects on transionospheric signals. The delay in GPS signal induced by the ionosphere is proportional to TEC along the path from the GPS satellite to a receiver. The diurnal monthly and seasonal variations of ionospheric electron content were studied during the year 2010, a year of extreme solar minimum (F10.7 = 81 solar flux unit), with data from the GPS receiver and the Digisonde Portable Sounder (DPS) collocated at Ilorin (Geog. Lat. 8.50°N, Long. 4.50°E, dip −7.9°). The diurnal monthly variation shows steady increases in TEC and F2-layer critical frequency (foF2) from pre-dawn minimum to afternoon maximum and then decreases after sunset. TEC show significant seasonal variation during the daytime between 0900 and 1900 UT (LT = UT + 1 h) with a maximum during the March equinox (about 35 TECU) and minimum during the June solstice (about 24 TECU). The GPS-TEC and foF2 values reveal a weak seasonal anomaly and equinoctial asymmetry during the daytime. The variations observed find their explanations in the amount of solar radiation and neutral gas composition. The measured TEC and foF2 values were compared with last two versions of the International Reference Ionosphere (IRI-2007 and IRI-2012) model predictions using the NeQuick and CCIR (International Radio Consultative Committee) options respectively in the model. In general, the two models give foF2 close to the experimental values, whereas significant discrepancies are found in the predictions of TEC from the models especially during the daytime. The error in height dependent thickness parameter, daytime underestimation of equatorial drift and contributions of electrons from altitudes above 2000 km have been suggested as the possible causes.     

基于L2范数最小化联合模型的目标跟踪算法

为了解决稀疏表示的跟踪算法的计算代价比较大,且目标的表观由于多种原因会发生变化的问题,提出了一种在贝叶斯推理框架下,建立结合基于全局模板的判别式模型和基于局部描述子的生成式模型的联合模型,通过L2范数最小化进行求解的目标跟踪方法.在跟踪过程中,适时地更新判别式模型中的正负模板和生成式模型中模板的系数向量,使模板具有很强的适应性和判别性.实验结果表明,与其他典型的算法相比,该算法对于光照变化、尺度变化、遮挡、旋转等情况具有较强的鲁棒性.