遥感卫星扰振对TDICCD相机图像影响的仿真与分析

随着传输型遥感卫星结构的扩大化及灵活性的增强,对图像品质产生影响的扰振越来越受到重视。当遥感卫星在轨进行成像时,相机的图像品质会由于星上活动部件的运动的影响而下降。文章从调制传递函数（Modulation Transfen Function,MTF）角度出发,对不同工况下太阳翼转动驱动机构（BAPTA）和动量轮对图像品质的影响进行了仿真和评估。同时,针对高分辨率相机成像品质影响,从动力学仿真方面对星体扰振的幅值和频率进行了有限元分析,确定了扰振源的频率和幅值。最后,根据仿真分析结果,提出了星上扰振控制方案建议。     

基于传感器几何特性和图像特征的影像配准方法

“天绘一号”卫星是我国第一代传输型立体测绘卫星,搭载有三线阵CCD相机、多光谱相机和2m分辨率全色相机。多光谱相机波段间影像的配准是保证多光谱影像质量和有效应用的前提,在现有配准方法的基础上,文章提出了基于传感器几何特性和图像特征的配准方法来改善影像配准效果。这种方法首先基于相机几何特性对待配准图像进行调整,然后对图像进行局部多点取图,采用尺度不变特征变换（Scale Invariant Feature Transform,SIFT）法提取图像特征并进行初步匹配,利用匹配点领域灰度相关性来进行精匹配和误匹配点的剔除,最后获得图像位移差,进而完成图像配准。实验结果表明,这种方法能够提高多光谱波段间影像的配准成功率,准确率达到95％以上,大幅改善了匹配精度。     

星载SAR在轨成像实时处理算法研究

星载合成孔径雷达(SAR)分辨率和幅宽的不断提高,其产生的原始数据率越来越大,采用在轨实时成像处理形成图像,在图像域再进行传统的图像数据处理和传输,有助于降低星-地数据传输速率,为了提高星载SAR在轨成像处理的实时性,文章分析了星上特殊条件对星载SAR处理算法实时性所提出的约束,对RD、波束域、CS等经典的星载SAR成像处理算法的运算量进行了比较,以CS算法为例,研究了相位补偿因子对CS成像处理算法的实时性影响,提出了一种补偿因子区域不变的CS成像算法,它极大地减少了成像处理算法的运算量,并通过仿真实验结果验证了该算法的有效性。     

An extended chirp scaling algorithm for spaceborne sliding spotlight synthetic aperture radar imaging

A system impulse response with low sidelobes is critical in synthetic aperture radar（SAR） images because sidelobes contribute to noise and interfere with nearby scatterers. However,the conventional tricks of sidelobe suppression are unable to be exactly applied to the case of spaceborne sliding spotlight SAR due to great azimuth shifts in both time and frequency domains. In this paper, an extended chirp scaling algorithm is presented for spaceborne sliding spotlight SAR data imaging. The proposed algorithm firstly uses the spectral analysis（SPECAN） technique to avoid the azimuth spectrum folding effect and then employs the chirp scaling（CS） algorithm to achieve data focusing, i.e., the so-called two-step approach. To suppress the sidelobe level, an efficient strategy for the azimuth spectral weighting which only involves matrix multiplications and short fast Fourier transformations（FFTs） is proposed, which is a post-process executed on the focused SAR image and particularly simple to be implemented. The SAR image processed by the proposed extended CS algorithm is very precise and perfectly phase-preserving. In the end, computer simulation results verify the analysis and confirm the validity of the proposed algorithm.     

一种四元数矩阵建模的彩色图像质量评价方法

针对彩色图像的质量评估问题,提出了一种基于四元数矩阵模型的图像质量评价方法。利用四元数矩阵对彩色图像建模,构造出图像的四元数矩阵模型;对矩阵进行奇异值分解,得到一组奇异值向量;计算标准图像与失真图像对应奇异值向量间的欧式距离,获得失真映射图谱;由失真图谱计算两幅图像间的全局误差,作为失真图像的质量评价结果。通过对几组不同类型失真图像的评价测试,结果表明,方法对图像质量的客观评价结果与主观感知有较高的一致性,并且能够从失真映射图谱判定图像的失真类型。     

读屏模式下的网络文学

随着传播信息所依赖的媒介不断改变,人类进入读图时代,开启了读屏模式。读屏模式下的网络文学实现了语图的和谐共存。透过屏幕,经典作品与大众文化进行了沟通,自由精神的信念得以深入人心。读屏模式下的网络文学的必由之路是由解构走向重建,为语图战争的消弭另辟蹊径。     

可形变人脸模型研究进展综述

正确理解和跟踪人脸是构建能够在复杂人类环境中自主工作的智能机器系统的首要和关键步骤，可形变模型通过统计学习方法给出对象形状的紧凑数学表示，是达成这一目标的重要手段。从机器学习和计算机视觉领域角度，对人脸图像的可形变模型构建这一研究课题的最新研究进展进行了综述。特别地，对其中涉及的关键问题进行了归纳，并建立了一个抽象的统一贝叶斯可形变模型；在此框架下，对标准的点分布模型PDM模型及其最新研究进展进行了回顾、对一些主要的方法进行了介绍、对这些方法优缺点进行了对比分析。     

Advanced fractal approach for unsupervised classification of SAR images

Unsupervised classification of Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) images is the alternative approach when no or minimum apriori information about the image is available. Therefore, an attempt has been made to develop an unsupervised classification scheme for SAR images based on textural information in present paper. For extraction of textural features two properties are used viz. fractal dimension D and Moran’s I. Using these indices an algorithm is proposed for contextual classification of SAR images. The novelty of the algorithm is that it implements the textural information available in SAR image with the help of two texture measures viz. D and I. For estimation of D, the Two Dimensional Variation Method (2DVM) has been revised and implemented whose performance is compared with another method, i.e., Triangular Prism Surface Area Method (TPSAM). It is also necessary to check the classification accuracy for various window sizes and optimize the window size for best classification. This exercise has been carried out to know the effect of window size on classification accuracy. The algorithm is applied on four SAR images of Hardwar region, India and classification accuracy has been computed. A comparison of the proposed algorithm using both fractal dimension estimation methods with the K-Means algorithm is discussed. The maximum overall classification accuracy with K-Means comes to be 53.26% whereas overall classification accuracy with proposed algorithm is 66.16% for TPSAM and 61.26% for 2DVM.     

民航卫星通信网可视通信图像压缩编码方法研究

对民航卫星通信网进行可视通信图像压缩编码方法进行了研究。通过在多媒体计算机上进行模拟实验表明，将视频信息及语音信息压缩为64kbps通过TES卫星网传输方案是可行的。     

Use of the ASTER satellite images for evaluation of structural changes in the Popocatépetl volcano related to microseismicity

Mexico is one of the most volcanically active regions in North America. Volcanic activity in central Mexico is associated with the subduction of the Cocos and Rivera plates beneath the North American plate. Periods of enhanced microseismic activity, associated with the volcanic activity of the Popocatépetl volcano are compared with periods, during which the microseismic activity was low. We detected systematical changes in the number of lineaments, associated with the microseismic activity due to lineament analysis of a temporal sequence of high resolution satellite images of the Popocatépetl volcano, provided by the ASTER/VNIR instrument. The Lineament Extraction and Stripes Statistic Analysis (LESSA) software package was used for the lineament extraction. In the future it would allow develop a methodology for detection of possible elevation of pressure in volcano edifice.