空客A320系列飞机襟/缝翼翼尖刹车监控信息的分析

空客A320系列飞机的襟/缝翼控制计算机对翼尖刹车线圈提供了相应的监控功能（包括开路和短路）。但是，不完善的监控逻辑可能导致一些奇怪的故障现象，影响维护人员对故障的判断，本文对其监控内涵进行深入分析。     

基于非结构平台的DLR－F6标模阻力预测

采用自研的非结构网格解算器UNSMB进行了AIAA第三届阻力会议提供的DLR－F6翼身组合体的阻力计算验证。重点分析了模型的网格收敛特性、升阻力曲线以及压力分布等，并把计算结果与阻力预测会议上各个软件的计算结果以及试验数据进行比较，在此基础上分析计算结果。分析结果显示，非结构混合网格解算器的计算结果与各个软件的计算结果以及风洞试验数据吻合度较好，一定程度上验证与确认了解算器的阻力预测精度。     

Nonlinear interval analysis of rotor response with joints under uncertainties

The dynamic influence of joints in aero-engine rotor systems is investigated in this paper. Firstly, the tangential stiffness and loss factor are obtained from an isolated lap joint setup with dynamic excitation experiments. Also, the influence of the normal contact pressure and the excitation level are examined, which revel the uncertainty in joints. Then, the updated Thin Layer Elements (TLEs) method with fitted parameters based on the experiments is established to simulate the dynamic properties of joints on the interface. The response of the rotor subjected to unbalance excitation is calculated, and the results illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed method. Meanwhile, using the Chebyshev inclusion function and a direct iteration algorithm, a nonlinear interval analysis method is established to consider the uncertainty of parameters in joints. The accuracy is proved by comparison with results obtained using the Monte-Carlo method. Combined with the updated TLEs, the nonlinear Chebyshev method is successfully applied on a finite model of a rotor. The study shows that substantial attention should be paid to the dynamical design for the joint in rotor systems, the dynamic properties of joints under complex loading and the corresponding interval analysis method need to be intensively studied.     

Numerical study of a supercritical airfoil/wing with variable-camber technology

Variable-camber technology is considered an effective way to adaptively improve the aerodynamic performance of aircraft under various flight conditions. This paper studies the aerodynamic characteristics of the trailing-edge variable-camber technology by means of Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) and a drag decomposition method. Trailing-edge variable-camber technology can be simply realized by the continuous deflection of the flaps and ailerons of a wing. A supercritical airfoil is used to study the two-dimensional effect of variable-camber technology, and a wide-body airplane model is used to validate the three-dimensional improvement in the wing's airfoil made by variable-camber technology. An optimization strategy for airfoil that incorporates variable-camber technology is proposed. The optimization results demonstrate that the proposed method can obtain better results than the traditional segregated shape optimization.     

Effects of tooth bending damage on the leakage performance and rotordynamic coefficients of labyrinth seals

Tooth bending damage resulting from an intense impact by the rotor sometimes occurs in the transient operation. To investigate the influence of after-damage clearance and tooth bending length on the leakage performance and rotordynamic coefficients of labyrinth seals, three tooth bending damages were taken into consideration, including the unbent tooth damage (abbreviated as Unbent), the partial tooth bending damage (abbreviated as Pbent) and the complete tooth bending damage (abbreviated as Cbent). The transient CFD solution was utilized to calculate the leakage flow rates and rotordynamic coefficients of labyrinth seals with clearances of 0.3, 0.4, 0.5, 0.6 mm for three tooth bending damages. The obtained result shows that the Unbent tooth damage leaks least while the Pbent tooth bending damage leaks most, and an increase of 6.1% for Cbent tooth bending damage and an increase of 19.4% for Pbent tooth bending damage are discovered at the tooth clearance of 0.6 mm in comparison with the Unbent tooth damage. Compared to the Unbent tooth damage, the effective damping for Pbent tooth bending damage and Cbent tooth bending damage is lower and drops by 9.7%–33.6% and 8.5%–22.6% respectively at the tooth clearance of 0.6 mm, suggesting that Pbent tooth bending damage or Cbent tooth bending damage tends to weaken the seal stability when compared to the Unbent tooth damage.     

Closed-loop dynamic control allocation for aircraft with multiple actuators

A closed-loop control allocation method is proposed for a class of aircraft with multiple actuators. Nonlinear dynamic inversion is used to design the baseline attitude controller and derive the desired moment increment. And a feedback loop for the moment increment produced by the deflections of actuators is added to the angular rate loop, then the error between the desired and actual moment increment is the input of the dynamic control allocation. Subsequently, the stability of the closed-loop dynamic control allocation system is analyzed in detail. Especially, the closedloop system stability is also analyzed in the presence of two types of actuator failures: loss of effectiveness and lock-in-place actuator failures, where a fault detection subsystem to identify the actuator failures is absent. Finally, the proposed method is applied to a canard rotor/wing (CRW) aircraft model in fixed-wing mode, which has multiple actuators for flight control. The nonlinear simulation demonstrates that this method can guarantee the stability and tracking performance whether the actuators are healthy or fail.     

小展弦比飞翼标模尾部畸变影响试验研究

在飞翼布局模型风洞试验中，为实现尾部支撑需对模型进行尾部修形。为摸清飞翼布局模型局部外形畸变的影响规律，本文在 FL-14风洞对某小展弦比飞翼布局原始模型和尾部外形畸变模型进行了试验研究，采用增量法获得了尾部外形畸变的影响规律，并与国内三座低速风洞的三种支撑装置的近／远场支架干扰进行了对比分析。研究结果表明：小侧滑角时，在小迎角范围内尾部畸变影响量显著大于支架干扰量，在中大迎角范围则与支架干扰量级相当；畸变横向影响量较大，且随侧滑角增大而增大。所以应对全机的试验结果进行正确的“畸变”修正，或对尾部畸变外形进行优化，以减小畸变的影响。     

梯形翼高升力构型的数值模拟技术

基于雷诺平均Navier-Stokes(RANS)方程和结构网格技术,采用亚跨超声速平台(TRIP3.0),数值模拟了美国国家航空航天局(NASA)梯形翼构型。研究了控制方程、网格密度、流动转捩和初始条件等不同影响因素对气动特性的影响。风洞试验是2002年在NASA Langley 14ft×22ft亚声速风洞中完成的,试验结果包括了基本气动力和力矩、表面压力系数和边界层速度型分布。计算结果与试验数据的比较表明:求解完全的RANS方程,提高了翼梢涡的模拟精度;网格密度主要影响翼梢涡的强度;转捩模型提高了边界层的模拟精度,进而提高了升力系数、俯仰力矩系数的模拟精度;最大升力系数及失速迎角对初始条件具有依赖性。     

飞翼布局飞机开裂式方向舵的作用特性和使用特点

大展弦比飞翼布局飞机取消了垂尾和常规方向舵,通常采用大偏角的开裂式方向舵作为偏航操纵面.基于风洞试验数据,研究了开裂式方向舵的偏航操纵非线性、小偏角偏航舵效低、附加力效应显著和3轴操纵耦合等特性,并分析了其偏转对飞机气动特性和稳定特性的影响.总结了开裂式方向舵在各飞行任务阶段下的使用特点,如针对其小偏角偏航舵效低的特性...     

三维机翼结冰模拟

针对机翼结冰问题,利用欧拉法求解空气水滴两相流流场,通过Fluent软件用户自定义函数功能编程求解三维机翼表面水滴局部收集系数以及结冰情况.在计算中.将水溢流方向沿机翼弦向和展向分解,以此对Messinger结冰热力学模型进行改进,使之更符合三维情况,并在此基础上进行三维传质传热分析;修正传统的二维表面对流换热系数求解...