商用航空发动机转子部件的电子束焊接

现代商用航空发动机具有长寿命、高可靠性等要求,这对电子束焊接头的设计、制造及检测均提出了更高的要求。介绍了航空发动机转子部件电子束焊接结构及接头设计形式、检测要求,指出了针对商用航空发动机转子电子束焊需开展的研究工作。     

基于PCA-TN的直升机主减速器通用热分析计算

针对当前热分析方法无法满足直升机主减速器结构复杂多变的问题,提出了一种快速获取主减速器温度场分布的通用热分析方法。以典型直升机主减速器为样本,进行了主成分分析（principal component analysis,PCA）,并结合热网络法（thermal network,TN）,分析获得3种通用热分析单元体模型。对于不同结构的主减速器,通过单元体及其衍生体的组合可以迅速且有效地建立其系统热分析模型,求解获得温度场分布。以某直升机主减速器为例,应用该方法进行了热分析,并与试验进行了对比,结果表明:该方法能高效计算主减速器的温度场分布,计算值与试验值最大误差为5.07%,满足主减速器热分析工程计算需求。      

Aerodynamic optimization of rotor airfoil based on multi-layer hierarchical constraint method

Rotor airfoil design is investigated in this paper. There are many difficulties for this high-dimensional multi-objective problem when traditional multi-objective optimization methods are used. Therefore, a multi-layer hierarchical constraint method is proposed by coupling principal component analysis (PCA) dimensionality reduction and e-constraint method to translate the orig-inal high-dimensional problem into a bi-objective problem. This paper selects the main design objectives by conducting PCA to the preliminary solution of original problem with consideration of the priority of design objectives. According to the e-constraint method, the design model is estab-lished by treating the two top-ranking design goals as objective and others as variable constraints. A series of bi-objective Pareto curves will be obtained by changing the variable constraints, and the favorable solution can be obtained by analyzing Pareto curve spectrum. This method is applied to the rotor airfoil design and makes great improvement in aerodynamic performance. It is shown that the method is convenient and efficient, beyond which, it facilitates decision-making of the high-dimensional multi-objective engineering problem.     

一种鲁棒的概率核主成分分析模型

大数据时代面临的数据维数越来越高,对数据降维处理越发显得重要。经典的主成分分析模型已被证明是一种有效的数据降维方法。但它在处理非线性、存在噪声和异常点的数据时存在效果较差的问题。对此,文章提出了一种鲁棒概率核主成分分析模型。该模型将核方法与基于高斯隐变量模型的极大似然框架相结合,用多元 t分布作为先验分布,以同时解决主成分分析在这 3个方面的弊端。提出混合鲁棒概率核主成分分析模型,使其可直接用于对混合的非线性数据进行降维和聚类分析。在不同数据集上进行的实验结果表明,与标准的混合概率核主成分分析模型相比,文中模型在数据聚类方面有更高的准确率。     

Zr-Al-(Ni-Cu)合金的非晶形成能力及热学性能

采用喷射铜模铸造法研究了Ni和Cu含量对Zr-Al-(Ni-Cu)四元合金的非晶形成能力的影响.利用X射线衍射仪分析了铸态合金的相结构,利用差示扫描量热仪研究了非晶合金的热学性能.结果表明:Zr-Al-(Ni-Cu)四元合金的非晶形成能力远大于Zr-Al-Ni和Zr-Al-Cu三元合金的非晶形成能力.Zr65Al7.5Ni10Cu17.5合金显示最高的非晶形成能力,其非晶形成临界直径可以达到7 mm.相似元素Ni和Cu在一定比例下共存,使液态合金的熵值增加,自由能降低,从而有效提高了合金的非晶形成能力.     

逆升压电子设备冷却系统的微机控制

逆升压电子设备冷却系统具有两种冷却方式─—冲压空气冷却方式和空气循环冷却方式，必须要有一套控制机构来自动选择系统的冷却方式。文中分析了以往的机械传动控制方法和基于三点温度的微机控制方法，并指出这两种控制方法的缺点。最后提出一种新的基于飞行高度及马赫数的微机控制方法。     

浅谈部件维修质量体系的改进

通过对国际上流行的PDCA循环和可靠性思想的借鉴,客户关系的探讨,民航部件维修的现实状况,提出有针对性的改进措施,发挥质量体系预防性维修的职能,提高部件的可靠性.     

基于核主成分分析的空域复杂度无监督评估

空域复杂度评估作为衡量空域运行态势、管制员工作压力的关键手段,是运行调控的基础。由于影响因素众多,不同因素间耦合关联复杂,且标定样本很难获取,空域复杂度的准确评估被公认为航空领域的一个挑战性问题。提出了一种空域复杂度的无监督评估方法。首先通过核主成分分析挖掘原始样本各维度的非线性耦合关系,准确提取能够最大化复杂度评估信息量的主成分,进一步设计了可按需定制的主成分聚类方法,实现了无监督条件下空域复杂度的准确评估,为空域划分、流量管理提供了有效的技术支撑。     

Effect of protrusion amount on gas ingestion of radial rim seal

In this paper, the effect of different amount of protrusion on various parameters in rotor–stator system was experimentally studied by measuring CO₂ concentration and pressure, in order to obtain the optimal protrusion amount. The parameters of different dimensionless sealing flow were measured under the condition that the annulus Reynolds number was 4.39 × 10⁵ and the rotating Reynolds number was 1.05 × 10⁶. The results show that the change of the amount of protrusions has little effect on the static pressure in the cavity, and the static pressure change near the sealing ring is almost negligible. But the total pressure and sealing efficiency increase first and then decrease with the increase of the amount of protrusion. The variation of power consumption is the same. A complex vortex structure will appear at the high radius region when the protrusion is installed. On the other hand, the protrusion can effectively reduce the minimum sealing flow of the rotor–stator cavity. Furthermore, considering the sealing efficiency and power consumption, the best range of the protrusion amount is about 36. The ratio near this range can optimally balance the alleviation of the gas ingestion and the reduction of the power consumption.     

飞机整体结构件加工变形的有限元模拟与试验研究

在模拟淬火、拉伸过程获得含有初始残余应力的预拉伸板材以及模拟单齿切削过程获得切削载荷的基础上,提出并采用接力算法,对一航空整体结构件的材料铣削过程进行有限元仿真,同时进行了试验研究.结果表明,有限元模拟的整体结构件的变形与试验具有一致性,从而证明提出的整体结构件加工仿真关键技术的可行性,避免了为研究加工变形而进行的繁琐的试错法.