基于WCFSE-FSVM的转子振动故障诊断方法

为了提高含有噪声和野值的转子振动故障样本诊断精度,提出了基于WCFSE-FSVM的故障诊断方法。充分融合小波相关特征尺度熵(WCFSE)特征提取方法和FSVM故障诊断方法的优点,建立WCFSE-FSVM故障诊断模型。基于转子实验台模拟4种典型故障,获得原始故障数据;并利用WCFSE方法提取这些故障数据的WCFSE值,选取故障信号高频段中的尺度1和尺度2上的小波相关特征尺度熵W1和W2构造出振动信号的故障向量作为故障样本,建立FSVM诊断模型。实例分析显示:WCFSE-FSVM方法的转子故障诊断精度最高,即故障类别诊断精度为94.49%,故障严重程度的诊断精度为95.58%,二者都优于其它故障诊断方法。验证了WCFSE-FSVM方法的可行性和有效性。      

航空发动机平衡工艺技术的发展

论述了航空发动机转子平衡技术在国内外的发展状况,重点介绍了刚性转子和柔性转子平衡法及本机平衡法,并对该项技术在国内应如何发展,提出了建议。     

直升机旋翼非定常气动力及结构动力响应计算

以二维非定常Ｎａｖｉｅｒ－Ｓｔｏｋｅｓ方程为模型方程,采用Ｊａｍｅｓｏｎ有限体积并引入变系数隐式残值光顺及固接网格计算了直升机旋翼不同展向位置处翼剖面的非定常气动力,进而采用插值的方法模拟直升机在悬停及前飞状态下,旋翼的桨叶所受的非常气动力载荷,并将之与桨叶的结构振动方程相耦合,求解其时域内的结构响应,非定常下气动力计算结果与实验结果做了对比,两者比较吻合,旋翼结构响应计算结果合理。     

燃气轮机转子动力特性分析的旋转对称有限元模型

本文给出了燃气轮机转子临界转速和不平衡响应计算分析的旋转对称有限元模型,付立叶级数的引入可以使得三维转子只在一个基础扇区上使用三维单元建立有限元模型。与梁单元相比,实体单元能准确描述转子的几何形状。文中给出了一个验证性算例和一个工程实例。      

悬停状态下无铰旋翼模型气弹稳定性试验

通过悬停状态下2m直径旋翼模型试验, 研究了旋翼结构参数及动力学参数对无铰旋翼桨叶气弹稳定性的影响, 参数包括桨叶总距角、预锥角、预掠角、摆振频率和旋翼转速。桨叶为挥-摆-扭耦合结构, 并能构成面内柔软和面内刚硬旋翼。试验采用在垂直方向以摆振后退型频率进行周期变距激振的新方法, 得到了与理论相一致的结论。      

叶根间隙泄漏流对跨声压气机转子性能的影响

为研究压气机转子上游叶根轴向间隙泄漏流对转子性能的影响程度以及泄漏流与转子流场之间的相互作用机制,对带有叶根泄漏流的跨声压气机转子流场进行了数值模拟。计算时分别采用了两种模化途径,即耦合求解转子上游叶根间隙内空腔与转子通道内的流场,以及求解将叶根间隙模化为进口边界的转子流场。结果表明:叶根泄漏流可使叶根附近流动堵塞增大,造成转子气动性能的恶化。另外,叶根泄漏流的周向速度分量越大,泄漏流对转子流场的不利影响也越大。     

发动机转子系统早期故障特征提取方法

对飞机发动机转子系统早期故障特点进行分析的基础上,提出了利用虚拟仪器和Matlab小波工具箱分析软件对其早期故障进行检测和特征提取的方法.文中对早期故障特征量的选取、有用信号与噪声信号的分离方法、突变信号与奇异信号的特征提取等进行了分析和研究,并以转子早期碰摩和早期不平衡为例进行了实验研究.结果表明,Labview和Matlab小波分析软件相结合,能够快速有效地提取发动机转子系统的早期故障特征,为发动机转子系统早期故障的快速识别提供了一种新途径.     

Study on dynamic stiffness of supporting structure and its influence on vibration of rotors

The dynamic response of the rotor depends on not only itself but also the dynamical characteristics of the structures that support it. In this paper, the coupling vibration characteristics of the rotor and supporting structure are studied using one simple rotor-supports model firstly, and then the dynamic stiffness of the typical supporting structure of an aero-engine is investigated in use of both numerical and experimental methods. While, one simulation strategy is developed to include dynamic...     

Parametric analyses for synthetic jet control on separation and stall over rotor airfoil

Numerical simulations are performed to investigate the effects of synthetic jet control on separation and stall over rotor airfoils. The preconditioned and unsteady Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes equations coupled with a k x shear stream transport turbulence model are employed to accomplish the flowfield simulation of rotor airfoils under jet control. Additionally,a velocity boundary condition modeled by a sinusoidal function is developed to fulfill the perturbation effect of periodic jets. The validity of the present CFD procedure is evaluated by the simulated results of an isolated synthetic jet and the jet control case for airfoil NACA0015. Then, parametric analyses are conducted specifically for an OA213 rotor airfoil to investigate the effects of jet parameters(forcing frequency, jet location and momentum coefficient, jet direction, and distribution of jet arrays) on the control effect of the aerodynamic characteristics of a rotor airfoil. Preliminary results indicate that the efficiency of jet control can be improved with specific frequencies(the best lift-drag ratio at F+= 2.0) and jet angles(40 or 75) when the jets are located near the separation point of the rotor airfoil. Furthermore, as a result of a suitable combination of jet arrays, the lift coefficient of the airfoil can be improved by nearly 100%, and the corresponding drag coefficient decreased by26.5% in comparison with the single point control case.     

A novel control method for turboshaft engine with variable rotor speed based on the Ngdot estimator through LQG/LTR and rotor predicted torque feedforward

In order to compensate for the disturbance of wide variation in rotor demanded torque on power turbine speed and realize the fast response control of turboshaft engine during variable rotor speed, a cascade PID control method based on the acceleration estimator of gas turbine speed (Ngdot) and rotor predicted torque feedforward is proposed. Firstly, a two-speed Dual Clutch Transmission (DCT) model is applied in the integrated rotor/turboshaft engine system to achieve variable rotor speed. Then, an online estimation method of Ngdot based on the Linear Quadratic Gaussian with Loop Transfer Recovery (LQG/LTR) is proposed for power turbine speed cascade control. Finally, according to the cascade PID controller based on Ngdot estimator, a rotor demanded torque predicted method based on the Min-batch Gradient Descent-Neural Network (MGD-NN) is put forward to compromise the influence of rotor torque interference. The simulation results show that compared with cascade PID controller based on Ngdot estimator and the one combined with collective pitch feedforward control, the novel control method proposed can reduce the overshoot of power turbine speed by more than 20%, which possesses faster response, superior dynamic effect and satisfactory robustness performance. The control method proposed can realize the fast response control of turboshaft engine with variable rotor speed better.