一种翼身融合飞行器的失速特性研究

翼身融合（BWB）布局飞行器作为下一代商用飞机的主要构型之一，越来越受到重视。对于翼身融合飞行器的研究主要针对其巡航状态的特性，而对其失速特性的研究较少。对一种翼身融合客机构型进行风洞试验研究，采用测力试验方法对其无增升装置的构型，以及具有翼梢小翼、前缘缝翼和机身上部双吊舱的组合部件构型下的纵向特性进行研究，特别是对其失速特性的分析，并通过二维粒子图像测试技术以及油流试验对其失速过程的流动机理进行研究。结果表明，无增升装置的基本构型下，翼身融合飞行器可以保持低速飞行，而各组合构型都具有提高最大升力系数的作用。对失速过程的分析表明，随着迎角的增大，飞机表面流场分离区域从翼梢开始逐渐向翼根以及机身发展，当外翼段完全处于分离区域时，飞机并不会马上失速，因为中心体同样具有提供升力的作用，且中心体的流动分离较外翼的流动分离更晚，所以当外翼在失速迎角出现升力损失时可以通过中心体的升力进行补偿，维持其低速飞行状态，真正的失速发生在中心体出现流动分离之后。     

Unbiased acceleration measurements with an electrostatic accelerometer on a rotating platform

The Gravity Advanced Package is an instrument composed of an electrostatic accelerometer called MicroSTAR and a rotating platform called Bias Rejection System. It aims at measuring with no bias the non-gravitational acceleration of a spacecraft. It is envisioned to be embarked on an interplanetary spacecraft as a tool to test the laws of gravitation.     

Recent development of casing treatments for aero-engine compressors

Casing treatment is a mature stabilization technique which has been widely applied on aero-engines for modern aircrafts and turbo-chargers for automobiles. After the investigations of half century since the 1960s, this technique has been well developed for various configurations with different effectiveness. From the perspective of stabilization mechanism, this paper roughly categorizes the configurations of casing treatment into two types: traditional ones which work by affecting the flow structure of blade tip region; a novel one named as Stall Precursor-Suppressed (SPS) casing treatment. The effectiveness of both types will be demonstrated for their applications on axial compressors and centrifugal compressors with uniform or distorted inlet. And the stabilization mechanism of casing treatments for regular types and SPS one will also be explained respectively. In addition, this review will summarize the methodologies of casing treatments with the numerical simulations for regular grooved configurations and the eigenvalue approach for SPS casing treatment. Looking forward to the future of compressor stabilization, casing treatment technique will still exist as a general and inexpensive option, and the exploration for its effectiveness and mechanism will be deeper with the development of computational fluid dynamics and advanced measurement techniques.     

积冰几何特性对翼型性能影响的神经网络预测

积冰几何形状对翼型气动系数的影响是复杂的.采用BP(Back Propagation)神经网络的LM(Levenberg-Marguardt)学习算法,建立明冰的典型几何特性(冰角前缘半径、冰角高度和冰角位置)对翼型气动系数影响的神经网络,得到该3种几何参数对气动系数影响的规律;建立了典型冰形参数对最大升力系数影响的神经网络,该网络能很好的预测冰形参数对应的最大升力系数值;此外,建立了冰型位置对舵面铰链力矩系数影响的神经网络.仿真结果表明,BP神经网络仿真结果与实验值具有高度一致性,并能预测非实验值条件下的气动系数;翼型表面积冰位置变化对气动系数影响最大;铰链力矩系数在失速迎角达到之前就发生突变,可以更安全地用来预测失速的发生.      

基于小波分析的航空发动机旋转失速检测方法

对试车检测到的压气机旋转失速压力数据,进行了小波降噪处理,并对处理后的数据进行多分辨分析,利用dN层小波系数重构相关频带内的压力信号分量,当重构信号某处的幅值超过给定阀值时,认为检测到了失速。研究结果表明,小波分解能有效地区分信号中的突变部分和噪声,达到降噪的目的;对不同采样频率的压力数据进行分析,给出了相应的阀值,对dN层重构信号进行监测,能有效检测到旋转失速的发生。      

失速起始检测的平均数值差分方法

为在压气机整机进入深度失速前检测到失速起始信号,提出了一种基于平均数值差分的短周期扰动检测方法。应用该方法对某轴流式压气机压力测量数据进行了分析。结果表明,平均数值差分方法可准确地在该压气机深度失速前0.02～0.05s检测到失速起始信号,具有一定的工程应用价值。      

变质心旋转弹头变结构控制研究

针对弹头变质心这种新的控制方式,建立了变质心旋转弹头准弹体下的动力学模型,由于模型是复杂非线性的,通过按线性化族近似化理论对模型进行了合理简化,并用变结构控制理论对系统的姿态控制进行了设计,仿真结果表明,所设计的变质心弹头变结构姿态控制具有很好的快速性、稳定性,而且相对减小了抖震现象,证明这种方法是有效的。     

J7L 飞机小速度机动试飞初探

在飞行试验的基础上，依据实际飞行中的机载测试记录和飞行体会，分别介绍了Ｊ７Ｌ飞机在作超临界盘旋、跃升回转、尾冲和小速度斤斗四个高难度小速度机动动作时，各自的进入条件、驾驶技术要领、动作特点和需要注意的问题。可供从事过失速飞行试验、战术机动研究的技术人员和飞行人员参考。     

Airfoil Aeroelastic Flutter Analysis Based on Modified Leishman-Beddoes Model at Low Mach Number

Based on modified Leishman-Beddoes (L-B) state space model at low Mach number (lower than 0.3), the airfoil aeroelastic system is presented in this paper. The main modifications for L-B model include a new dynamic stall criterion and revisions of normal force and pitching moment coefficient. The bifurcation diagrams, the limit cycle oscillation (LCO) phase plane plots and the time domain response figures are applied to investigating the stall flutter bifurcation behavior of airfoil aeroelastic systems with symmetry or asymmetry. It is shown that the symmetric periodical oscillation happens after subcritical bifurcation caused by dynamic stall, and the asymmetric periodical oscillation, which is caused by the interaction of dynamic stall and static divergence, only happens in the airfoil aeroelastic system with asymmetry. Validations of the modified L-B model and the airfoil aeroelastic system are presented with the experimental airload data of NACA0012 and OA207 and experimental stall flutter data of NACA0012 respectively. Results demonstrate that the airfoil aeroelastic system presented in this paper is effective and accurate, which can be applied to the investigation of airfoil stall flutter at low Mach number.     

空间对接试验台转动模拟装置的试验研究

针对空间对接试验台中二维转动实现的设计难点问题,提出了非常规应用的新型抗弯件及十字轴机械结构方案。使整个系统在大负载和高撞击力的特殊情况下,结构具有高可靠性;大大降低了转动摩擦力矩,使转动模拟装置具有良好的随动运动特性;结构尺寸紧凑,减小了与结构尺寸关系密切的航天器惯量模拟误差;质量轻,使试验台其余子系统的设计有一定余量。采用缩比方法研制了试验装置。试验结果表明,主动转动模拟装置的最大静摩擦力矩仅为8.8445Nm,远小于80 Nm的指标要求。所设计的转动模拟装置能够满足对接试验台总体和其它分系统的要求。