阳极层霍尔推力器内轮辐效应不稳定性研究

为研究圆柱形阳极层霍尔推力器内轮辐效应的不稳定性,利用高速相机和静电探针得到1-2-1模式、1-2-3-1模式和1-2-3-2-1模式的轮辐分裂与合并现象。随着磁感应强度由205Gs增加到225Gs,轮辐个数m由1增加到3。轮辐的分裂与合并模式增多,且轮辐的旋转频率随之由25kHz提高到40kHz～50kHz。轮辐效应的存在是电子密度分布函数的宏观体现,动理论方程中力F的波动引起了轮辐的分裂,随着轮辐个数m的增加,电子分布的低频大幅度波动逐渐演变为小幅度高频率的波动。电子密度分布函数的波动引起的轮辐效应产生了角向分布的电场强度与磁场共同作用,增强了电子轴向漂移运动。     

Self-similar flow of a rotating dusty gas behind the shock wave with increasing energy, conduction and radiation heat flux

A self-similar solution is obtained for one dimensional adiabatic flow behind a cylindrical shock wave propagating in a rotating dusty gas in presence of heat conduction and radiation heat flux with increasing energy. The dusty gas is assumed to be a mixture of non-ideal (or perfect) gas and small solid particles, in which solid particles are continuously distributed. It is assumed that the equilibrium flow-condition is maintained and variable energy input is continuously supplied by the piston (or inner expanding surface). The heat conduction is expressed in terms of Fourier’s law and the radiation is considered to be of the diffusion type for an optically thick grey gas model. The thermal conductivity K and the absorption coefficient α_R are assumed to vary with temperature only. In order to obtain the similarity solutions the initial density of the ambient medium is assumed to be constant and the angular velocity of the ambient medium is assumed to be decreasing as the distance from the axis increases. The effects of the variation of the heat transfer parameters and non-idealness of the gas in the mixture are investigated. The effects of an increase in (i) the mass concentration of solid particles in the mixture and (ii) the ratio of the density of solid particles to the initial density of the gas on the flow variables are also investigated.     

液体火箭发动机诱导轮旋转汽蚀分析

超同步旋转汽蚀和次同步旋转汽蚀是液体火箭发动机诱导轮旋转汽蚀现象的两种类型。为了揭示它们之间的差异,完成了Tsujimoto旋转汽蚀计算模型的理论求解,开展了旋转汽蚀现象的数值计算。结果表明,旋转汽蚀两种类型发生时,质量流量增益系数M都发生周期性变化。当超同步旋转汽蚀发生时,M>0;而当次同步旋转汽蚀发生时,M值的变化范围更广。由于在设计工况点附近,通常有M>0,因此在多数情况下很难观测到次同步旋转汽蚀。     

推进式螺旋桨飞行中桨叶温度测量与尾气防冰性能评估

为研究某推进式布局螺旋桨表面温度分布特性,评估发动机尾气防冰功能,对螺旋桨进行了飞行中的温度测量试验,在桨叶上布置了Pt100热电阻和K型热电偶,通过无线近距遥测系统实现信号传输,测量螺旋桨在不同高度和发动机状态飞行时的表面温度,结果表明桨叶前缘尾气显著影响区温度随半径增加先升高后降低,桨叶最大厚度处温度则随半径增大呈先降低后升高趋势;飞行高度增加会导致桨叶温度显著下降,在同一高度内增大燃气发生器转速可引起桨叶温度小幅升高。根据相关标准和文献得到桨叶表面临界结冰判据,表明在5km螺旋桨防冰功能有效,在7km部分位置存在结冰风险,在8.5km防冰功能完全失效。     

对GPS／INS制导巡航导弹GPS干扰方法的探讨

目前GPS/INS制导已成为精确制导武器的核心。本文根据GPS信号特点及GPS/INS制导机理,通过对压制干扰和欺骗干扰技术及其对GPS接收机影响的分析,着重探讨对GPS/INS制导巡航导弹GPS干扰的方法。若要提高对GPS/INS制导巡航导弹实施远距离干扰的效果,而又使干扰机功率不是很大,则需建立多层次、分布式、立体式、小功率GPS干扰体系。     

附加速度先验信息的车载GPS/INS/Odometer组合导航算法

在GPS/INS车辆组合导航中,GPS信号易受外界干扰而失锁。针对INS单独导航误差迅速累积的问题,在利用速度先验信息辅助INS导航的基础上,加入Odometer观测信息,提高了系统的可观测性和导航精度;另外提出了改进的位置修正法,即不直接利用状态估值修正位置,而是用修正后的速度推算位置。实测算例结果表明,与INS单独导航相比较,采用速度先验信息,提高了载体速度精度,采用改进的位置修正方法,位置精度有大幅度提高;在此基础上加入Odometer观测信息,位置和速度精度得到进一步改善。     

一种解大旋翼类雷达目标微Doppler模糊的方法

在单通道模式下,当雷达目标旋转半径比较大时,脉冲重复频率与微多普勒带宽之间可能会出现欠采样的情形,导致在时频面上发生微多普勒混叠,从而不能得到完整的微多普勒信息。针对此问题,提出了一种基于双通道干涉处理的解大旋翼类雷达目标微多普勒模糊的方法。文中详细推导了该模式下此类目标引起的微多普勒频率和微多普勒带宽的参数化表达式,分析表明其微多普勒带宽受一个正弦因子的调制而显著减小,从而使其满足香农采样定理,避免了微多普勒模糊现象。最后,数值仿真表明了理论推导和所述方法的正确性。     

旋转涡轮叶片端部气膜冷却的数值计算

旋转情况下,考虑离心力场的浮升力以及科氏力对流动的影响,用SIMPLE方法,k-ε湍流模型,并考虑了壁面函数,数值模拟了叶片端部的气膜冷却。和以往观点不同的是:旋转叶片与非旋转的相比,绝热温比高,气膜冷却有所改善,但换热系数大,并初步分析了原因。      

A high-order model of rotating stall in axial compressors with inlet distortion

In this paper,a high-order distortion model is proposed for analyzing the rotating stall inception process induced by inlet distortion in axial compressors.A distortion-generating screen in the compressor inlet is considered.By assuming a quadratic function for the local flow total pressure-drop,the existing Mansoux model is extended to include the effects of static inlet distor tion,and a new high-order distortion model is derived.To illustrate the effectiveness of the distortion model,numerical simulations are performed on an eighteenth-order model.It is demonstrated that long length-scale disturbances emerge out of the distorted background flow,and further induce the onset of rotating stall in advance.In addition,the circumferential non-uniform distribution and time evolution of the axial flow are also shown to be consistent with the existing features.It is thus shown that the high-order distortion model is capable of describing the transient behavior of stall inception and will contribute further to stall detection under inlet distortion.     

爆震发动机研究进展

爆震是实现增压燃烧的一种重要途径,得益于爆震循环的热效率增益,基于爆震构建的推进装置具有显著的理论性能优势,有希望推动航空航天动力技术的跨越发展.本文在总结经典爆震理论和爆震推进相关的基础科学问题进展的基础上,进一步介绍了连续旋转爆震发动机的低阶模型建立方法以及涡轮式和冲压式连续旋转爆震发动机性能分析等方面的研究进展,...