基于粒子云方法研究地磁场对运动电子束的时空分布影响

空间电荷效应是空间带电粒子分布直接产生的相关效应,对于理解空间辐射环境有着重要意义。为研究地球磁场对空间电荷效应的影响,文章通过数值求解Poisson方程和相对论粒子运动方程,建立粒子云（particle-in-cell, PIC）自洽模型,并构建地球偶极子磁场模型作为内磁层背景磁场（空间分布L值为3～7）。在模型基础上,给出内磁层典型电子束结构（能量0.1～100 keV）的两种初始分布（Uniform和Gaussian分布）,模拟电子束在地磁场影响下的动力学过程。结果表明：电子束结构受地磁场影响出现纵向的整体偏转,并由于自场效应产生了纵向的拉伸和横向的发散;电子束整体的偏转角主要受地磁场强弱以及电子束运动与磁场夹角影响,而拉伸和发散效应则主要受电子束能量等参数所影响。     

ZnO纳米棒阵列/QCM超疏水空间污染气敏传感器性能研究

空间环境污染监测中,石英晶体微天平（QCM）传感器可通过增加比表面积增强对有机污染分子的吸附能力,通过表面超疏水化减小水分子的影响,从而提高传感器的探测精度。文章采用水热法在QCM表面制备 ZnO纳米棒阵列膜,并对其形貌和物化性能进行实验测试。研究结果表明：ZnO纳米棒的顶端呈六边形,属于六方纤锌矿结构;ZnO纳米棒沿(002)晶面择优生长,具有较低的表面自由能;纳米棒之间存在空隙,表面接触角可达150°,表现出超疏水性能;ZnO纳米棒阵列增加了有机分子的吸附位点,使石英晶振吸附有机分子的能力更强;同时,ZnO纳米棒阵列具有一定的光催化性能,140 min内光催化降解罗丹明B的效率约为35.5%。以上研究工作可为空间环境有机分子污染监测提供技术参考。     

基于干扰距离控制的直升机桨-涡干扰噪声降噪方法

提出了一种适用于直升机旋翼桨-涡干扰距离计算的方法.针对桨-涡干扰距离计算中必需的旋翼桨盘入流及桨盘倾角,又分别建立了旋翼耦合N-S(Navier-Stokes)/自由尾迹模型和桨盘配平模型进行求解,其特点是兼顾计算精度和计算效率;并从悬停、前飞两方面验证了方法的有效性.应用所建立的桨-涡干扰距离计算方法,着重分析了直...     

Coronal mass ejection detection using wavelets,curvelets and ridgelets: Applications for space weather monitoring

Coronal mass ejections (CMEs) are large-scale eruptions of plasma and magnetic field that can produce adverse space weather at Earth and other locations in the Heliosphere. Due to the intrinsic multiscale nature of features in coronagraph images, wavelet and multiscale image processing techniques are well suited to enhancing the visibility of CMEs and suppressing noise. However, wavelets are better suited to identifying point-like features, such as noise or background stars, than to enhancing the visibility of the curved form of a typical CME front. Higher order multiscale techniques, such as ridgelets and curvelets, were therefore explored to characterise the morphology (width, curvature) and kinematics (position, velocity, acceleration) of CMEs. Curvelets in particular were found to be well suited to characterising CME properties in a self-consistent manner. Curvelets are thus likely to be of benefit to autonomous monitoring of CME properties for space weather applications.     

Exploration and implementation of commonality valuation method in commercial aircraft family design

Commercial aircraft family design can reduce development costs, shorten development cycles, and expand the market coverage of aircraft. Commercial aircraft family development has become one of the most important features of modern aircraft design. This paper explores the effects of commonality on different aircraft models in a commercial aircraft family. The existing product commonality indexes are summarized and their limitations in the application to aircraft design are discussed. Then a new component commonality index is proposed based on the component decomposition structure. A model for calculating the aircraft program value is established,which considers development costs, manufacturing costs, sale price, operation costs and residual costs. The effects of aircraft commonality on time and economic costs of both development and manufacturing, and on sale price, are analyzed and quantified. The commonality evaluation strategy is obtained, which features comprehensive consideration of the aircraft program value and time costs. The break-even analysis of aircraft is proceeded on the basis of costs and price data. By using a real option method, the strategy considers the uncertainty of the aircraft program and the flexibility of the manufacturer. This strategy proves to be rational and applicable to aircraft design based on the calculation of three examples and the analysis of parameter sensitivity.     

Contamination of short GRBs by giant magnetar flares: Significance of downward revision in distance to SGR 1806–20

We highlight how the downward revision in the distance to the star cluster associated with SGR 1806–20 by Bibby et al. (2008) reconciles the apparent low contamination of BATSE short GRBs by intense flares from extragalactic magnetars without recourse to modifying the frequency of one such flare per 30 years per Milky Way galaxy. We also discuss the variety in progenitor initial masses of magnetars based upon cluster ages, ranging from ∼50 M_⊙ for SGR 1806–20 and AXP CXOU J164710.2–455216 in Westerlund 1 to ∼17 M_⊙ for SGR 1900+14 according to Davies et al. (2009) and presumably also 1E 1841–045 if it originated from one of the massive RSG clusters #2 or #3.     

Evaluation and improvement of coastal GNSS reflectometry sea level variations from existing GNSS stations in Taiwan

Global sea level rise due to an increasingly warmer climate has begun to induce hazards, adversely affecting the lives and properties of people residing in low-lying coastal regions and islands. Therefore, it is important to monitor and understand variations in coastal sea level covering offshore regions. Signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) data of Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) have been successfully used to robustly derive sea level heights (SLHs). In Taiwan, there are a number of continuously operating GNSS stations, not originally installed for sea level monitoring. They were established in harbors or near coastal regions for monitoring land motion. This study utilizes existing SNR data from three GNSS stations (Kaohsiung, Suao, and TaiCOAST) in Taiwan to compute SLHs with two methods, namely, Lomb–Scargle Periodogram (LSP)-only, and LSP aided with tidal harmonic analysis developed in this study. The results of both methods are compared with co-located or nearby tide gauge records. Due to the poor quality of SNR data, the worst accuracy of SLHs derived from traditional LSP-only method exceeds 1?m at the TaiCOAST station. With our procedure, the standard deviations (STDs) of difference between GNSS-derived SLHs and tide gauge records in Kaohsiung and Suao stations decreased to 10?cm and the results show excellent agreement with tide gauge derived relative sea level records, with STD of differences of 7?cm and correlation coefficient of 0.96. In addition, the absolute GNSS-R sea level trend in Kaohsiung during 2006–2011 agrees well with that derived from satellite altimetry. We conclude that the coastal GNSS stations in Taiwan have the potential of monitoring absolute coastal sea level change accurately when our proposed methodology is used.     

强不确定系统“全系数之和等于1”的实现方法

摘要： 研究强不确定系统“全系数之和等于1”的实现方法，强不确定系统指的是系统的静态增益及其界不完全确知且范围较大.“全系数之和等于1”是吴宏鑫院士20世纪80年代发现的，该原理表明，对于未知连续系统，其离散化系统的系数的和在一定条件下是1.该原理的发现对于解决闭环辨识和自适应控制的瓶颈问题具有关键作用.“全系数之和等于1”是在一定条件下成立的.为了实现系统的“全系数之和等于1”，需要对系统进行一定的变换，以满足所需条件.其中，采用静态增益的标称值的倒数进行输入变换的方法在实际中得到了广泛应用.但是，当系统的不确定性较大时，该变换将带来较大偏差.针对该问题开展了深入研究，明确给出了系统静态增益的不确定性与标称值的比值的关系对于实现“全系数之和等于1”的影响.当不确定性与标称值的比值较小时，可以近似实现“全系数之和等于1”；当比值较大时，进一步给出了通过选取合适的采样周期，近似实现“全系数之和等于1”的方法.本文的研究对于特征模型理论在实际中的应用提供了一定的基础.     

基于层次分析法的综合射频架构选取技术研究

综合射频系统是作战飞机航空电子系统的重要组成部分，它们是作战飞机通过无线电方式感知外界信息的重要系统。系统架构的选取直接影响了飞机的作战性能，针对以往架构选取依赖大量定性分析而缺乏定量对比问题，提出了基于层次分析法的综合射频架构选取技术，该技术能够有效地根据不同的任务需求和平台需求，综合考虑定量和定性因素，给出更为合理对比分析结果，为综合射频系统的系统设计提供技术支撑。该技术也可推广到航空领域其他多目标决策问题的应用。