复合材料构架式卫星接头自动铺丝成型仿真研究

在七轴自动铺丝机器人加工单元上以构架式卫星接头为对象研究了自动铺丝的加工成形仿真,设计了接头的形状和自动铺丝基本线型;根据D H法建立机器人的各坐标系,应用OpenGL编程接口和VisualC++集成开发环境,设计了0°、90°和±45°三个角度的仿真模块,开发了包括芯模设计、铺丝线型仿真和七轴机器人成形运动仿真等功能的SimJoint系统软件;为深入研究自动铺丝技术提供了一个基本研究平台。     

卫星有效载荷的规划与调度

卫星有效载荷的规划与调度要求是指卫星根据自身资源情况合理安排各个载荷的工作状态，在满足各种资源约束的条件下实现资源的优化配置。有效载荷的规划与调度可以归结为典型的资源受限的规划与调度问题。本文以对地观测卫星的有效载荷系统为例，分析了卫星的资源特点和载荷的工作特性，在此基础上提出了一种有效载荷规划与调度的方法。仿真实例表明了算法的可行性。     

改进的广义特征空间波束形成算法

常规的线性约束最小方差波束形成器在系统存在指向误差时性能会急剧下降。广义特征空间波束形成算法将线性约束法和特征空间法相结合,获得了较好的稳健性。但是这种方法只能在一定的指向误差范围内保持性能稳定,当指向误差较大而使期望信号落在预定波束主瓣边缘时,其性能将严重恶化。对广义特征空间波束形成算法进行改进,提出一种对较大指向误差也具有稳健性的波束形成方法,方法利用矢量旋转法对预定导向矢量进行校正,用校正后的导向矢量替换原算法中的预定导向矢量,以获得权向量。计算机仿真证实了方法的有效性。     

改进差分进化算法求解多成像卫星调度问题

针对多成像卫星联合调度规划建模难度大和求解复杂度高等问题,通过分析成像卫星的成像过程和工作原理,将成像卫星调度过程分为调度预处理、任务规划和调度优化3个阶段。在调度规划过程中,建立了多星联合调度约束满足最优化模型,采用启发式算法思想,定义了个体适应度评估函数,设计了任务冲突消解方法,提出了一种改进的差分进化算法。在此基础上,采用一些确定性规则对调度规划方案可行解进行了评估和二次优化。结果表明:提出的成像卫星调度问题求解方法能够有效地分配卫星资源,生成优化的调度方案。设计结果也能够为卫星系统最优化设计和效能评估提供必要的决策支持。     

最差性能最优的稳健宽带Capon波束形成算法

针对常规Capon波束形成易受期望信号导向矢量失配的影响,提出了一种基于广义特征值分解的稳健宽带Capon波束形成算法。算法利用空间响应偏差约束实现宽带频率不变波束形成,同时增加期望信号导向矢量的不确定集约束,改善了算法对导向矢量偏差的稳健性,推导出自适应权矢量的两类近似闭式解。仿真结果表明,与现有的稳健宽带波束形成算法相比,算法在改善波束频响一致性的同时,提高了阵列输出信干噪比,对期望信号导向矢量的误差具有很好的稳健性。     

柔性臂约束/非约束模态降维模型精度分析

针对柔性机械臂约束、非约束模态降维的动力学绝对误差问题,可采用有限元法描述柔性变形,并应用拉格朗日法建立其动力学模型,分别利用约束和非约束模态进行降维,来比对两种降维方法的绝对精度。仿真结果表明:约束、非约束模态降维模型都具有较高的动力学精度,取相同阶数的非约束模态动力学精度更高,而约束模态的误差具有随时间累积的特点。     

高超声速飞行器新型预设性能控制器设计

针对强不确定、多约束条件下高超声速飞行器的控制性能问题, 提出一种新型、同时保证高超声速飞行器瞬态响应和稳态性能的鲁棒预设性能控制器设计方法。首先, 设计一种新型、时变、对数型障碍Lyapunov函数, 结合动态面法, 在保证高超声速飞行器高度和速度子系统稳态跟踪误差精度的同时, 还能确保其收敛速度、超调量等瞬态响应性能;与传统的预设性能方法相比, 该方法无需误差转化, 降低了设计的复杂度。然后, 针对模型和外部扰动不确定问题, 设计了自适应、非线性干扰观测器对不确定的上界进行估计并引入控制律。此外, 还引入辅助误差子系统, 降低高超声速飞行器执行机构饱和对闭环系统的影响。最后, 通过Lyapunov稳定性理论证明了闭环系统所有状态均有界。仿真结果验校了本文控制器设计的有效性。     

考虑视场角约束的捷联导引与控制一体化设计

针对现有导引与控制一体化设计方法在用于捷联战术导弹时存在无法保证弹目视线满足导引头视场角约束的问题,将捷联解耦原理和状态约束控制方法相结合提出一种新型考虑视场角约束的捷联导引与控制一体化设计方法。首先引入捷联解耦原理建立捷联导引与控制一体化设计模型,将其转换为严格反馈系统;其次,针对系统模型存在的不确定扰动,设计了一种对不确定上界平方进行估计的自适应律;第三,针对视场角约束问题,采用积分型障碍Lyapunov函数结合动态面控制设计了一体化导引与控制规律。最后通过Lyapunov理论证明了闭环系统的稳定性和所有信号的一致有界。数值仿真结果校验了设计方法的有效性。     

Three-dimensional cooperative guidance strategy and guidance law for intercepting highly maneuvering target

Cooperative interception of the target with strong maneuverability by multiple missiles with weak maneuverability in the three-dimensional nonlinear model is studied. Firstly, the three-dimensional nonlinear model of cooperative guidance is established. The three-dimensional reachable region is represented composed of lateral acceleration and longitudinal acceleration in the two-dimensional coordinate system. Secondly, the problem of the multiple missile's reachable coverage area is transformed into the problem of cooperative coverage. A cooperative coverage strategy is proposed and an algorithm for quickly calculating the number of required missiles is designed. Then, the guidance law based on the cooperative coverage strategy is proposed, and it is proved that cooperative interception of the target can be achieved under the acceleration limit. Moreover, the relations among the number of missiles, the initial array position of terminal guidance and the coverage area of the target’s large maneuver are analyzed. The dynamic adjustment strategy of guidance parameters is proposed to reduce the guidance error. Finally, simulation results show that multiple missiles with low maneuverability can achieve effective interception of target with strong maneuverability through the proposed cooperative strategy and cooperative guidance method.     

Guaranteed performance based adaptive attitude tracking of spacecraft with control constraints

The guaranteed performance control problem of spacecraft attitude tracking with control constraint, disturbance and time-varying inertia parameters is investigated. A new saturation function is designed to satisfy different magnitude constraints by introducing a piecewise smooth asymmetric Gauss error function. Based on the mean-value theorem, the constrained problem is transformed into an unconstrained control design subject to an unknown bounded coefficient matrix. To satisfy the constraints by performance functions, a tracking error constrained control is developed based on a hyperbolic arc-tangent asymmetric barrier Lyapunov function (BLF). In the backstepping framework, an adaptive robust control law is proposed by employing a smooth robust term simultaneously counteracting the parametric and non-parametric uncertainties, where the unknown coefficient matrix resulting from the control constraint is compensated by a Nussbaum function matrix. Rigorous stability analysis indicates that the proposed control law realizes the asymptotically tracking of spacecraft attitude and that the tracking error remains in a prescribed set which implies the achievement of the guaranteed transient performance. Numerical simulations validate the proposed theoretical results.