某型发动机压气机转子叶片叶尖裂纹故障排除方案试验验证

针对某型发动机压气机转子叶片叶尖裂纹故障,制订了4种排故方案。进行了振动特性、应力分布测量及台架动频动应力测量对比试验,对各排故方案作出了评价,从而确定了最终的排故方案。试验表明4种排故方案均能有效降低振动应力,但方案4优于其它3种方案,能使振动应力水平降低60．6％,频率提高11．5％。     

Evaluation of mixed mode-I/II criteria for fatigue crack propagation using experiments and modeling

In this study, in-plane mixed mode-I/II fatigue crack growth simulations and experiments are performed for the Al 7075-T651 aluminum alloy which is widely used in the aerospace industry. Tests are carried out under different mode mixity ratios to evaluate the applicability of a fracture criterion developed in a previous study to mixed mode-I/II fatigue crack growth tests. Results obtained from the analyses and experiments are compared with existing and developed criteria in terms of crack growth lives. Compact Tension Shear (CTS) specimens, which enable mixed mode loading with loading devices under different loading angles, are used in the simulations and experiments. In an effort to model and simulate the actual conditions in the experiments, crack surfaces of fractured specimens are scanned, crack paths are modeled exactly, and contacts are defined between the contact surfaces of a specimen and the loading device for each crack propagation step in the analyses. Having computed the mixed mode stress intensity factors from the numerical analyses, propagation life cycles are predicted by existing and the developed mixed mode-I/II criteria and then compared with experimental results.     

Prediction of fatigue crack growth rate for small-sized CIET specimens based on low cycle fatigue properties

Based on experiments of low cycle fatigue for 5083-H112 aluminum alloy, two energy-based predictive models have been introduced to predict the fatigue crack growth behaviors of traditional Compact Tension (CT) and small-sized C-shaped Inside Edge-notched Tension (CIET) specimens with different thicknesses and load ratios. Different values of the effective stress ratio U are employed in the theoretical fatigue crack growth models to correct the effect of crack closure. Results indicate that the two predictive models show different capacities of predicting the fatigue crack growth behaviors of CIET and CT specimens with different thicknesses and load ratios. The accuracy of predicted results of the two models is strongly affected by the method for determination of the effective stress ratio U. Finally, the energy-based Shi&Cai model with crack closure correction by means of Newman’s method is highly recommended in prediction of fatigue crack growth of CIET specimens via low cycle fatigue properties.     

腐蚀环境下铜薄膜传感器金属结构裂纹监测

铜薄膜传感器在飞机金属结构损伤监测过程中,将长期面临大气腐蚀环境的影响。针对此背景,研究了铜薄膜传感器在腐蚀环境下的耐蚀性能,及腐蚀后的疲劳裂纹监测性能。首先,采用脉冲偏压多弧离子镀技术在不同弧电流和基体负偏压水平下制备了一系列铜薄膜,对其耐蚀性能进行了对比研究。结果表明,在弧电流60 A和基体负偏压250 V时沉积的铜薄膜耐蚀性能最佳。然后,结合耐蚀性能最佳的沉积工艺参数,在2A12-T4铝合金中心孔板试件上制备了同心环状铜薄膜传感器阵列,并开展了盐雾腐蚀试验。最后,对腐蚀试验后的铜薄膜传感器进行了疲劳裂纹监测试验。结果表明:铜薄膜传感器在腐蚀环境下具有良好的耐蚀性能,耐蚀时间达1 000 h;腐蚀试验后的铜薄膜传感器对裂纹变化敏感,能实现对裂纹定量监测,监测精度为1 mm,监测结果具有良好的可重复性。     

航空发动机高压涡轮工作叶片热疲劳试验研究

为考核工作了一定时数的某型发动机高压涡轮工作叶片在更换涂层后的抗冷、热疲劳性能,进行了热疲劳考核试验。试验中,实现了低压条件下对复合冷却叶片温度载荷的模拟,并记录了各部位裂纹发生、扩展的情况,为复合冷却叶片的热疲劳性能分析积累了宝贵的资料。     

16Co14Ni10Cr2Mo钢冲击裂纹的形成和扩展机制

研究了16Co14Ni10Cr2Mo钢在冲击载荷下的断裂机制。研究发现，该钢种裂纹钝化方式为角形钝化，裂纹的扩展是高能界面上空穴连接够有选择性的过程，与一次空穴和二次空穴的形成有关。     

保持时间对涡轮盘合金高温低周疲劳裂纹扩展特性的影响

研究了两种广泛使用的涡轮盘高温合金，在高温下带和不带上峰值保持时间的低周疲劳裂纹扩展特性及其扩展寿命估算模型。     

受拉螺栓表面裂纹应力强度因子的估算

本文在实验的基础上,对螺栓螺纹根部处的表面裂纹在拉一拉载荷作用下应力强度因子K进行了初步研究,通过对已有圆柱体的表面裂纹应力强度因子公式的分析、比较,采用类比的方法,推出了受拉螺栓表面裂纹应力强度因子K的表达式,并借助于实验加以验证。     

钛合金高压气瓶表面裂纹程序载荷谱试验的结果和分析

本文介绍两个带有疲劳表面裂纹的钛合金高压气瓶在程序载荷谱下的试验结果,并对它作了简单的分析。结果表明,即使气瓶具有“最大可能出现”的表面裂纹,它在公路运输及地面贮存保压过程中也是安全的。利用我们推导的表面裂纹半经验公式,参考NASA的K_(TH)/K_I实验数据,估计了在使用载荷作用下,气瓶在水介质中贮存保压较长时间裂纹不产生扩展的临界尺寸。     

复合材料 ENF 试件裂纹扩展理论分析简

 对复合材料端部缺口弯曲（ENF）试件裂纹扩展过程进行了理论分析,研究了界面参数变化对载荷-位移曲线的影响。首先在梁微段分析的基础上,通过双线性Cohesive本构模型模拟了界面损伤。本文模型中考虑了轴力的影响,根据界面损伤程度对模型进行了分段,并分别获得了各段通解。以裂纹长度以及黏聚区范围为变量分析了ENF试件裂纹扩展过程,求解获得了载荷-位移曲线。通过与已有理论模型结果对比,验证了本文理论分析的正确性,且本文理论考虑了弹性段后非线性的存在。分析了界面参数与黏聚区长度的关系,为界面参数的选取提供了一定的依据。