直升机液弹阻尼器填充材料粘性特性分析

液弹阻尼器是现代直升机旋翼系统的关键部件,由于其突出的性能优势代表了阻尼器的发展方向。本文基于液弹阻尼器的工作原理,通过液弹阻尼器填充液的分析选择,进行液弹阻尼器填充材料特性研究。建立正确分析液弹阻尼器设计分析模型,充分考虑粘温性能、粘压性能的综合影响,揭示影响液弹阻尼器力学性能的参数敏感性,为新型液弹阻尼器的结构设计与计算综合分析提供支持。     

直 8 减摆定位器外筒上螺杆断裂原因分析与改进建议

直8某直升机主桨毂减摆定位器简体上发生了固定螺杆断裂故障。对故障现象进行了分析,对断裂的固定螺杆进行了理化检查分析,对设计图样和螺杆装配工艺进行复查,确定了产生故障的原因,提出了设计改进建议。     

Classification and quantification of solar wind driver gases leading to intense geomagnetic storms

Classification and quantification of the interplanetary structures causing intense geomagnetic storms (Dst?≤??100?nT) that occurred during 1997–2016 are studied. The subject of this consists of solar wind parameters of seventy-three intense storms that are associated with the southward interplanetary magnetic field. About 30.14% of the storms were driven by a combination of the sheath and ejecta (S?+?E), magnetic clouds (MC) and sheath field (S) are 26% each, 10.96% by combined sheath and MCs (S?+?C), while 5.48% of the storms were driven by ejecta (E) alone. Therefore, we want to aver that for storms driven by: (1) S?+?E. The Bz is high (≥10?nT), high density (ρ) (>10?N/cm³), high plasma beta (β) (>0.8), and unspecified (i.e. high or low) structure of the plasma temperature (T) and the flow speed (V); (2) MC. The Bz is ≥10?nT, low temperature (T?≤?400,000?K), low ρ (≤10?N/cm³), high V (≥450?km), and low β (≤0.8); (3) The structures of S?+?C are similar to that of MC except that the V is low (V?≤?450?km); (4) S. The Bz is high, low T, high ρ, unspecified V, and low β; and (5) E. Is when the structures are directly opposite of the one driven by MCs except for high V. Although, westward ring current indicates intense storms, but the large intensity of geomagnetic storms is determined by the intense nature of the electric field strength and the Bz. Therefore, great storms (i.e. Dst?≤??200?nT) are manifestation of high electric field strength (≥13?mV/m).     

一种用于电磁轴承特性可控的弹性备用轴承

 为了提高电磁轴承备用轴承的性能,基于动力特性可控的径向电涡流阻尼器、弹性支撑以及滚动型或衬套型备用轴承提出了一种动力特性可控的弹性备用轴承新结构。介绍了这种新型备用轴承的结构和工作原理,在不同的转速和转子不平衡量下测量了电磁轴承失效后转子坠落在新型弹性备用轴承上的瞬态响应,分析了新型备用轴承对转子坠落在备用轴承上的瞬态冲击响应的抑制作用。结果表明：这种新型弹性备用轴承不仅具有结构简单、无工作介质、动力特性易于进行控制等特点,而且还能够显著减小电磁轴承失效后转子坠落在备用轴承上的瞬态冲击响应,使转子的振动很快得以衰减,减小了转子对备用轴承的冲击作用,是一种具有良好发展和应用前景的主动电磁轴承备用轴承结构。     

某型无人机系统涡轮阻尼器的性能仿真

涡轮阻尼器作为制动装置应用于某型无人机气液压发射系统和拦阻网回收系统.建立了阻尼器的阻尼力矩数学模型,并进行仿真计算和数值分析.结果表明:转子半径、流体介质密度对阻尼力矩的影响起主导作用;定子半径、转子叶片与定子叶片轴向间隙、流体介质动力黏度对阻尼力矩的影响相对较小.采用具有不同结构尺寸和不同流体介质的阻尼器进行阻尼力矩的测量试验,研究结果表明仿真结果与试验结果表现出较好的一致性,证明了阻尼力矩数学模型的正确性,为涡轮阻尼器的工程研制提供可靠的理论依据.      

金属橡胶隔振器产生混沌的解析预测

在考虑金属橡胶隔振系统的非线性刚度和非线性迟滞恢复力的基础上,建立了金属橡胶隔振器的非线性动力学方程.根据非线性振动理论,得出了系统在弱非线性情况下的一次谐波慢变参数的平均化方程;推出了谐波慢变参数状态方程的离散化映射,获得了金属橡胶隔振器出现混沌的解析条件.      

高转速袋型阻尼密封泄漏的特性

采用有限元分析和计算流体动力学耦合数值分析方法(FEA/CFD),研究了考虑转子系统由于高速旋转造成转子径向伸长效应时袋型阻尼密封的泄漏特性和流场形态.计算了密封间隙为0.13mm时,袋型阻尼密封试验件在3种压比、3种转速下的泄漏量,并与试验值和不考虑转子伸长效应的CFD数值模拟结果进行了比较,验证了所采用的FEA/CFD数值方法的可靠性(误差小于1.3%)和高转速下考虑转子伸长的必要性.研究了6种压比、6种转速下密封间隙为0.25mm的袋型阻尼密封的流场和泄漏量,分析了压比和转速对袋型阻尼密封泄漏特性的影响规律.结果表明:当压比大于0.26时,随压比的减小,袋型阻尼密封泄漏量逐渐增大;当压比减小到一定值时(π<0.26),泄漏流体的马赫数在最后一个密封齿间隙处达到1.0,即发生了堵塞,此时泄漏量达到与密封进口总压相对应的最大值;在高转速下,考虑和不考虑转子半径的伸长,密封泄漏量均随转速的增大而减小;在转子面周向马赫数大于0.35时,需要考虑转子半径伸长对泄漏量的影响.      

航空发动机转子一种振动跳跃问题及其工程控制的分岔分析

为研究带挤压油膜阻尼器的航空发动机转子的振动跳跃问题,采用弹性支承的刚性转子模型,结合短轴承π油膜的油膜力模型,建立了系统的动力学方程.采用平均法和非线性动力学中的Chen-Langford（C-L）方法得到了关于轴承系数和转子偏心量参数平面内的转迁集,转迁集将参数平面划分为三个区域,不同区域内具有不同的分岔模式,其中区域Ⅰ为无跳跃现象的理想区域.通过一带有“软特性”非线性特性的附加结构,可以增加区域Ⅰ的范围,减小跳跃区域,扩展了系统的参数优选范围.      

涨圈密封挤压油膜阻尼器流场与阻尼特性

为研究两端密封型挤压油膜阻尼器流场与阻尼特性,建立了涨圈密封挤压油膜阻尼器三维非定常流场数值仿真模型。基于Fluent软件中的Mixture多相流模型和Schnerr-Sauer空化模型数值模拟得到动态油膜压力与气相体积分数的周向分布规律。将计算得到的阻尼器油膜压力与文献中的试验数据对比,结果显示:两者具有较高的一致性。由动态油膜力导出的平均等效阻尼系数与试验采用阻抗法识别的结果相比仅有0.6%的偏差,从而验证了该数值模型与预测方法的有效性。进一步的数值计算表明增大进动半径、进动频率、涨圈密封的狭缝宽度均会使挤压油膜阻尼器流场中的空化现象加重,同时等效阻尼系数降低。      

Optimizing Control for Rotor Vibration with Magnetorheological Fluid Damper

The aim of this work is to analyze and design a control system for vibration reduction in a rotor system using a shear mode magnetorheological fluid （MRF） damper. A dynamic model of the MRF damper-rotor system was built and simulated in Matlab/Simulink to analyze the rotor vibration characteristics and the vibration reduction dfeet of the MRF damper. Based on the numerical simulation analysis, an optimizing control strategy using pat- tern search method was proposed and designed. The control system was constructed on a test rotor bench and ex- periment validations on the effectiveness of the proposed control strategy were conducted. Experimental results show that rotor vibration caused by unbalance can be well controlled whether in resonance region （70~） or in non- resonance region （30 ~）. An irregular vibration amplitude jump can be suppressed with the optimization strategy. Furthermore, it is found that the rapidity of transient response and efficiency of optimizing technique depend on the pattern search step. The presented strategies and control system can be extended to multi-span （more than two or three spans） rotor system. It provides a powerful technical support for the extension and application in target and control for shafting vibration.