高速角接触球轴承喷油润滑雾化分析

以角接触球轴承为研究对象,为分析喷射润滑油液在环间高速气流作用下的雾化情况,建立了轴承环间气液两相流仿真模型,采用FLUENT流体计算软件对高速角接触球轴承进行模拟分析计算,探讨在相同时刻不同转速、不同喷射角度等条件下油液颗粒直径大小的变化,以及在不同时刻索太尔平均直径(SMD)的变化趋势。结果表明：随着润滑油的穿透过程,腔内大粒径油液所占比例逐渐减少,小粒径比例增高;随着转速的增大,进入腔内油量也会随之减少,受环间气流涡的影响,迅速使油液液滴发生碎裂,使雾化加剧,颗粒直径减小,则会使SMD减小,不利于轴承的润滑;不同喷射角度条件下,15°的喷射角度轴承腔内的大粒径占比较大。     

Large-eddy simulation and linear acoustic modeling of entropy mode oscillations in a model combustor with coolant injection

Lean-burn combustor is particularly susceptible to combustion instability and the unsteady heat release is usually considered as the excitation of the self-maintained thermo-acoustic oscillations. The transverse coolant injection is widely used to reduce the temperature of burnt gas, but on the other hand, it will introduce temperature fluctuation inside the combustor. Therefore, it is necessary to consider the influence of the coolant injection on combustion instability, and evaluate its dynamic feature. In this paper, Large-Eddy Simulation (LES) of the self-excited pressure oscillations in a model combustor with coolant injection is carried out. The analysis of transient flow characteristics and the identification of the pressure modes confirm that one of the low frequency pressure oscillations is related to entropy fluctuations, which is known as rumble combustion instability. The LES results show that transient coolant injection is another excitation of temperature fluctuation other than unsteady combustion. The amplitude of the entropy mode oscillation increases with increasing coolant air mass whereas the change of its frequency is insignificant. According to the major feature of entropy wave oscillation caused by coolant injection, a compact coolant injection model is proposed and applied in the One Dimensional (1D) Acoustic Network Method (ANM). Key correlations used in the model match well with LES data in low frequency range. This means that the coolant injection model is a complex one reflecting the interaction of the fluctuating coolant mass, pressure and temperature. Finally, the combustion instability frequencies and modes predicted by acoustic network method are also in good agreement with LES results.     

双股气流对流体控制矢量喷管的影响

利用有限体积法求解三维雷诺平均N-S方程,对激波诱导矢量控制方案下的二元收敛-扩张喷管全流场进行了数值模拟,同时与试验结果进行了对比,进一步讨论了开孔位置对喷管矢量性能的影响。研究表明,要获得较好的矢量性能,必须减小壁面反射激波的作用,因此应该调整开孔位置使得第一道斜激波延伸至喷管出口附近;严重过度膨胀状态下,较好的双股气流方案下喷管获得的矢量效率要优于单股气流方案;而在设计状态附近,两种方案下获得的矢量效率和推力损失基本相同。     

一种直接入轨卫星变轨阶段的供电方案

相比传统的卫星自身变轨方式,直接入轨方式下卫星的主动段时间将延长到4～5h。为解决卫星直接入轨过程中由于主动段时间大大加长,导致卫星电能需求的增加,以及电源系统配置不必要的质量增加的问题,文章提出了一种在发射和变轨阶段通过运载火箭上面级向卫星供电的方案,即在上面级上增加了一套独立的一次性电源系统。该系统与卫星自身电源系统相结合,在发射和变轨期间优先使用,卫星自身电源根据负载用电情况自主介入,能很好地解决卫星直接入轨方式下主动段的电能需求问题。     

轴流压气机叶尖射流扩稳数值计算模型

基于体积力方法将压气机叶片对气流的作用力和做功简化为源项,对环形无叶片通道求解带源项的Navier-Stokes(N-S)方程,实现了压气机全通道流场的计算,通过在转子上游机匣施加射流建立了轴流压气机叶尖射流扩稳数值模型.模型中的源项根据叶片排进口气流参数进行变化,通过判断施加的人工扰动变化确定压气机失稳边界.采用该模型对某跨声速单级压气机在有、无射流下的性能和稳定性进行了计算分析,无射流下计算的该压气机性能和稳定边界与试验结果都能较好地一致,其中稳定边界流量仅相差0.7%;有射流下射流对压气机具有明显的扩稳效果,将计算结果与国外公开文献的结果进行了对比,验证了模型的可靠性.      

孔隙射流对高负荷压气机叶栅气动性能影响的实验研究(英文)

对应用射流孔的高负荷压气机直叶栅进行了实验研究,着重研究了孔隙射流对削弱尾缘附近流动分离和损失的效果。实验包括八种叶栅方案,采用五孔探针测量出口速度和压力分布。同时给出吸力面墨迹流动显示和端壁静压分布。结果表明,孔隙射流对端壁静压的影响很小,叶栅中部损失明显降低,最佳开孔位置位于25%叶高处,相对损失最大降低5.5%。     

偏心射流燃烧室特性试验研究

本文研究偏心射流的倾斜角对燃烧效率、贫油吹熄特性和出口温度场的影响.给出了同一燃烧室在轴对称进气条件下的相应特性.结果表明,偏心进气能明显扩大贫油吹熄范围,提高燃烧效率.在试验的角度范围内,适当加大偏心射流的倾角是有利的.     

燃油脉动对温度场影响的数值研究

为了研究燃油脉动对燃烧室温度场的影响,分别对燃油脉动在均匀进口、径向速度畸变进口和周向速度畸变进口中进行了瞬态模拟,分析了燃油脉动在不同进口速度流场中对燃烧室温度场的影响。结果表明:燃烧室出口温度参数随燃油脉动变化呈现出相似的变化规律,但这种响应具有一定的滞后性;燃油脉动造成主燃孔区域燃烧不合理,使得主燃孔截面温度品质降低,出口径向温度分布系数FRTDF产生波动;燃油脉动和进口速度畸变不仅改变了燃烧室出口温度在径向和周向的分布,而且会使在叶尖和叶根处存在高温区,降低涡轮强度;燃油脉动在径向畸变进口中的影响程度最大。     

Control of squealer-tip leakage flow with perforated-rib coolant injection in an axial turbine cascade

A novel perforated-rib configuration is proposed for controlling the tip leakage flow at the rotor tip of an axial turbine. Three perforated-rib layouts are considered, wherein a perforated rib is installed at (A) the Suction-Side squealer (SS-rib), (B) the Pressure-Side squealer (PS-rib), and (C) the additional squealer along the blade Camber Line (CL-rib). A numerical method is used to show how the novel rib layouts affect the aerodynamic performance of the tip leakage flow. Results show that the coolant jets issuing from the perforated-rib injection holes penetrate deeper into the tip clearance than those in the baseline squealer-tip case, and how the perforated-rib coolant injection affects the tip leakage flow depends strongly on the rib layout. The PS-rib and CL-rib layouts appear promising for controlling the tip leakage flow, playing a significant role in reducing the total pressure loss and improving the turbine blade’s isentropic efficiency. In particular, under an injection mass flow ratio of 1% and a tip clearance of 1% blade span, the PS-rib layout reduces the leakage mass flow rate by 27% and increases the isentropic efficiency by 1.25% compared with those in the baseline squealer-tip case. Meanwhile, the advantages of the PS-rib layout in tip leakage control are confirmed under small and large tip clearances.     

叶顶喷气对跨声转子近失速点流动的影响

利用数值模拟的方法研究了叶顶喷气对跨声转子性能及近失速点流动的影响.研究表明:在+65?的喷气角度下,喷气能保持效率不降低的同时使转子喘振裕度的绝对值提高4.48%.此外喷气还能改善转子叶片吸力面的流动,减弱叶尖泄漏涡的强度,同时使泄漏涡的轨迹更贴近叶片吸力面,这也是喘振裕度大幅提高的物理原因.