A novel intelligent adaptive control of laser-based ground thermal test

Laser heating technology is a type of potential and attractive space heat flux simulation technology, which is characterized by high heating rate, controlled spatial intensity distribution and rapid response. However, the controlled plant is nonlinear, time-varying and uncertainty when implementing the laser-based heat flux simulation. In this paper, a novel intelligent adaptive controller based on proportion–integration–differentiation(PID) type fuzzy logic is proposed to improve the performance of laser-based ground thermal test. The temperature range of thermal cycles is more than 200 K in many instances. In order to improve the adaptability of controller,output scaling factors are real time adjusted while the thermal test is underway. The initial values of scaling factors are optimized using a stochastic hybrid particle swarm optimization(H-PSO)algorithm. A validating system has been established in the laboratory. The performance of the proposed controller is evaluated through extensive experiments under different operating conditions(reference and load disturbance). The results show that the proposed adaptive controller performs remarkably better compared to the conventional PID(PID) controller and the conventional PID type fuzzy(F-PID) controller considering performance indicators of overshoot, settling time and steady state error for laser-based ground thermal test. It is a reliable tool for effective temperature control of laser-based ground thermal test.     

高超声速飞行器防热瓦结构的变厚度轻量化设计方法

针对非均匀气动加热条件下三维复杂防热瓦结构的轻量化需求,基于变厚度设计理念,发展了一种基于网格变形技术（ASD）和热固耦合分析相结合的防热瓦结构优化方法。优化结果表明,基于网格变形技术能够快速有效地解决优化过程中的网格自动更新问题,避免了网格重新划分的耗费及复杂结构网格重构的困难,并得到了光滑柔顺的厚度形状曲线;相比等厚设计,变厚度设计可以有效考虑载荷的非均匀效应,并极大地减轻结构重量;优化后可以更充分发挥防热瓦结构各层材料的承载能力。     

高超声速钝头体变熵流表面热流计算

采用动量厚度来修正变熵效应的工程算法,并以15°钝锥为例,对其表面热流进行了计算,将计算结果与试验值进行了对比,结果吻合良好,表明该工程算法,方便简捷,计算量小,且有足够精度,可为高超声速飞行器初步设计热环境计算和防热材料的合理选择提供可靠的参考数据.      

燃油加温系统的设计和研制

简要介绍了SB101高空台燃油加温系统的用途、设计方案、设计技术要求、工作原理、主要设备和调试结果。     

Climatology of extreme upper atmospheric heating events

We use a trio of empirical models to estimate the relative contributions of solar extreme ultraviolet heating, Joule heating and particle heating to the global energy budget of the earth’s upper atmosphere. Daily power values are derived from the models for the three heat sources. The SOLAR2000 solar irradiance specification model provides estimates of the daily extreme EUV solar power input. Geomagnetic power comes from a combination of satellite-derived electron precipitation power and an empirical model of Joule power derived from hemispherically integrated estimates of high-latitude heating, which we discuss in this paper. From 1975 to mid-2002, the average daily contributions were electrons: 51 GW, Joule: 95 GW and solar: 784 GW. Joule and particle heating combine to provide more than 17% of the total global upper atmospheric heating. For the top 10% and 1% of heating events, contributions rise to 20% and 25%, respectively. In the top 15 heating events, geomagnetic power contributed more than 50% of the total power budget. During three events, the Joule power alone exceeded solar power.     

Thermal protection mechanism of heat pipe in leading edge under hypersonic conditions

Sharp local structure, like the leading edge of hypersonic aircraft, confronts a severe aerodynamic heating environment at a Mach number greater than 5. To eliminate the danger of a material failure, a semi-active thermal protection system is proposed by integrating a metallic heat pipe into the structure of the leading edge. An analytical heat-balance model is established from traditional aerodynamic theories, and then thermal and mechanical characteristics of the structure are studied at Mach number 6–8 for three refractory alloys, Inconel 625, C-103, and T-111. The feasibility of this simple analytical method as an initial design tool for hypersonic aircraft is assessed through numerical simulations using a finite element method. The results indicate that both the isothermal and the maximum temperatures fall but the von Mises stress increases with a longer design length of the leading edge. These two temperatures and the stress rise remarkably at a higher Mach number. Under all investigated hypersonic conditions, with a 3 mm leading edge radius and a0.15 m design length, the maximum stress exceeds the yield strength of Inconel 625 at Mach numbers greater than 6, which means a material failure. Moreover, both C-103 and T-111 meet all requirements at Mach number 6–8.     

Energization of Plasma Species by Intermittent Kinetic Alfvén Waves

We propose a new phase-mixing sweep model of coronal heating and solar wind acceleration based on dissipative properties of kinetic Alfvén waves (KAWs). The energy reservoir is provided by the intermittent ∼1 Hz MHD Alfvén waves excited at the coronal base by magnetic restructuring. These waves propagate upward along open magnetic field lines, phase-mix, and gradually develop short wavelengths across the magnetic field. Eventually, at 1.5–4 solar radii they are transformed into KAWs. We analyze several basic mechanisms for anisotropic energization of plasma species by KAWs and find them compatible with observations. In particular, UVCS (onboard SOHO) observations of intense cross-field ion energization at 1.5–4 solar radii can be naturally explained by non-adiabatic ion acceleration in the vicinity of demagnetizing KAW phases. The ion cyclotron motion is destroyed there by electric and magnetic fields of KAWs.     

公路隔离网专用焊机微机控制系统研制

介绍了公路隔离网专用焊机微机控制系统的功能、系统的硬件结构和软件设计。控制系统具有手动、半自动、全自动等工作方式，可自动补偿网压波动对焊接电流的影响。批量生产应用表明：控制系统操作方便，性能可靠，焊接质量稳定。     

电阻检测技术探讨

阐述了国外高准确度数字多用表（ＤＭＭ）的发展，叙述了ＤＭＭ在电阻检测中的工作原理，同时提出大电阻检测中应引起关注的问题。     

烧蚀外形计算的一种自动调节人工粘性项的差分格式

在再入端头烧蚀外形计算中,通过对物形参数的自动滤波处理,构造出了一种附加人工粘性项三层显式差分格式。这种格式在外形变化波动区达一阶精度,在外形变化平稳区达二阶精度。数值试验表明,这种格式在保障外形计算精度和增大时间步长、节省计算机时都是有效的。