模型参考控制系统设计的一种完全参数化方法

本文进一步深入研究了文［１］中提出的前馈加反馈模型参考输出跟踪控制方案的存在性和求解问题，建立了该控制方案存在的充要条件，并给出了该控制方案的完全参数表示。使得整个控制系统的设计工作只包含设计参数的选取和一些简单的代数运算，两个数值算例说明了该方法的有效性和简单、实用性。     

一种实用的边缘强度互相关匹配可信度分析方法

匹配可信度是衡量匹配质量的重要指标，针对归一化边缘强度互相关匹配算法，研究了基于神经网络的匹配可信度判别方法。通过对参考图进行加噪实验获得训练样本，对BP网络进行训练，并将训练后的网络用于匹配可信度的判别。针对实际卫片与航片图像对的实验结果，平均判决正确率达到90％以上，证实了该方法的有效性。     

基于全模式遗传算法的导弹/固体冲压发动机一体化优化

在综合考虑固体火箭冲压发动机设计、导弹气动特性和外弹道关系的情况下,详细分析了各设计变量,并建立了空空导弹总体／冲压发动机一体化设计优化模型。针对在优化过程中遇到的无显式约束问题,提出了一种高效全模式遗传算法,并分析了其收敛性。计算结果表明,与其它算法相比,全模式遗传算法具有极强的全局寻优及高速收敛能力：一体化优化设计优于工程设计方法,可有效提高导弹总体性能。     

自适应融合滤波算法及其在INS/GPS组合导航中的应用

针对扩展卡尔曼滤波器(EKF)在系统模型不确定时存在鲁棒性差、精度低的问题,设计了一种基于交互式多模型(IMM)的自适应融合滤波(AFF)算法。IMM\|AFF算法采用两个模型来描述系统结构,且与每个模型相对应的Sage\|Husa滤波器和强跟踪滤波器(STF)独立并行工作,系统的状态估计则是两种滤波器估计的模型概率加权融合。IMM\|AFF算法兼具Sage\|Husa滤波器状态估计精度高和STF对系统模型不确定具有强鲁棒性的优点,克服了两种滤波器各自单独使用时的缺点。将IMM\|AFF算法应用于INS/GPS组合导航系统的仿真结果表明,IMM\|AFF算法的滤波精度和鲁棒性均明显优于目前工程应用中的EKF,特别是大大提高了INS/GPS系统的定位 精度 。
     

采用RANS/LES混合方法研究分离流动

采用结合湍流模式和大涡模拟(LES)的混合方法数值模拟Aerospatial A-profile翼型以及细长椭球体大迎角分离流动。该类混合方法比较适于模拟分离流动:近壁区附体流动采用湍流模式,而远离物面分离区域内的大尺度运动则用LES方法。通过计算和实验结果的对比,混合方法切实可行并具有很大的发展潜力。     

超声速大迎角分离流中三种湍流模型的比较研究

通过对雷诺平均N-S方程的数值求解,模拟了细长旋成体在超声速大迎角下的流场,比较了S-A,SST和EASM三种湍流模型。不同轴向位置的物面周向压力分布和实验结果的对比结果表明:湍流模型对物面压力分布影响较大。横截面流态分析表明,空间主体涡结构受湍流模型影响不大,靠近壁面的二次分离涡的模拟精度和湍流模型密切相关。弹体积分气动力受湍流模型影响不大,和实验结果相当吻合。     

空间旋转目标涡流消旋概念与仿真分析

针对消除空间旋转目标姿态旋转的问题,本文将第二代高温超导技术与涡流制动技术相结合,提出超导式涡流消旋的概念。然后,对涡流消旋的技术可行性进行了定性分析,通过对多种消旋技术手段的权衡比较归纳出涡流消旋的优势。接着,采用电磁张量理论,建立了电磁-涡流作用机理的精确磁场和涡流力矩模型;最后,考虑实际消旋的任务需求,对典型的高速旋转目标、低速旋转目标、以及复合旋转目标的消旋进行了动力学仿真研究。仿真结果表明,涡流消旋具有足够强大的制动能力,能有效消除目标的高速旋转或复合旋转运动。     

代理模型在空间碎片碰撞概率分析中的应用

利用代理模型来高效计算空间目标之间的碰撞概率。碰撞概率计算的经典方法包括蒙特卡洛（Monte Carlo,MC）方法,以及基于速度线性化、位置误差服从高斯分布等假设,在相遇平面上对碰撞概率密度函数（高斯型）进行积分的方法。相较于MC方法要处理原轨道模型由大量重复仿真带来的计算量增长,代理模型针对输入变量的先验分布设计得到相应数学模型,不仅大大降低了单次仿真的计算时间,还减少了计算概率所需的仿真数量。代理模型去除了线性化假设等限制条件,对于碰撞概率密度函数可能呈现出的非高斯型特征也有很好的统计解释,其适用范围更广。本文结果表明,代理模型方法能够在大幅降低计算量的同时,保证对碰撞概率的估计较为准确。     

Influence of land surface parameters on the spatio-seasonal land surface temperature regime in rural West Bengal,India

The magnitude and causes of changes in the land surface temperature of rural areas have not been extensively studied. The thermal band of Landsat imagery is taken to extract winter, summer, and monsoon season land surface temperature (LST) and relate it to surface parameters over a 30-year period. From the extracted parameters constructed a prospective surface temperature (PST) model using Multivariate Adaptive Regression Splines. The Chandrabhaga river basin in West Bengal of the lateritic Rarh Tract at the Chota Nagpur Plateau fringe was chosen as the study area because it is far from urban influences, to avoid the well-known heat island effect. Over the study period, summer and winter average LST increased linearly by 0.085?°C/y and 0.016?°C/y respectively. These results were validated with air temperature (RMSE?=?x and y, respectively). Over time more of the area is in the higher temperature zones, e.g., in April 2011, 4% area exceeded >32°, whereas in 2015 this proportion reached 52%. PST models of all the seasons were moderate to highly correlate (0.57–0.87) with actual LST, showing the value of this model. It also revealed the relative importance of the regional factors. Based on this information factor management is a scientific step to restrict or minimize the temperature rise effect.     

Heading south with a north-up map: A choice processing analysis of map alignment effects

This study employed an information accumulation model of choice reaction times to investigate alignment effects in mental representations of maps. University students studied a map from a single orientation (with north at the top). In a subsequent two-choice reaction time task, the students’ spatial knowledge of the map was assessed employing spatial left/right judgments, which were made from imagined perspectives that were either north-aligned or south-aligned. Data showed a standard alignment effect, favoring north- over south-aligned trials. To examine the locus of this effect, data were fit using the Linear Ballistic Accumulator (LBA) model of speeded decisions (Brown & Heathcote, 2008). Of interest were three model parameters: drift rate, the speed at which evidence accumulates toward a response; response threshold, the amount of evidence demanded from the decision maker before selecting a response; and non-decision time, the time consumed by pre- and postdecisional processes. The best-fitting model suggested that non-decision time accounted for the alignment effect. The difference in non-decision time between north and south-aligned judgments suggests a mental alignment stage on south-aligned trials, accounting for the longer reaction times for judgements misaligned with the presented north orientation of the map.