湍流度和吹风比对叶片前缘双出口孔射流冷却效率影响

为了探讨湍流度对一种新型气膜孔射流气膜冷却影响,利用商业软件提供的有限体积法求解N-S方程,对湍流度分别为0.4%、10%和20%时的双出口孔射流冷却效率进行数值模拟。吹风比变化范围为0.5到2.0。首先将圆柱孔射流冷却效率计算结果和实验数据进行了对比,二者吻合较好。计算得到了双出口孔射流气膜冷却下的流场、径向平均冷却效率。结果表明,湍流度和吹风比对冷却效率都有较大影响。湍流度为0.4%和10%时,最高冷却效率在吹风比1.0时获得;湍流度30%时,最高冷却效率在吹风比2.0时获得。吹风比0.5和1.0时,冷却效率随着湍流度的增加而降低;吹风比2.0时,冷却效率随着湍流度的增加而增加。     

Three-dimensional numerical study of supercritical pressure effect on heat transfer of cryogenic methane

A three-dimensional numerical study of the turbulent convective heat transfer of the cryogenic methane flowing inside a square engine cooling channel under supercritical pressures was systematically conducted. Numerical results indicate that increasing the fluid pressure results in enhanced heat transfer of the cryogenic methane under supercritical pressures. At the pseudo-critical temperature under a corresponding supercritical pressure, drastic property variations cause heat transfer deterioration and sharp wall temperature increase at a high wall heat flux of 7MW/m2. A modified Jackson and Hall heat transfer equation, which can be used for supercritical heat transfer calculations of the cryogenic methane, has been successfully established in this paper.      

燃气非平衡流再生冷却流动传热数值模拟

为准确预测液体火箭发动机推力室身部再生冷却换热状况,采用数值模拟方法,对燃气、推力室壁和超临界气氢进行三维流动和换热耦合计算。采用6组分9步反应动力学模型计算燃气的非平衡化学反应,采用DO模型计算燃气辐射换热,考虑超临界气氢物性随温度和压力的变化。获得了室壁温度场、燃气及冷却剂流场。结果表明,Redlich-Kwong方程、Peng-Robinson方程、Lucas法、TRAPP法能分别准确计算超临界氢的密度、定压比热容、粘度、导热系数,采用燃气非平衡流计算所得流场值更符合实际情况。     

蛇型冷却通道中的蒸汽流动与换热特性研究

采用CFX软件数值计算了带肋蛇形冷却通道内的空气流动与换热特性,验证了计算模型和方法,比较了湍流模型的适用性;在此基础上,数值计算了蛇形冷却通道内蒸汽的流动与换热特性,分析了蒸汽过热度、肋片角度和V型肋片对蒸汽流动与换热性能的影响。结果表明:SSG湍流模型的计算结果与实验数据吻合较好;蒸汽过热度对换热效果的影响较小;相对于光滑通道,带肋通道的弯道效应影响降低;V型肋片的换热效果好于平行斜肋。     

微型纯电动汽车动力舱风冷散热研究

微型纯电动汽车的进风口可以布置在多个位置,将进风口布置在微型纯电动汽车动力舱前端,研究这种进风方式的散热效率;不同进出风模式是否可以改善动力舱的散热性能也是一个值得关注的问题.研究结果表明:电池组发热量、车外环境温度及进风温度对动力舱内的温度影响较大,进风口数目及动力舱进风速度对其影响较小;当进风温度低于环境温度时,增加进风口数目和提高车速可以提高散热性能,当进风温度高于环境温度时,减少进风口数目和降低车速可以提高散热性能.上述结论为微型纯电动汽车动力舱散热方案实施提供了参考依据.      

楔形肋片内冷通道传热与流动阻力特性

利用实验和数值模拟方法,分析了楔形肋片几何结构对仿螺旋肋片内冷通道强化传热与流动阻力特性的影响,并将模拟结果与实验数据进行了对比,两者结果吻合良好.研究结果表明,随着楔形肋片导流角的增大,通道的强化传热显著增强,但其流动阻力也明显增大;气流方向的不同对通道总体换热强度影响不是很大,但反吹时通道中的流动阻力却明显高于正吹;从内冷通道的综合换热效果来看,当楔形肋片导流角为7?且气流正吹时是最佳的肋片几何结构参数.      

Flow and Heat Transfer Characteristics in Rotating Two-pass Channels Cooled by Superheated Steam

In a modern gas turbine,using superheated steam to cool the vane and blade for internal convection cooling is a promising alternative to traditional compressor air.However,further investigations of steam cooling need to be performed.In this paper,the three-dimensional flow and heat transfer characteristics of steam are numerically investigated in two-pass square channels with 45° ribbed walls under stationary and rotating conditions.The investigated rotation numbers are 0 and 0.24.The simulation is carried out by solving the Reynolds averaged Navier-Stokes equations employing the Reynolds stress turbulence model,especially considering two additional terms for Coriolis and rotational buoyancy forces caused by the rotating effect.For comparison,calculations for the air-cooled channels are done first at a Reynolds number of 25 000 and inlet coolant-to-wall density ratio of 0.13.The results are compared with the experiment data.Then the flow and heat transfer in steam-cooled channels are analyzed under the same operating conditions.The results indicate that the superheated steam has better heat transfer performance than air.Due to the combined effect of rotation,skewed ribs and 180° sharp turn,the secondary flow pattern in steam-cooled rotating two-pass channels is quite complex.This complex secondary flow pattern leads to strong anisotropic turbulence and high level of anisotropy of Reynolds stresses,which have a significant impact on the local heat transfer coefficient distributions.     

复合工作液提高高速走丝电火花线切割效率研究

从极间放电特性的角度,分析了目前阻碍高速走丝电火花线切割(WEDM-HS)工艺指标提高的原因.指出WEDM-HS在使用含油比例较少的复合工作液作工作介质后,会因为极间冷却状态的改善而获得切割工艺指标的大幅度提高,一次稳定切割的效率已经超过200 mm2/min.     

航空发动机涡轮叶片冷却气膜孔加工去除重熔层技术

为提高叶片工作时的冷却效果,叶片的气膜孔设计的越来越复杂,涡轮叶片的冷却气膜孔加工作为一项重要的技术至为关键。现有的条件下对气膜孔的加工进一步研究,基于挤压磨粒流加工理论,采用挤压磨粒流加工工艺试验方法,对叶片冷却气膜孔做控制磨粒流孔径增加量从而去除重熔层的实验。当磨粒流孔径伽．3增加量为0．04时,孔径蜘．5增加量为0．02时,就可消除重熔层的结果,说明了通过磨粒流去除重熔层和微裂纹具有非常满意的去除效果。     

基于灰色-神经网络联合模型的大型冷却塔风效应预测

基于灰色GM(1,1)模型和BP人工神经网络,建立灰色-神经网络联合的大型冷却塔平均位移和风振系数预测模型。该联合模型增强了预测结果的自适应性和准确性,能解决因气弹模型试验中测点样本数目太少而无法直接建立神经网络预测模型的局限。通过某大型冷却塔气弹模型风洞试验结果的算例分析,表明该组合模型对于平均位移和风振系数的预测结果均与试验结果吻合良好,随后基于已训练的模型给出结构风振反应精细化分析所需的输入参数预测结果。这为冷却塔结构风效应的精细化研究提供了一个新的有效方法。