基于空间特性的弹道特征抽取

首先分析了弹道特征的影响因素,然后利用微分几何的相关知识讨论了弹道特征的抽取问题,进而提出了用曲率/挠率-弧长作为参量提取弹道特征的方法,给出了理论分析和应用说明,最后利用仿真数据进行了验证。仿真结果表明,该方法能够准确反映出导弹的一些机动动作,如姿态调整及弹头抛撒等,在导弹目标识别中具有一定的应用价值。     

航天器近距离视觉制导自主机动轨道优化

研究具有视觉导引路径约束的航天器近距离机动轨道优化数值计算问题。首先,给出了带路径约束的椭圆参考轨道航天器近距离轨道机动最优化问题数学模型。利用高斯伪谱法将上述最优化问题转化为非线性规划问题,优化参数为配点上的状态量和控制量。然后,利用MATLAB的SNOPT软件包对非线性规划问题进行求解。最后通过数值仿真验证了方法的有效性和鲁棒性。     

基于组合优化算法的临近空间飞行器轨迹优化

提出一种临近空间飞行器轨迹优化方法,利用基于支持向量机与遗传算法的组合优化算法,解决多约束条件下的高效轨迹优化问题。首先,建立临近空间飞行器轨迹优化数学模型。然后,通过参数化方法和惩罚函数法将轨迹优化问题转化为约束参数优化问题。在此基础上,提出一种求解无约束参数优化问题的组合优化算法,通过支持向量机对遗传过程中产生的种群进行分类,提高基本遗传算法的计算效率,结合轨迹优化数学模型,给出轨迹优化算法。最后,以临近空间飞行器航程最远轨迹优化问题为例,进行数学仿真分析。仿真结果表明,针对给定的算例,文中提出的方法与基于基本遗传算法的轨迹优化方法相比,计算效率显著提高。     

基于需要轨道的导弹最优迭代制导方法

提出了一种基于需要轨道的导弹最优迭代制导方法,以标准弹道上某点建立需要轨道并确定入轨点参数,通过弹上迭代制导实现最优入轨控制,给出了计算模型。该制导方法无需修正地球扁率和再入阻力的影响,可减小方法误差。仿真计算结果证明方法正确。     

电动帆轨迹优化及其性能分析

电动帆是一种新兴的无推进剂损耗的推进方式,利用太阳风的动能冲力飞行。电动帆由数百根长而细的金属链所组成,这些金属链通过空间飞行器自旋展开,太阳能电子枪向外喷射电子,使金属链始终保持在高度的正电位,这些带电的金属链会排斥太阳风质子,利用太阳风的动能冲力推动空间飞行器驶向目标方向。针对电动帆轨迹优化问题,提出采用Gauss伪谱法进行轨迹优化,克服了间接法对协态变量初值敏感的缺点。考虑在太阳风暴等原因造成特征加速度改变的情况,基于Gauss伪谱法实现电动帆在线轨迹重新规划,提高电动帆对太阳风不确定性的适应能力。最后以太阳系外探测任务为例,对电动帆和太阳帆的性能进行对比,仿真结果表明电动帆在星际远航任务中所用时间较短。     

登月舱上升段最优轨迹设计

为了实现登月舱上升段轨迹的优化,建立了上升段登月舱动力学模型,用单位归一化技术建立了最优控制模型,并以燃料消耗为最优指标,利用Pontryagin极小值原理,将问题转化为时间自由的两点边值问题 TPBVP 。采用了一种基于初值预估方法和向前扫描法求解TPBVP,从而设计出登月舱上升段最优轨迹,并进行了数值仿真。仿真结果表明所设计的算法收敛速度快、可靠性高。     

Electrode design using revolving entity extraction for high-efficiency electric discharge machining of integral shrouded blisk

The integral shrouded blisk provides better performance with minimum weight, but its semi-open structure presents problems for its production. Manufacturing processes of these components require a removal of about 70%-90% of material from their blanks. Multi-axis electrical discharge machining (EDM) is commonly used for these processes, but its poor efficiency cannot meet the requirements of mass production. Strong flushing assisted high-current discharge is able to improve the machining efficiency. In this paper, this method was applied to manufacture the integral shrouded blisk. An electrode design method was proposed. Taking the largest revolving entity inside the flow channel as the base geometry, this laminated arc-shaped hollow electrode meets the requirements such as high pressure flushing, tool wear compensation, and easy to be made. A 4-axis linkage machining tool path with planetary motion was proposed. Taking an integral guide vane ring as an example, it has been experimentally verified that the time consumption for each channel using this method was reduced to a half of the ordinary EDM method, while the finished surface quality remains same.     

Matching trajectory optimization and nonlinear tracking control for HALE

This paper concerns optimal trajectory generation and nonlinear tracking control for stratospheric airship platform of VIA-200. To compensate for the mismatch between the point-mass model of optimal trajectory and the 6-DOF model of the nonlinear tracking problem, a new matching trajectory optimization approach is proposed. The proposed idea reduces the dissimilarity of both problems and reduces the uncertainties in the nonlinear equations of motion for stratospheric airship. In addition, its refined optimal trajectories yield better results under jet stream conditions during flight. The resultant optimal trajectories of VIA-200 are full three-dimensional ascent flight trajectories reflecting the realistic constraints of flight conditions and airship performance with and without a jet stream. Finally, 6-DOF nonlinear equations of motion are derived, including a moving wind field, and the vectorial backstepping approach is applied. The desirable tracking performance is demonstrated that application of the proposed matching optimization method enables the smooth linkage of trajectory optimization to tracking control problems.     

Optimal spacecraft formation establishment and reconfiguration propelled by the geomagnetic Lorentz force

The Lorentz force acting on an electrostatically charged spacecraft as it moves through the planetary magnetic field could be utilized as propellantless electromagnetic propulsion for orbital maneuvering, such as spacecraft formation establishment and formation reconfiguration. By assuming that the Earth’s magnetic field could be modeled as a tilted dipole located at the center of Earth that corotates with Earth, a dynamical model that describes the relative orbital motion of Lorentz spacecraft is developed. Based on the proposed dynamical model, the energy-optimal open-loop trajectories of control inputs, namely, the required specific charges of Lorentz spacecraft, for Lorentz-propelled spacecraft formation establishment or reconfiguration problems with both fixed and free final conditions constraints are derived via Gauss pseudospectral method. The effect of the magnetic dipole tilt angle on the optimal control inputs and the relative transfer trajectories for formation establishment or reconfiguration is also investigated by comparisons with the results derived from a nontilted dipole model. Furthermore, a closed-loop integral sliding mode controller is designed to guarantee the trajectory tracking in the presence of external disturbances and modeling errors. The stability of the closed-loop system is proved by a Lyapunov-based approach. Numerical simulations are presented to verify the validity of the proposed open-loop control methods and demonstrate the performance of the closed-loop controller. Also, the results indicate the dipole tilt angle should be considered when designing control strategies for Lorentz-propelled spacecraft formation establishment or reconfiguration.     

基于遗传算法的航天器再入动态终迹圈研究

为实现航天器安全准确地沿最优飞行轨迹再入,对航天器再入飞行过程中任意时刻飞行状态,在满足所有约束条件下,计算航天器所能达到的地面最大着陆区域,以判断该时刻飞行器能否到达预定着陆点。文章采用改进的遗传算法对航天器再入飞行轨迹进行优化,结合再入动态终迹圈计算方法,实现再入动态终迹圈的仿真计算。通过对仿真结果的对比分析,得到再入动态终迹圈及相应再入飞行轨迹的特性,对航天器再入飞行制导及航迹规划具有一定的借鉴意义。