防空雷达精确预警关键技术研究

精确化防空是未来防空作战的发展趋势,而精确预警是精确防空作战的前提和基础。针对防空雷达精确预警存在的不足,研究了基于“北斗一号”卫星定位系统的精确标定和时间校准的方法,探讨了提高防空雷达预警探测精度的方法,在空间校准、时间统一的基础上研究了雷达组网的数据融合问题。     

面向复杂构型飞机的非定常气动力建模与辨识

不论是现代高机动隐身战斗机的设计需求还是常规布局飞机的飞行动力学分析,深入研究大迎角飞行时的非线性非定常气动力模型都极其重要。基于纵向运动小振幅及大振幅强迫振荡试验数据,分析了常规稳定导数模型的准确性,并从导数模型出发发展了简化涡流和分离流时间迟滞效应的非定常气动力线性模型和非线性模型,最后应用风洞典型机动历程模拟试验验证了模型的有效性。结果表明：对于复杂构型高机动飞机模型,发展并改进的非线性微分方程模型可以准确预测飞机不同机动下的非定常气动力特性,具有较强的工程可行性。     

面向多级中断系统的任务最差响应时间分析

针对航天嵌入式系统中存在多级中断情况下的时间分析问题,提出了中断与任务混合的响应时间计算模型。该模型中断与任务使用统一的优先级定义,将多级中断嵌套的响应时间分析与任务嵌套的响应时间分析相结合,推导出了混合模型下响应时间计算公式。并进一步比较了中断与任务的异同,阐述了公式中关键参数的含义与计算方法。最后利用开源的LEON3平台和Modelsim软件对所述方法进行了仿真验证,结果表明,任务最差响应时间过估小于5%,可以得到准确的分析结果,有较高的工程应用价值。     

遥测伪周期时间序列子序列异常检测算法

针对现有异常检测算法用于伪周期时间序列异常序列检测时易造成误差累积,导致序列周期与特征值上显著差异的不足,文章以卫星遥测伪周期时序数据为对象,综合两种常规分段方法的优势,提出了最大周期窗宽内基于极值的模式子序列分段算法。在此基础上,给出了一种基于均序列动态生成模型的子序列异常检测方法（AnomalySubsequenceDetectionmethodbasedonOptimizedSequenceModel,ASD_OSM）,并采用2次四分位距准则（DoubleQuantilerangescriterion,2Q准则）设置距离检测门限阈值,将超出阈值的序列判定为异常序列。某航天器传感器遥测子序列异常检测试验结果表明,提出的检测方法能够有效减少漏判,提高卫星遥测伪周期数据异常序列检测的准确性。     

机翼用铝合金材料原始疲劳质量对比

当前航空工业的发展对于超高强铝合金材料的需求十分迫切,实现该材料的国产化并达到良好的质量效果至关重要。为了对中国航空工业中常用的7XXX新型铝合金材料的原始疲劳质量（IFQ）进行评估,选取裂纹萌生时间（TTCI）和当量初始缺陷尺寸（EIFS）作为对比参量,分别对中国飞机机翼用7XXX紧固孔试件和俄系BXXX紧固孔试件开展了低、中、高3种应力水平下的疲劳试验,通过对比分析得到了两种试件在不同应力水平下的TTCI趋于一致,最大仅相差3.71%;得到了每个试件的EIFS,应用疲劳统计学方法验证了两种试件材料各自的EIFS值无显著性差异;提出了一种不同超越概率下的结构细节当量初始缺陷模型,直接有效地对飞机结构细节的质量风险进行了评估;建立并对比分析了两种试件结构细节的通用EIFS分布,结果均小于中国军用手册规定的0.125 mm,且在超越概率为5%时,7XXX材料的通用EIFS值要小于BXXX材料的通用EIFS值。     

Adaptive path planning for unmanned aerial vehicles based on bi-level programming and variable planning time interval

This paper presents an adaptive path planner for unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) to adapt a real-time path search procedure to variations and fluctuations of UAVs’ relevant performances, with respect to sensory capability, maneuverability, and flight velocity limit. On the basis of a novel adaptability-involved problem statement, bi-level programming (BLP) and variable planning step techniques are introduced to model the necessary path planning components and then an adaptive path planner is developed for the purpose of adaptation and optimization. Additionally, both probabilistic-risk-based obstacle avoidance and performance limits are described as path search constraints to guarantee path safety and navigability. A discrete-search-based path planning solution, embedded with four optimization strategies, is especially designed for the planner to efficiently generate optimal flight paths in complex operational spaces, within which different surface-to-air missiles (SAMs) are deployed. Simulation results in challenging and stochastic scenarios firstly demonstrate the effectiveness and efficiency of the proposed planner, and then verify its great adaptability and relative stability when planning optimal paths for a UAV with changing or fluctuating performances.     

航空发动机导流叶片角度调节参数变化故障分析

某型发动机低压压气机进口导流叶片角度α1,其电子调节部分执行机构电磁活门的占空比(Sα),在整个调节过程中是起关键作用的重要参数,但在台架试车过程中曾多台次出现在不同次检查时Sα数值变化的故障。通过对α1主调节系统工作原理的深入分析,确定试车中Sα变化故障是由于燃油调节机构掺混入空气所致,并得到试车验证。本研究对发动机试车中类似故障的排除具有重要的参考意义。     

Demonstration of a high sensitivity GNSS software receiver for indoor positioning

Advances in signal processing techniques contributed to the significant improvements of GNSS receiver performance in dense multipath environments and created the opportunities for a new category of high-sensitivity GNSS (HS-GNSS) receivers that can provide GNSS location services in indoor environments. The difficulties in improving the availability, reliability, and accuracy of these indoor capable GNSS receivers exceed those of the receivers designed for the most hostile urban canyon environments. The authors of this paper identified the vector tracking schemes, signal propagation statistics, and parallel processing techniques that are critical to a robust HS-GNSS receiver for indoor environments and successfully incorporated them into a fully functional high-sensitivity software receiver. A flexible vector-based receiver architecture is introduced to combine these key indoor signal processing technologies into GSNRx-hs™ – the high sensitivity software navigation receiver developed at the University of Calgary. The resulting receiver can perform multi-mode vector tracking in indoor environment at various levels of location and timing uncertainties. In addition to the obvious improvements in time-to-first-fix (TTFF) and signal sensitivity, the field test results in indoor environments surrounded by wood, glass, and concrete showed that the new techniques effectively improved the performance of indoor GNSS positioning. With fine GNSS timing, the proposed receiver can consistently deliver indoor navigation solution with the horizontal accuracy of 2–15 m depending on the satellite geometry and the indoor environments. If only the coarse GNSS timing is available, the horizontal accuracy of the indoor navigation solution from the proposed receiver is around 30 m depending on the coarse timing accuracy, the satellite geometry, and the indoor environments. From the preliminary field test results, it has been observed that the signal processing sensitivity is the dominant factor on the availability of the indoor navigation solution, while the GNSS timing accuracy is the dominant factor on the accuracy of the indoor navigation solution.     

GNSS接收机数字载波跟踪环建模与噪声性能分析

针对GNSS接收机高灵敏度跟踪问题,研究数字载波跟踪环热噪声相位颤动与相干积累时间长度的关系.在分析I·Q鉴相器的Costas载波环信号处理流程的基础上,建立了新的环路线性化模型.基于该模型,推导了由最佳模拟环路滤波器双线性变换离散化得到的数字载波跟踪环的噪声性能.数值分析表明:采用I·Q鉴相器的二阶、三阶数字载波环热噪声相位颤动,随相干积累时间的增大先减小后增大,存在热噪声相位颤动最小意义上的最佳相干积累时间.仿真结果验证了理论分析结论,同时表明新建模型对数字载波跟踪环的描述比传统模型更准确.文中给出的各载噪比和环路带宽组合条件下的最佳相干积累时间,可用于指导高灵敏度接收机载波跟踪环设计.     

终端区四维轨迹到达时间的控制与计算

研究的目的是使管制员通过飞行管理计算机计算的结果来较精确地预测飞机到达各航路点的时间范围,在同时有多架飞机进场的情况下合理安排进近顺序。利用向量分解法,分析了飞机在有风情况下,特别是风向风速改变时地速的变化。给出了实时地速的计算方式,指出了通过调节两个航路点间加速度变化的位置来控制飞机到达下一航路点的时间,并给出了到达各航路点时间范围的计算方式。通过计算,管制员不仅可以推测出到达各航路点的高度及时间范围,避免飞行冲突,还能够安全有序的引导飞机按预计时间着陆,减少航班延误量。