金属切削中的Bridgman效应与Merchant切削方程式

本文运用经典力学与金属微观力学原理相结合的方法,分析了金属在切削过程中切削塑性变形的特点,证明了切削过程中的Bridgman效应较在一般材料试验中显著得多,在此基础上得到了关于Merchant切削方程式的新的评价与认识,指出了用Merchant切削方程式解释大量试验结果的可能性与合理性.     

康普顿散射对X射线热激波破坏效应的影响

本文应用ＧＲＡＹ三相物态方程及Ｌａｇｒａｎｇｅ数值模拟方法，计算并讨论了康普顿散射对Ｘ射线热激波及其破坏效应的影响。计算结果表明，对较硬的Ｘ射线谱（１５ｋｅＶＰｌａｎｃｋ谱），康普顿散造成量沉积与热击波峰压明显下降，在ＬＹ－１２铝中，能量沉积的相对差△Ｅ（ｘ）／Ｅ（ｘ）可达９％－２２％，热击波峰压的相对差△ｐｍ（ｘ）／ｐｍ（ｘ）约为１２％。     

高频振荡输气机理的实验研究

应用二维激光多普勒测试仪，对高频振荡通气的气体运输机理作了实验研究。按正交试验设计，得到了在不同状态下，树状人工肺各级气管的速度、湍流度及雷诺数。结果表明，ＨＦＯ是一种更为复杂的气体运输，为临床实践中应用ＨＦＯ输氧提供了理论依据。     

电离层离子丰度对哨声传播经度效应的影响

Iss-b卫星探测结果表明,|电离层离子丰度呈现经度变化.本文选取较真实的电离层模型参数,对130°E和114°E两个子午面内传播的低纬哨声进行了射线跟踪.我们发现,由于[O~+],[He~+]和[H~+]决定的电子浓度垂直梯度的经度变化,导致哨声传播特性的经度效应,使得130°E比114°E内传播的低纬哨声更好地满足透射条件:|μsinδ|≤1.与电子浓度的水平梯度的影响比较,离子丰度决定的电子浓度垂直梯度随经度的变化使哨声传播产生的经度效应明显得多.武昌(地理30.5°N,114.6°E;地磁19.3°N).和鹿儿岛(31.5°N,130.8°E;20.5°N)两台站观测到的哨声出现率的经度效应证实了本文的理论预言.     

燃气轮机燃烧室火焰筒耐温技术的发展与应用

为了理清火焰筒耐温技术的发展脉络,明确未来的发展方向,对火焰筒壁面冷却技术、热障涂层技术与耐高温材料技术进行了综合分析.火焰筒冷却技术是保证火焰筒壁面处于材料允许的安全工作范围内的关键技术,多种冷却技术相结合的复合冷却技术将是今后的重点发展方向,而采用EB-PVD技术进行多层涂履的热障涂层技术将会得到进一步的发展.陶瓷材料由于其特殊的耐高温热氧化能力,将有望成为未来燃烧室火焰筒的主要材料.     

压气机转子叶片叶根断裂故障分析

针对某型燃气轮机磨合试车过程中出现的压气机转子叶片叶根断裂故障,利用故障树的排查方法,从材料、设计、工艺、冶金、实物加工、装配、使用等方面进行了详细的排查,对测量数据进行了深入分析,明确了转、静子碰摩是故障发生的主要原因,转、静子不同心导致涂层和蜂窝发生偏摩,以及转子叶片根部的加工痕迹明显促进了故障的发生.针对故障原因,提出了控制装配和叶片加工质量、改进磨合程序、加强叶片检查的改进措施,使故障得以解决.     

A unifying approach in simulating the shot peening process using a 3D random representative volume finite element model

Using a modified 3D random representative volume (RV) finite element model,the effects of model dimensions (impact region and interval between impact and representative regions),model shapes (rectangular,square,and circular),and peening-induced thermal softening on resultant critical quantities (residual stress,Almen intensity,coverage,and arc height) after shot peening are systematically examined.A new quantity,i.e.,the interval between impact and representative regions,is introduced and its optimal value is first determined to eliminate any boundary effect on shot peening results.Then,model dimensions are respectively assessed for all model shapes to reflect the actual shot peening process,based on which shape-independent critical shot peening quantities are obtained.Further,it is found that thermal softening of the target material due to shot peening leads to variances of the surface residual stress and arc height,demonstrating the necessity of considering the thermal effect in a constitutive material model of shot peeing.Our study clarifies some of the finite element modeling aspects and lays the ground for accurate modeling of the SP process.     

View makes a difference: Presenting human figures from the back or front affects mental spatial transformations of children and adults

Previous research suggested that performance in spatial judgments involving rotated human figures is poorer if these figures are presented from the front than from the back. We further investigated this effect, controlling for visible facial information in front and back view by presenting figures' faces as profile. Children's and adults' judgments were still faster and less error prone if figures were presented from the back. Moreover, reaction times indicated that participants did not mentally rotate figures in front view. Children performed overall more poorly than adults, but there were also qualitative differences suggesting that children are more susceptible to embodiment effects than adults. This study underlines that embodiment may have differential effects in spatial transformation tasks, enhancing or impairing performance.     

改善空中飞行模拟性能的有效方法

利用参数自适应控制技术，提出了一种能够自适应补偿飞机参数变化的快速采样控制律。这种控制律可使用迭代技术在不需要特殊“试验”信号又能自动折算依据检测输入激励而获得的原有数据下，对所需要的阶跃响应阵进行了在线辨识，仿真结果表明，在空中飞行模拟中采用这种参数自适应控制技术，尽管飞机参数突基或缓慢变化，但通过本机参数变化的自适应补偿，仍可有效地保持其跟踪性能，尽管飞机参数突然或缓慢变化，但通过本机参数变化     

Theory of an annular corrugated damper in the vibrator precession motion

The theory for calculating elastodamping characteristics of multilayer corrugated dampers being used in the rotor supports of aircraft gas turbine engines (GTEs), turbo-pump assemblies of rocket engines as well as in different articles of machine building industry is presented.