Progress of the Quantum Experiment Science Satellite (QUESS) Micius Project

The Micius satellite was successfully launched on 16 August 2016, from Jiuquan, China, orbiting at an altitude of about 500 km. The main scientific goals, including satellite-to-ground quantum key distribution, satellite-based quantum entanglement distribution, ground-to-satellite quantum teleportation, and satellite relayed intercontinental quantum network, were achieved in 2017. As a starting point, the Micius satellite has become a platform for quantum science experiments at the space scale. Here, we introduce the latest experimental achievements (in 2018-2020) based on the Micius satellite.     

One-to-one relationship between low latitude whistlers and conjugate source lightning discharges and their propagation characteristics

One-to-one relation with its causative lightning discharges and propagation features of night-time whistlers recorded at low-latitude station, Allahabad (geomag. lat. 16.05°N, L = 1.08), India, from continuous observations made during 1–7 April, 2011 have been studied. The whistler observations were made using the Automatic Whistler Detector (AWD) system and AWESOME VLF receiver. The causative lightning strikes of whistlers were checked in data provided by World-Wide Lightning Location Network (WWLLN). A total of 32 whistlers were observed out of which 23 were correlated with their causative lightnings in and around the conjugate location (geom. lat. 9.87°S) of Allahabad. A multi-flash whistler is also observed on 1 April with dispersions 15.3, 17.5 and 13.6 s^1/2. About 70% (23 out of 32) whistlers were correlated with the WWLLN detected causative lightnings in the conjugate region which supports the ducted mode of propagation at low latitude. The multi-flash and short whistlers also propagated most likely in the ducted mode to this station.     

FY-3A卫星星内辐射剂量评估与分析

对FY-3A卫星近四年的辐射剂量数据进行分析,结果表明,在1 mm铝的等效屏蔽厚度下,星内辐射剂量存在显著的方向性差异,+Y向剂量增长变化显著大于+Z向.深入分析剂量变化与带电粒子辐射关系后发现,太阳质子事件期间的高能质子增长不会对辐射剂量增长变化产生显著影响;而高能电子是剂量增长变化的主要贡献者,其中扰动导致的高能电子通量强增长是使得辐射剂量显著增加的主要原因,并显著影响到卫星+Y向.进一步与工程常用SPENVIS剂量计算结果的对比表明,实测能更好地反映剂量动态变化和方向差异.综上,实测剂量数据对于同类工程星内器件的合理布局和工程防护设计具有一定指导和参考价值.     

基于负载特征聚类的节能资源调度算法

基础设施即服务(IaaS,Infrastructure as a Service)平台提供商为用户提供高性能服务的同时,必须考虑如何在不违反服务级别协议(SLA,Service Level Agreement)的前提下,节约云平台的能耗成本.采用基于负载特征聚类的方法,提出一种IaaS云平台上保证SLA的资源调度算法,最终实现降低SLA违反率和节约能耗的目标.具体采用能耗相关的负载特征提取和改进K-means聚类分析的研究方法,进行资源调度算法研究,对物理资源进行有效分配,以保证IaaS平台节约能耗的要求.实验验证方面,通过扩展CloudSim模拟实验平台,对本研究算法与改进BFD(Best Fit Decreasing)算法进行比较,得出本研究算法在SLA违反率和节能方面更优.      

基于半实物仿真的地磁导航等值线匹配算法评估

影响地磁导航匹配算法性能的因素很多,而现阶段算法的评估完全依靠计算机仿真,其可信性有待进一步验证.以等值线(ICCP)算法为研究对象,首先从理论上分析影响算法性能的因素;然后搭建了地磁匹配导航半实物仿真系统,通过引入磁场仿真环境和磁传感器,提高了仿真的可信度;最后从测量噪声、匹配长度、匹配区域和惯导误差4个方面对ICCP 匹配算法的性能进行半实物仿真试验分析.仿真结果表明,通过半实物仿真试验可以对算法的抗干扰性、算法匹配长度的确定、匹配区域的选择以及惯导误差的影响做出有效评估,从而推动地磁匹配导航及匹配算法的工程化进程.      

组合卫星导航系统的快速选星方法

分析了选星数目与几何精度因子(GDOP, Geometry Dilution of Precision)及导航运算量的关系,基于遗传算法提出了一种以满足用户定位精度需求为条件的快速选星方法——快速遗传选星法.根据用户需求确定选星数目初值、选星数目最大值和GDOP阈值,构造选星方案的初始种群,在进化代数上限为1的条件下对种群进行选择、交叉和变异运算,获得初始选星解,根据初始解的GDOP与阈值的关系确定是否依据GDOP最小原则对初始解进行优化,直至满足算法终止条件,输出选星解.仿真结果表明,该算法可以在一次进化之内以不低于92.45%的概率满足GDOP阈值在2.5~6的要求,同时可有效降低54.75%以上的导航运算量.      

Determination of land surface temperature using precipitable water based Split-Window and Artificial Neural Network in Turkey

Land surface temperature (LST) calculation utilizing satellite thermal images is very difficult due to the great temporal variance of atmospheric water vapor in the atmosphere which strongly affects the thermal radiance incoming to satellite sensors. In this study, Split-Window (SW) and Radial Basis Function (RBF) methods were utilized for prediction of LST using precipitable water for Turkey. Coll 94 Split-Window algorithm was modified using regional precipitable water values estimated from upper-air Radiosond observations for the years 1990–2007 and Local Split-Window (LSW) algorithms were generated for the study area. Using local algorithms and Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) data, monthly mean daily sum LST values were calculated. In RBF method latitude, longitude, altitude, surface emissivity, sun shine duration and precipitable water values were used as input variables of the structure. Correlation coefficients between estimated and measured LST values were obtained as 99.23% (for RBF) and 94.48% (for LSW) at 00:00 UTC and 92.77% (for RBF) and 89.98% (for LSW) at 12:00 UTC. These meaningful statistical results suggest that RBF and LSW methods could be used for LST calculation.     

递推阻尼最小二乘及其在INS/双星组合中应用

由于双星系统的误差模型未知,且稳定性较差,采用Kalman滤波实现惯导(INS)/双星组合导航时,其滤波特性较差;而此时最小二乘法是实际工程应用中常用的方法,但易产生参数爆发现象.因此,提出了一种基于多输入-多输出(MI-MO)系统的递推阻尼最小二乘法,并将其应用到INS/双星组合导航系统中.仿真结果表明,利用递推阻尼最小二乘法能达到和递推最小二乘法同样的精度,且能明显抑制参数爆发现象.      

Ionospheric TEC disturbances over China during the strong geomagnetic storm in September 2017

From September 7 to 8, 2017, a G4-level strong geomagnetic storm occurred, which seriously impacted on the Earth’s ionosphere. In this work, the global ionospheric maps released by Chinese Academy of Sciences are used to investigate the ionospheric responses over China and its adjacent regions during the strong storm. The prominent TEC enhancements, which mainly associated with the neutral wind and eastward prompt penetration electric field, are observed at equatorial ionization anomaly crests during the main phase of the storm on 8 September 2017. Compared with those on 8 September, the TEC enhancements move to lower-latitude regions during the recovery phase on 9 September. A moderate storm occurred well before the start of the strong storm causes similar middle-latitude TEC enhancements on 7 September. However, the weak TEC depletion is observed at middle and low latitude on 9–10 September, which could be associated with the prevailing westward disturbance electric field or storm-time neural composition changes. In addition, the storm-time RMS and STD values of the ionospheric TEC grids over China increase significantly due to the major geomagnetic storm. The maximum of the RMS reaches 12.0 TECU, while the maximum of the STD reaches 8.3 TECU at ~04UT on 8 September.     

多传感器斜置系统故障检测的奇偶向量补偿方法

提出采用神经网络对多传感器斜置组件的奇偶向量进行补偿,从而消除安装误差、刻度系数误差以及常值偏差对奇偶向量的影响,提高系统对小幅值故障检测与隔离的准确性.基于神经网络的方法与卡尔曼滤波、偏差分离估计方法相比,不需要各项误差的动态模型和噪声统计特性.神经网络采用有一定时间延迟的样本进行在线学习时,利用补偿后的奇偶向量能够检测出有一定斜率的斜坡型故障.