New multifrequency measurements of the spectrum of the cosmic background radiation

New measurements of the Cosmic Background Radiation temperature at 12 cm, 6.3 cm, 3 cm, 0.9 cm and 0.3 cm have made in July 1982 from the White Mountain High Altitude Research Station. The results are presented and the existence of spectral distortions discussed.     

Modeling the broadband persistent emission of magnetars

In this paper, we discuss our first attempts to model the broadband persistent emission of magnetars within a self-consistent, physical scenario. We present the predictions of a synthetic model that we calculated with a new Monte Carlo 3D radiative code. The basic idea is that soft thermal photons (e.g. emitted by the star surface) can experience resonant cyclotron upscattering by a population of relativistic electrons treated in the twisted magnetosphere. Our code is specifically tailored to work in the ultra-magnetized regime; polarization and QED effects are consistently accounted for, as well different configurations for the magnetosphere. We discuss the predicted spectral properties in the 0.1–1000 keV range, the polarization properties, and we present the model application to a sample of magnetars soft X-ray spectra.     

The beaming of external Compton emission

We consider a relativistically moving blob consisting of an isotropic electron distribution that Compton-scatters photons from an external isotropic radiation field. We compute the resulting beaming pattern, i.e. the distribution of the scattered photons, in the blob frame as well as in the observer’s frame by using the full Klein–Nishina cross section and the exact incident photon distribution. In the Thomson regime the comparison of our approach with Dermer (1995) results in concurrent characteristics but different absolute number of the scattered photons by a factor of f_corr = 3.09. Additionally, our calculation yields a slightly lower boost factor which varies the more from the corresponding value in Dermer (1995) the higher the spectral index p of the electron distribution gets.     

Fast spacecraft solar radiation pressure modeling by ray tracing on graphics processing unit

A novel method is presented to evaluate on the graphics processing unit (GPU) the force and torque on a spacecraft due to solar radiation pressure. The method employs efficient ray tracing techniques, developed in the graphics rendering discipline, to resolve spacecraft self-shadowing and reflections at faster than real-time computation speed. The primary algorithmic components of the ray tracing process which contribute to the method’s computational efficiency are described. These components include two-level bounding volume hierarchy acceleration data structures, fast ray to bounding box intersection testing using the slab intersection algorithm and fast triangle intersection testing using the Möller-Trumbore algorithm. Spacecraft material optical properties are represented as a combination of Lambertian diffuse and ideal specular reflections. Both diffuse and specular ray-surface interactions are modeled. The approach is implemented using C++ and OpenCL and executed on a consumer grade GPU. Model validation is presented comparing ray traced force and torque values to the same quantities produce by a faceted analytic model. Numerical results illustrate the impact of self-shadowing on the force and torque calculation, and demonstrate the fast computational speed that is enabled with this implementation.     

真空电子辐照对碳纤维/ 氰酸酯复合材料的影响

利用空间带电粒子模拟设备模拟真空电子辐照环境,研究真空电子辐照条件下碳纤维/氰酸酯复合材料层间剪切强度和质量损失率变化规律,并利用XPS和SEM对辐照前后复合材料表面性质和断口形貌进行分析和表征。结果表明:150 keV真空电子辐照作用对碳纤维/氰酸酯复合材料表面影响较大,随着真空电子辐照注量增加复合材料质量损失率先快速增加后趋于平缓,而层间剪切强度先增加后略有降低。     

冷热两股气流在圆管内掺混的速度场、温度场与辐射通量场的数值方法

用数值方法求解冷热两股轴对称平行射流在圆管内掺混的流场、温度场和辐射通量场。计算采用一种通用性的数值方法,其特点是强烈地以物理本质为基础,而不仅仅是单纯的数学推导。这样做,能方便地分析和解释计算结果,使之更真实地接近于实际。 通过计算,分析了当引射系数改变时,掺混的流场,温度场和辐射通量场的变化规律,其结果与实验数据比较一致。     

椭圆截面喷管排气辐射热流数值分析

文中对直升机红外抑制器椭圆截面喷管排气的辐射热流进行数值分析,并预估排气温度分布、速度和燃气成分分布对辐射热流的影响。为了计算辐射热流和考虑尾焰对周围环境的传热,采用形式简单并可用通用方程计算程序计算的六热流辐射模型。由于排气流场内温度和密度变化较大,故紊流模型采用考虑密度变化的修正双方程k-ε模型。本文中所用的比热C_(pm)是随气流温度和成分而变化,温度用迭代法求得。喷管出口截面为椭圆形,排气为三元自由射流,控制方程为三元抛物形偏微分方程,可采用前进积分求解,这样既可满足计算精度要求,又可节省机时。并根据三元喷流周向边界条件周期性变化的特点,采用CTDMA解法。计算结果与试验结果基本一致,说明本计算方法是可行的。     

热空腔-喷气流的组合辐射

讨论了热空腔(喷气发动机的加力筒)和喷气流的组合辐射问题, 推演了组合辐射的辐射传输微分方程, 导出了有边界辐射条件下的解。讨论了由多个温度不同的壁面组成且腔内充满高温燃气的热空腔辐射传输方程解的具体形式, 导出了它向后半球的光谱辐射强度的表达式;同时还推导了热空腔-喷气流组合辐射的光谱辐射强度的表达式。最后给出算例, 算例结果表明, 热空腔-喷气流组合辐射的空间分布具有与实测分布较一致的梨形包络, 其光谱分布也与实测的光谱分布的一致性较好。      

氰酸酯树脂的发展概况

扼要从氰酸酯树脂的固化反应、改性途径和商品化氨酸酯树脂的特点等几方面介绍了国外近年来氰酸酯树脂的发展概况。氰酸酯树脂可作为航空高性能透波材料和结构复合材料的基体树脂使用。     

耐高温有机硅树脂的合成及其耐热和固化性能研究

以甲基和苯基氯硅烷为单体,采用水解缩聚的方法合成有机硅树脂,并对影响有机硅树脂合成的有关因素进行了研究。结果表明,当水解温度为70℃,控制水用量n(H2O)／n(c1)在8:1-5:1的范围内时,可合成出易溶于甲苯的有机硅树脂。红外光谱(IR)显示,合成的硅树脂含有端羟基。采用热失重法(TG)、热失重的微分曲线法(DTG)和马弗炉烧蚀试验研究有机硅树脂耐的热性能和室温固化性能,并对KH-CL和三乙醇胺两种室温固化剂对硅树脂的耐热性能的影响进行了对比研究。结果表明,在氩气气氛下,硅树脂具有很高的耐热性能,它的起始分解温度为400℃,热失重主要由400-500℃时"解扣式"降解和500℃之后的"重排"降解引起。但在空气气氛下,由于有机基团的氧化分解,硅树脂的耐热性有所下降。KH-CL可使硅树脂在室温条件下固化,固化后硅树脂的耐热性能提高。