氢燃料双模态冲压模型发动机M6的试验研究

笔者研究了一个有突扩台阶的氢燃料高超声速冲压发动机模型的气体动力学特性和推力特性。氢气从位于燃烧室突扩台阶后的支板逆来流喷注,测量了氢气燃烧状态下模型发动机壁面的压力分布和推力收益数据。实验结果表明,在氢气的当量油气比为0.35～0.8的范围,在本模型流道构型条件下,氢气自燃,并随当量油气比的增加,燃烧室内压力增加,获得的推力收益增大,最大推力收益达到500N。实验在CARDC的脉冲燃烧风洞中进行,实验马赫数为6,总温1850K,总压5.5MPa。     

基于立体视觉的孔探分析系统及其应用

孔探分析在现代航空发动机故障诊断中一直发挥着重要的作用，开发基于立体视觉的孔探分析系统，对提高故障诊断水平和预测准确度，节约发动机维护成本有着重要的现实意义，系统利用立体视觉技术以及图像处理技术，完成了对双目视觉左右图像的标定和匹配，实现了对实体表面的三维测量和立体重建，本文介绍了基于立体视觉的孔探分析系统的基本原理与主要功能，并结合应用实例验证了系统的有效性。     

炮风洞中进行高温喷流底部热流、压力测量试验

本文介绍了在北京空气动力研究所炮风洞 M 数为6、7、8的气流中进行具有高温喷流的模型底部热流和压力测量试验的有关试验技术。试验结果表明底部对流热流和压力测量值随外流 M 数增大而减小,他们都大于无外流时的测值。辐射热流不受外流影响。     

火烧炉内气相燃烧过程的三维数值模拟

本文对某工业火烧炉内的三维湍流气相燃烧场特性进行了数值模拟,湍流模型采用可实现k-ε双方程模型,湍流燃烧采用有限速率/涡耗散模型,辐射换热采用P1模型,数值方法采用SIMPLE算法,实现了炉内火烧试验的数值再现,特别考察了入口压力、燃料/空气比、多烧嘴不同组合工况等因素对炉内温度场和流场的影响,并对该火烧炉的运行提出了一些合理化建议,为其实际运行提供了有益的参考。     

用Radon变换迭代法重建含有遮挡物的三维折射率场

本文通过计算机模拟研究，结合气体折射率场的光验知识．考查了将Ｒａｄｏｎ变换迭代法用于光学干涉层析计量含有遮挡物的三维折射率场的重建精度。作为一个应用实例，测量和计算了某一截面的气体温度分布，并与热电偶测量的值进行了比较。     

喷流噪声特性与控制研究

本文着重研究喷流噪声机理及工程计算方法。通过实验研究了声功率与喷流速度的关系,表明在Mα>0.4时Lighthill方程和Lilley方程均与实验数据吻合,可分别使用。而Mα<0.4时,均偏差较大,通过本文实验表明,若改为6次方关系较为恰当。文章同时对喷流噪声指向性、谱特性进行了分析。最后对一种引射消声器进行了发展性研究,获得在135dB噪声条件下,降噪17dB的效果。     

New multifrequency measurements of the spectrum of the cosmic background radiation

New measurements of the Cosmic Background Radiation temperature at 12 cm, 6.3 cm, 3 cm, 0.9 cm and 0.3 cm have made in July 1982 from the White Mountain High Altitude Research Station. The results are presented and the existence of spectral distortions discussed.     

基于微型涡喷发动机热喷流的无源流体推力矢量喷管的控制规律

流体推力矢量喷管型面固定、活动部件少、结构重量轻，能够为高机动飞行器提供有效的飞行控制手段，但无源流体推力矢量喷管热喷流的偏转控制规律尚未完全掌握。为了推进无源流体推力矢量技术的实用化，本文设计研制了适用于微型涡喷发动机的耐高温喷管模型，对该喷管在微型涡喷发动机热喷流状态下的控制规律进行研究。利用非接触光学显示和测量手段——红外热成像拍摄和粒子图像测速（PIV）技术对主射流流动特性进行研究，获得流动矢量角随二次流控制阀门闭合度变化的控制规律；利用六分量盒式天平测力实验研究无源流体推力矢量喷管的力学特性，获得推力矢量角随二次流控制阀门闭合度变化的控制规律。研究结果表明：该构型喷管在微型涡喷发动机热喷流下主射流连续可控偏转，最大流动矢量角为-12.3°/12.3°，最大推力矢量角为-12.9°/12.8°，控制规律接近线性，不存在主射流偏转突跳问题。     

Families of halo orbits in the elliptic restricted three-body problem for a solar sail with reflectivity control devices

Solar sail halo orbits designed in the Sun-Earth circular restricted three-body problem (CR3BP) provide inefficient reference orbits for station-keeping since the disturbance due to the eccentricity of the Earth’s orbit has to be compensated for. This paper presents a strategy to compute families of halo orbits around the collinear artificial equilibrium points in the Sun-Earth elliptic restricted three-body problem (ER3BP) for a solar sail with reflectivity control devices (RCDs). In this non-autonomous model, periodic halo orbits only exist when their periods are equal to integer multiples of one year. Here multi-revolution halo orbits with periods equal to integer multiples of one year are constructed in the CR3BP and then used as seeds to numerically continue the halo orbits in the ER3BP. The linear stability of the orbits is analyzed which shows that the in-plane motion is unstable while the out-of-plane motion is neutrally stable and a bifurcation is identified. Finally, station-keeping is performed which shows that a reference orbit designed in the ER3BP is significantly more efficient than that designed in the CR3BP, while the addition of RCDs improve station-keeping performance and robustness to uncertainty in the sail lightness number.     

Aerodynamic performance enhancement for flapping airfoils by co-flow jet

Introducing active flow control into the design of flapping wing is an effective way to enhance its aerodynamic performance. In this paper, a novel active flow control technology called Co-Flow Jet (CFJ) is applied to flapping airfoils. The effect of CFJ on aerodynamic performance of flapping airfoils at low Reynolds number is numerically investigated using Unsteady Reynolds Averaged Navier-Stokes (URANS) simulation with Spalart-Allmaras (SA) turbulence model. Numerical methods are validated by a NACA6415-based CFJ airfoil case and a S809 pitching airfoil case. Then NACA6415 baseline airfoil and NACA6415-based CFJ airfoil with jet-off and jet-on are simulated in flapping motion, with Reynolds number 70,000 and reduced frequency 0.2. As a result, CFJ airfoils with jet-on generally have better lift and thrust characteristics than baseline airfoils and jet-off airfoil when C_μ is greater than 0.04, which results from the CFJ effect of reducing flow separation by injecting high-energy fluid into boundary layer. Besides, typical kinematic and geometric parameters, including the reduced frequency and the positions of the suction and injection slot, are systematically studied to figure out their influence on aerodynamic performance of the CFJ airfoil. And a variable C_μ jet control strategy is proposed to further improve effective propulsive efficiency. Compared with using constant C_μ, an increase of effective propulsive efficiency by 22.6% has been achieved by using prescribed variable C_μ for NACA6415-based CFJ airfoil at frequency 0.2. This study may provide some guidance to performance enhancement for Flapping wing Micro Air Vehicles (FMAV).