ANALYSIS OF LOCATION ACCURACY FOR AN EMITTER USING SATELLITE- MOUNTED INTERFEROMETER

ＡＮＡＬＹＳＩＳＯＦＬＯＣＡＴＩＯＮＡＣＣＵＲＡＣＹＦＯＲＡＮＥＭＩＴＴＥＲＵＳＩＮＧＳＡＴＥＬＬＩＴＥ┐ＭＯＵＮＴＥＤＩＮＴＥＲＦＥＲＯＭＥＴＥＲＺｈｏｕＹｉｙｕ（周一宇）,ＧｕｏＺｈｉｇａｎｇ（郭志刚）（ＮａｔｉｏｎａｌＵｎｉｖｅｒｓｉｔｙｏｆＤ...     

四元数的核心矩阵及其在航天器姿态控制中的应用

基于旋转群代数,以航天器姿态控制研究为背景,提出了四元数的核心矩阵的概念。以此为中心,首先导出了核心矩阵本身、逆、行列式及其导数的若干关系式,然后应用核心矩阵得到了四元数姿态误差及其运动学关系的非常简洁的表示形式,最后利用核心矩阵证明了用缩减四元数为广义坐标和以常规 Euler角为广义坐标对描述航天器姿态动力学的等效性。研究结果可应用于航天器的快速、大角度和三维姿态机动控制     

液体姿控火箭发动机地面试验热结构分析

以液膜冷却结合辐射冷却的液体姿控火箭发动机为研究对象,采用一体化计算模型分析传热,同时应用有限元方法对给定温度条件的热结构进行了耦合分析,最后讨论了推力室在外压作用及温度载荷条件下结构的屈曲稳定性.计算结果与参考的试验结果接近,最高温度误差为3.67%,说明该一体化计算传热模型的有效性.考虑热载荷作用得到的屈曲载荷值较...     

弹射救生数值仿真及不利姿态下救生性能分析

 国内弹射座椅救生性能预测分析主要依赖地面弹射试验。由于国内相关试验设备的缺乏,不利姿态下弹射座椅的救生性能很难通过试验获得,因此国内不利姿态下弹射座椅救生性能的分析研究比较薄弱。采用数值仿真的方法对弹射座椅的救生性能进行预测和分析,针对弹射座椅弹射过程的4个阶段分别建立了数学模型,其中自由飞阶段采用四元数法代替欧拉速率方程,以解决传统的六自由度方程出现的奇异性问题。采用四阶龙格-库塔法对数学模型进行求解,计算结果与地面弹射试验结果吻合较好。在此基础上,对某新型弹射座椅的弹射姿态轨迹进行计算,分析研究了弹射座椅在不利姿态下的救生性能,得到不利姿态下弹射座椅救生性能不佳的主要原因是座椅高速稳定性差以及飞机向下的牵连速度和飞机滚转角的影响,并根据分析结果提出了改善弹射座椅不利姿态下救生性能的基本方法。     

一种基于类间方差的地平线检测算法

 针对视觉导航中用于微型飞行器（MAV）稳定飞行控制的地平线提取问题,提出一种基于类间方差的地平线检测算法。该算法使用角度和距离两个变量进行图像中直线的穷举,选取像素的蓝色分量作为区分天地的特征,利用类间方差构造判别准则进行直线的最优选择,从而实现地平线的检测。实验结果表明：与基于色彩协方差矩阵的地平线检测算法相比,本文算法对地平线检测的平均角度误差减少1°,距离误差减少3个像素,角度和距离参数的检测正确率分别提高1.98%和4.95%,且具有良好的速度特性。     

Adaptive Integral-type Sliding Mode Control for Spacecraft Attitude Maneuvering Under Actuator Stuck Failures

A fault tolerant control (FTC) design technique against actuator stuck faults is investigated using integral-type sliding mode control (ISMC) with application to spacecraft attitude maneuvering control system. The principle of the proposed FTC scheme is to design an integral-type sliding mode attitude controller using on-line parameter adaptive updating law to compensate for the effects of stuck actuators. This adaptive law also provides both the estimates of the system parameters and external disturbances such that a prior knowledge of the spacecraft inertia or boundedness of disturbances is not required. Moreover, by including the integral feedback term, the designed controller can not only tolerate actuator stuck faults, but also compensate the disturbances with constant components. For the synthesis of controller, the fault time, patterns and values are unknown in advance, as motivated from a practical spacecraft control application. Complete stability and performance analysis are presented and illustrative simulation results of application to a spacecraft show that high precise attitude control with zero steady-error is successfully achieved using various scenarios of stuck failures in actuators.     

一种精确鲁棒的刚体航天器特征轴旋转控制策略(英文)

特征轴旋转表征了两个方位之间的最短角路径,通常被看做是一种拟最小时间的快速姿态机动策略。本文在动力学方程中考虑了外部扰动和系统参数不确定性,基于时变滑模控制技术(TVSMC)研究了刚体航天器特征轴旋转的鲁棒控制问题。首先,通过一个TVSMC算法揭示了所提出鲁棒特征轴旋转策略的主要特点,并且证明了全局滑模的特点和闭环系统的稳定性,给出了特征轴旋转的必要条件。然后,为了抑制全局抖振,提高控制精度,提出了一种基于扰动观测器的时变滑模控制(DOTVSMC)算法。其中,采用边界层方法来削弱抖振并设计了扰动观测器来补偿不期望的影响。在航天器的姿态表征参数选择上,采用了没有冗余性的修正罗德里格斯参数(MRP)。最后,采用数值仿真来验证提出方法的有效性,并采用调宽调频(PWPF)技术来调制开关推力器。     

升降舵辅助操纵的自转旋翼机自适应姿态控制

针对常规自转旋翼机俯仰操纵方式存在的问题,提出了一种升降舵辅助操纵的自转旋翼机布局。采用解析叶素积分方法建立了自转旋翼气动模型,通过与风洞试验数据及数值叶素积分法的对比验证了其合理性。提出了基于神经网络动态逆的自转旋翼机姿态控制方法,采用动态逆技术设计了基本控制器,采用在线神经网络自适应补偿建模误差、外界干扰和设计模型误差导致的不确定逆误差。提出了基于动态控制分配技术的升降舵-旋翼纵向周期变距分配方法,以协调二者在控制效率和带宽方面的差异。仿真结果表明,提出的升降舵辅助操纵方式可以有效地降低旋翼机桨盘的调整频率和幅值;提出的姿态控制方法具有良好的控制性能和鲁棒性;动态控制分配器能够合理地协调升降舵和旋翼纵向周期变距。     

Simulative technology for auxiliary fuel tank separation in a wind tunnel

In this paper,we propose a simulative experimental system in wind tunnel conditions for the separation of auxiliary fuel tanks from an aircraft.The experimental system consists of a simulative release mechanism,a scaled model and a pose measuring system.A new release mechanism was designed to ensure stability of the separation.Scaled models of the auxiliary fuel tank were designed and their moment of inertia was adjusted by installing counterweights inside the model.Pose parameters of the scaled model were measured and calculated by a binocular vision system.Additionally,in order to achieve high brightness and high signal-to-noise ratio of the images in the dark enclosed wind tunnel,a new high-speed image acquisition method based on miniature self-emitting units was presented.Accuracy of the pose measurement system and repeatability of the separation mechanism were verified in the laboratory.Results show that the position precision of the pose measurement system can reach 0.1 mm,the precision of the pitch and yaw angles is less than 0.1° and that of the roll angle can be up to 0.3°.Besides,repeatability errors of models' velocity and angular velocity controlled by the release mechanism remain small,satisfying the measurement requirements.Finally,experiments for the separation of auxiliary fuel tanks were conducted in the laboratory.     

基于磁强计测量的微小卫星轨道姿态 耦合确定方法

针对基于磁强计测量的微小卫星, 提出了基于串并联混合策略的轨道姿态 耦合确定方法。滤波初期,考虑到估计误差较大,采用先地磁场大小测量的轨道确定、 后地磁场矢量测量的姿态确定的串联策略;稳定后,采用基于矢量测量的轨道、姿态同 步确定的并联策略。为降低轨道、姿态确定的相互影响,设计了基于信息的鲁棒Kalman 滤波,通过自动调节增益矩阵处理两个滤波系统间的影响。仿真表明,该方法在提高鲁 棒性的同时,还能适当提高状态估计的精度。