Study of GNSS-measured ionospheric total electron content variations generated by powerful HF-heating

The purpose of this work is to report the experimental evidences for the influence of perturbations in the electron density in the dayside mid-latitude ionosphere, that are caused by high-frequency heating of the F2 layer, on the GNSS signals. The experiments were carried out at the Sura heater (Radio Physical Research Institute, N. Novgorod). During the sessions of ionospheric heating with different time modulations of the radiated power the rays linking the navigational satellites with the ground receiver intersected the heated region. Variations in the total electron content (TEC) were studied; these variations are proportional to the reduced phases of navigational signals. It is shown that with the square-wave modulation of the radiated power (with periods of 1, 6, 10 and 15 min), perturbations with periods of the main modulation of heating and its harmonics appear in the spectrum of TEC variations. Examples are presented of identification of the heating-induced variations in TEC, including determination of the amplitudes and time characteristics of these variations.     

等离子体气动激励抑制压气机叶栅角区流动分离的仿真与实验

进行了等离子体气动激励抑制低速压气机叶栅角区流动分离的数值仿真研究,并进行了实验验证.小攻角情况下,叶片吸力面角区流动分离导致显著的尾迹总压损失.来流速度为50 m/s(雷诺数为223 000)时,等离子体气动激励可以有效的抑制角区流动分离,降低总压损失.激励电压、频率分别为10 kV和22 kHz时,50%叶高处的尾迹压力分布基本不变,60%和70%叶高处的最大总压损失分别减小了13.83%和10.74%.增加激励电极组数或激励电压,可以增强抑制效果.      

合金脉冲电弧焊接技术进展

为实现航空航天铝合金关键结构件的高效可靠连接,焊接加工已成为主导工艺方法之一,其中电弧焊以其自身的特点和优势,仍然是应用最为广泛的焊接技术.脉冲电弧焊是一种较先进的焊接方法,脉冲电流的加入对电弧焊接过程及质量均产生显著影响,有利于改善和提高铝合金的焊接质量,具有很好的工程推广应用前景.     

质量管理体系中的计量保证工作研究

计量保证是型号产品质量管理的重要组成,是保证型号研制、生产、试验、使用中单位统一、量值准确可靠的重要手段,为支撑型号创新发展和保证型号产品质量发挥着基础性保障性作用。经过多年发展,计量保证已逐步融入型号质量工作,并通过质量管理条例、计量监督管理条例等相关法规和标准得到进一步的巩固,有力地支撑着型号的研制生产。新时期,型号产品发展为计量保证工作提出了新要求、新问题和新挑战,本文对型号计量保证工作的现状、发展需求和存在的不足进行了分析,并提出了后续的工作建议。     

氙离子推力器束流分布特性研究

建立了离子推力器束流分布的高斯模型,以200mm氙离子推力器为例,在不同工作环境下对推力器束流分布进行了数值模拟,并通过试验测量了推力器引出切面不同位置(轴向z=50mm,z=100mm)下的径向束电流密度和束离子密度分布。通过对数值模拟结果与试验测量结果的比较,误差为17%,认为数值模拟结果与试验测量结果吻合较好。表明离子推力器引出束流呈轴对称分布,在推力器出口附近,束离子密度很大,越往下游,密度越小且束流出现发散。     

He-like Ar xvii triplet observed by RESIK

We present the observations of He-like Ar triplet lines obtained by RESIK spectrometer aboard CORONAS-F. Interpretation of intensity ratios between triplet lines of lower Z elements is known to provide useful diagnostics of plasma conditions within the emitting source. Here, we investigate whether triplet line ratios are useful for interpretation of higher Z element spectra. A high sensitivity, low background and precise absolute calibration of RESIK allow to consider in addition also the continuum contribution. This provides a way to determine the Ar absolute abundance from the observed triplet component ratios. The method is presented and the results are shown for two selected flares. Derived values of Ar absolute abundance for these flares are found to be similar: 2.6 × 10⁻⁶ and 2.9 × 10⁻⁶. They fall in the range between presently accepted Ar photospheric and coronal abundances.     

Remote upgrading of a space-borne instrument

The main purposes of experiment “Obstanovka” (“Environment” in Russian) consisting of several instruments are to measure a set of electromagnetic and plasma phenomena characterizing the space weather conditions, and to evaluate how such a big and highly energy consuming body as the International Space Station disturbs the surrounding plasma, and how the station itself is charged due to the operation of so many instruments, solar batteries, life supporting devices, etc. Two identical Langmuir electrostatic probes are included in the experiment “Obstanovka”. In this paper the Langmuir probes for “Obstanovka” experiment are described, including the choice of geometry (spherical or cylindrical), a more reliable method for the sweep voltage generation, an adaptive algorithm for the probe’s operation. Special attention is paid to the possibility for remote upgrading of the instrument from the ground using the standard communication channels.     

电弧加热发动机温度和速度的测量

本文着重介绍光谱辐射法、激光诱导荧光法、静电探针法等接触式和非接触式测量技术在电弧加热发动机 (Arcjet)参数测量中的应用。讨论了电子温度、重粒子温度、羽流速度等参数的测量 ,并对一些结果进行了分析与论证 ,指出非热力学平衡态下不同的测量技术测量的是不同的温度指标。从测量技术的发展来看 ,激光测量技术将成为参数测量的主导技术。     

等离子体表面技术的研究与应用

概述了离子注入、离子束沉积、等离子喷涂、离子镀、等离子体增强化学气相沉积、等离子体化学热处理和双层辉光离子渗金属等等离子体表面技术的基本原理和最新进展,并给出了部分典型实例。     

Relationship Between Substorm Auroras and Processes in the Near-Earth Magnetotail

Although the auroral substorm has been long regarded as a manifestation of the magnetospheric substorm, a direct relation of active auroras to certain magnetospheric processes is still debatable. To investigate the relationship, we combine the data of the UV imager onboard the Polar satellite with plasma and magnetic field measurements by the Geotail spacecraft. The poleward edge of the auroral bulge, as determined from the images obtained at the LHBL passband, is found to be conjugated with the region where the oppositely directed fast plasma flows observed in the near-Earth plasma sheet during substorms are generated. We conclude that the auroras forming the bulge are due to the near-Earth reconnection process. This implies that the magnetic flux through the auroral bulge is equal to the flux dissipated in the magnetotail during the substorm. Comparison of the magnetic flux through the auroral bulge with the magnetic flux accumulated in the tail lobe during the growth phase shows that these parameters have the comparable values. This is a clear evidence of the loading–unloading scheme of substorm development. It is shown that the area of the auroral bulge developing during substorm is proportional to the total (magnetic plus plasma) pressure decrease in the magnetotail. These findings stress the importance of auroral bulge observations for monitoring of substorm intensity in terms of the magnetic flux and energy dissipation.