两相脉冲爆轰发动机尾喷管的实验研究

为了提高脉冲爆轰发动机的推进性能,实验研究了12种不同构型尾喷管对火箭式两相脉冲爆轰发动机爆轰特性和推进性能的影响,并对各类尾喷管的增推原因进行分析。结果表明满填充工况下各类喷管内的爆轰特性不尽相同,收敛喷管可得到最大压力峰值;在满填充工况下频率为10Hz时12种喷管构型中拉伐尔喷管的推力增益最大,塞式收敛扩张喷管其次;拉伐尔喷管的出口面积比对推力增益有较大影响,但收敛段-扩张段长度比对推力增益影响甚微。     

脉冲爆震火箭发动机同轴喷注器实验研究

为了使液态燃料在脉冲爆震火箭发动机爆震室内形成雾化均匀的小液滴,并且与气态氧化剂掺混后形成空间分布均匀的混合气,设计了适用于脉冲爆震火箭发动机的气液同轴剪切式喷注器。实验研究了三种喷注器结构对脉冲爆震发动机工作过程的影响,结果表明,采用同轴剪切式喷注器的脉冲爆震发动机在20Hz能够产生稳定、连续和充分发展的爆震波。实验中发现,在同时满足雾化良好以及爆震室填充均匀的条件下,喷注器的出气口存在一个最佳面积,实验研究中喷注器出气口的最佳直径在12mm左右。     

脉冲爆震火箭发动机高频实验研究

为了研究脉冲爆震发动机的高频工作特性,以航空煤油和压缩氧气为推进剂,采用爆震增强装置,增大推进剂供给压力以及增大电磁阀控制气压力等措施,在脉冲爆震火箭发动机模型上进行了实验,成功获得45Hz时的爆震压力波形。实验结果表明,频率增高,爆震波峰值压力下降,有利于加速缓燃向爆震的转变(Defla-gration to Detonation Transition,DDT)。当爆震充分发展时,爆震波波速基本不变,峰值压力上升时间趋于定值。工作频率为45 Hz时,爆震波峰值的压力为3.2 MPa,爆震波的波速为1 715.5m/s。     

PWM型半桥式开关稳压电源的设计

介绍了一款基于PWM技术的半桥式开关稳压电源.给出了高频变压器、PWM控制及驱动电路的详细设计方法.用该方法设计了一台功率为150 W、输出电压为 15 V的半桥式开关稳压电源,并给出了实验波形.     

Multiple model particle flter track-before-detect for range ambiguous radar

The middle pulse repetition frequency（MPRF）and high pulse repetition frequency（HPRF）modes are widely adopted in airborne pulse Doppler（PD）radar systems,which results in the problem that the range measurement of targets is ambiguous.The existing data processing based range ambiguity resolving methods work well on the condition that the signal-to-noise ratio（SNR）is high enough.In this paper,a multiple model particle flter（MMPF）based track-beforedetect（TBD）method is proposed to address the problem of target detection and tracking with range ambiguous radar in low-SNR environment.By introducing a discrete variable that denotes whether a target is present or not and the discrete pulse interval number（PIN）as components of the target state vector,and modeling the incremental variable of the PIN as a three-state Markov chain,the proposed algorithm converts the problem of range ambiguity resolving into a hybrid state fltering problem.At last,the hybrid fltering problem is implemented by a MMPF-based TBD method in the Bayesian framework.Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed Bayesian approach can estimate target state as well as the PIN simultaneously,and succeeds in detecting and tracking weak targets with the range ambiguous radar.Simulation results also show that the performance of the proposed method is superior to that of the multiple hypothesis（MH）method in low-SNR environment.     

基于自适应谱峰搜索的脉冲重复间隔最大似然估计

高精度的脉冲重复间隔（PRI）估计对于提高现代电子情报（ELINT）系统的辐射源识别能力具有重要意义。将观测的脉冲到达时间（TOA）序列建模成点过程信号,其周期图谱谱峰就对应于PRI的最大似然估计（MLE）。本文提出了一个“两步数值搜索”策略,可以确保搜索到谱峰而达到MLE。仿真表明,在低信噪比以及高脉冲丢失率条件下,本文算法性能远超已有算法。     

铜颗粒污染物对变压器油运动黏度的影响

变压器油中铜颗粒污染物的存在极易影响油液的理化性能,甚至导致重大生产事故,因而根据ISO4406:1999标准,配制了24组不同污染度的含铜颗粒油样并通过实验测试了变压器油样的运动黏度性能（40℃）,获得了实验范围内铜颗粒污染度对油液运动黏度的影响规律;然后根据测试数据采用偏最小二乘（PLS）法和支持向量机（SVM）法建立了油样中不同粒径、含量的铜颗粒与油液运动黏度的数学模型,探讨了不同粒径、含量的铜颗粒污染物对油液运动黏度的影响规律。结果表明:随着铜颗粒污染度的增加,油液的运动黏度减小;铜颗粒污染物粒径在15～25 μm范围内对油液运动黏度的影响较大,且粒径越大,油液运动黏度也越大;所建立SVM模型对验证集进行预测的相关系数和均方根误差（RMSE）分别是0.962 6、4.597×10-5。为消除实验误差,减少人为因素的影响比较准确地掌握铜颗粒污染物对油液运动黏度的影响提供了新的途径。      

基于TDOA的非同步照射辐射源定位算法

针对现有基于信号到达时差（TDOA）的定位算法难以适应辐射源信号非同步到达的定位问题,提出了一种新的非同步照射辐射源定位算法。该算法利用脉冲样本图外推各站辐射源脉冲的到达时间（TOA）序列,进而计算TDOA序列（TDOAs）,解决了非同步照射引起的TDOA计算困难问题,通过两条双曲线的渐近线交点求取初值,通过牛顿迭代法实现对辐射源位置的估计。最后给出的数值仿真结果验证了该方法的有效性。     

回流型脉冲爆震燃烧室工作特性分析

为了获得回流型脉冲爆震燃烧室在不同工作频率下的工作特性,通过试验和数值相结合的方法对该爆震室工作频率10~30Hz时的出口燃气总压、总温、流量变化规律以及该爆震室的增压能力进行了测试与计算分析。结果表明：出口燃气总压、总温具有极高的峰值和较高的平台区,其工作频率10~30Hz时,压力平台值为0.36~0.91MPa,时均温度为710~1270K。此外,该爆震室排气流量十分集中,以10Hz为例,在一个爆震循环的16%时间内,排出了整个循环60.5%的燃气。为此对出口燃气总压进行质量加权平均,发现该爆震室的增压比随工作频率的增加而降低,在2.05~2.37。     

Experimental characteristics of a two-electrode plasma synthetic jet actuator array in serial

Plasma Synthetic Jet (PSJ) actuators have shown wide and promising application prospects in high-speed flow control, due to their advantages including high exhaust speed, wide frequency band, rapid response, and non-moving components. Although previous studies on PSJ actuators are abundant, most of them have focused on the performance of a single actuator. However, in practice, an actuator array is very necessary for large-scale aerodynamic actuation on account of the small affected area of a single PSJ. In this paper, the characteristics of a two-electrode plasma synthetic jet actuator array in serial are investigated experimentally. Compared to a parallel actuator array, the serial actuator array requires simpler power supply design and is much easier to realize. High-speed photography of the discharge evolution, voltage-current measurement, and shadowgraphy visualization are used in the investigation. Experimental results show that, for the serial actuator array, weak discharges happen firstly between energized and suspending electrodes, and then a strong pulse arc discharge is triggered. The breakdown voltage in serial is irrelevant to such factors as the number of actuators, the maximum or minimum gap in serial, the connection sequence, etc. It is mainly determined by the sum of gaps. For serial actuators with the same anode-to-cathode spacing, the energy deposition is the same, and the jet is synchronous and similar. Because of the entrainment and merging of adjacent jet vortices, the jet front speed of an aligned synchronous jet array increases as the orifice distance decreases. To achieve the highest jet front velocity, the orifice of the actuator has an optimal diameter.