一氧化二氮无毒推进剂催化分解研究

为研究一氧化二氮（N2O）推进剂,建立了N2O催化分解装置,对N2O催化分解条件进行了研究,使用电阻丝外加热方式,将催化床外壁加热到400℃后切断电源,贮箱压力维持在0.4MPa的条件下,纯N2O流经催化剂发生分解,并能维持反应持续进行,最终催化床外壁温度可达到500℃～760℃。选择性能优良的催化剂C-2和添加剂T-B,可使N2O催化床外壁的催化分解温度达到980℃,具备了与燃料着火的条件。     

耐高温Ni—ZrO2复合镀层的制备及影响因素研究

采用复合电沉积技术制备出了Ｎｉ－ＺｒＯ２耐高温复合镀层,并利用正交设计对影响复合电沉积过程的电流密度ｉ、镀液中微粒浓度ｃ、搅拌方式ｍ、微粒粒径ｄ及其间的交互作用等进行了研究。结果表明,上述因素对复合镀层中ＺｒＯ２含量影响显著性大小顺序为：ｄ＞ｍ＞ｄ×ｍ＞ｃ＞ｄ×ｃ＞ｉ×ｍ。     

考虑建模误差的某型火箭末级制导方法研究

运载火箭末级发动机点火后,在制导系统的导引下,火箭最终抵达入轨位置、取得入轨速度,卫星进入运行轨道。火箭末级飞行动力学模型为非线性微分方程形式,难以利用解析方法得到火箭姿态变化特性,进而控制火箭飞行过程中的状态变量。将火箭入轨约束条件转化为最优控制的性能指标函数,利用庞德里亚金极小值原理与牛顿梯度法相结合的方式来解决动力学方程求解问题,得到末级飞行标准轨道;火箭动力学建模过程中,由于参数难以精确计量等的影响,存在建模误差,导致火箭实际飞行轨道会偏离标准轨道。对模型进行线性化处理,引入状态反馈,可以使实际飞行轨道接近于标准轨道,提高卫星荷载入轨要求精度。仿真结果表明:该制导算法可较好地减小火箭载荷入轨误差。     

伺服机构故障下运载火箭自适应重构方法

针对运载火箭飞行过程中发生的伺服机构故障,提出了一种基于奇异值分解(SVD)的自适应重构方法。首先,将伺服故障下重构问题转化为优化问题,完成了对伪逆法、线性规划法、混合优化法3种常用优化方法的分析和评估;其次,针对现有方法的缺点,基于SVD提出了一种求解直接重构问题次优解的改进方法,并给出推导过程。数学仿真表明,所提出的基于SVD改进的自适应重构方法,兼顾了伪逆法的计算高效、线性规划法的输出共线等优点,具有较高的工程应用价值。     

正交化设计对大子午扩张涡轮紧凑过渡段的流动性能影响

为了降低大子午扩张涡轮端区二次流损失和流动损失,同时降低过渡段缩短对涡轮性能的影响,对具有大子午扩张低压涡轮过渡段的紧凑过渡段设计进行气动分析,设计的紧凑型过渡段径向长度减小了30％,分析涡轮带原始过渡段和缩短后的紧凑型过渡段的气动性能和流场状态.并对涡轮静叶采用正交化设计,初步探索正交化设计对大子午扩张涡轮紧凑过渡段...     

正交实验法引入应用化学综合实验

介绍了在应用化学综合实验教学中,针对低分子量聚丙烯酸的合成及分析的实验进行教学改革。采取改变教材中实验条件设计正交实验的教学方法,有利于提高学生的科研能力。     

A transition prediction method for flow over airfoils based on high-order dynamic mode decomposition

This article presents a novel approach for predicting transition locations over airfoils, which are used to activate turbulence model in a Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes flow solver. This approach combines Dynamic Mode Decomposition (DMD) with e^N criterion. The core idea is to use a spatial DMD analysis to extract the modes of unstable perturbations from a steady flowfield and substitute the local Linear Stability Theory (LST) analysis to quantify the spatial growth of Tollmien–Schlichting (TS) waves. Transition is assumed to take place at the stream-wise location where the most amplified mode’s N-factor reaches a prescribed threshold and a turbulence model is activated thereafter. To improve robustness, the high-order version of DMD technique (known as HODMD) is employed. A theoretical derivation is conducted to interpret how a spatial high-order DMD analysis can extract the growth rate of the unsteady perturbations. The new method is validated by transition predictions of flows over a low-speed Natural-Laminar-Flow (NLF) airfoil NLF0416 at various angles of attack and a transonic NLF airfoil NPU-LSC-72613. The transition locations predicted by our HODMD/e^N method agree well with experimental data and compare favorably to those obtained by some existing methods (LST/e^N or $\gamma -\stackrel{￣}{R{e}_{\theta \text{t}}}$). It is shown that the proposed method is able to predict transition locations for flows over different types of airfoils and offers the potential for application to 3D wings as well as more complex configurations.     

A numerical study on flame and large-scale flow structures in bluff-body stabilized flames

Large Eddy Simulations(LES) in conjunction with the Flamelet Progress Variable(FPV) approach have been performed to investigate the flame and large-scale flow structures in the bluff-body stabilized non-premixed flames, HM1 and HM3. The validity of the numerical methods is first verified by comparing the predicted velocity and composition fields with experimental measurements. Then the evolution of the flame and large-scale flow structures is analyzed when the flames approach blow-off. The analysis of instantaneous and statistical data indicates that there exists a shift of the control mechanism in the recirculation zone in the two flames. In the recirculation zone, HM1 flame is mainly controlled by the mixing effect and ignition mainly occurs in the outer shear layer. In HM3 flame, both the chemical reactions and mixing are important in the recirculation zone. The Proper Orthogonal Decomposition(POD) results show that the fluctuations in the outer shear layer are more intense in HM1, while the flow structures are more obvious in the outer vortex structure in HM3, due to the different control mechanism in the recirculation zone.It further shows that the flow structures in HM1 spread larger in the intense mixing zone due to higher temperature and less extinction.     

类AHW助推滑翔飞行器气动布局优化设计分析

AHW作为美国首飞即成功完成高超声速助推滑翔飞行试验的飞行器受到越来越多的关注。本文针对该类钝双锥十字形小尺寸弹翼外形气动布局阶段的共性问题进行了研究。基于参数化方法建立的基本外形和工程气动力估算模型,采用正交设计方法进行了参数敏感性分析,并对正交优化结果进行了数值模拟验证分析,在此基础上利用多目标优化方法完成了弹体布局的进一步优化。同时在优化外形基础上考虑气动特性以及总体和防热需求,对操纵面的类型、质心与操纵面尺寸配置以及操纵效率进行了探讨分析,给出了气动布局建议。研究表明,该类布局方式可以获得较高的配平升力、配平升阻比及容积率,并且合理的质心位置/舵面尺寸的组合可以实现操纵性需求,是高超声速滑翔飞行器的一种潜在布局方案。