高等职业教育学制改革的思考

本文分析了高等职业教育实施两年制改革的必要性,探讨了实施两年制改革应注意的问题,提出了如何搞好两年制改革的对策和建议。     

组分对硝酸酯增塑聚醚推进剂燃烧性能的影响

通过对氧化剂AP含量及粒径、燃速催化剂种类及含量、铝粉粒度、交联剂及工艺助剂等的调整，对硝酸酯增塑聚醚推进剂的燃烧速度和燃速压强指数进行了研究，结果表明，燃速在7．7～16．7mm／s（7．0MPa）范围内可调，静态燃速压强指数稳定在0．5，最低可达0．41。     

新型高超音速静压探针的设计和实验

参考了近40年来国外有关超音速和高超音速静压探针的研究成果,设计了多种并发展了二种高超音速静压探针。它们可精确地用于持续工作流场仅为30ms的流场静压测量。实测静压与自由流静压比p_(s,m)/p_(s,∞)=1.009;马赫数比M_(∞m)/M_(∞,)=0.993。实验在加拿大多伦多大学宇航研究院的高超音速炮风洞里完成。炮风洞喷管出口气流特性是:(空气)自由流总压比_(t,∞)=25.5MPa,总温T_(t,∞)=1000K;马赫数M_∞=8.30;自由流静压p_(s,∞)=2.13kPa;雷诺数R_e=3.2×10~7。以探针直径D为基准的R_(e,D)=34,000～52,800。这种探针己被用于“管内高超音速流场发展实验研究”中了。     

纤维缠绕压力容器结构有限元分析技术

针对纤维缠绕压力容器设计的特点，讨论了纤维缠绕压力容器结构的有限元分析(FEA)技术。简要介绍了纤维缠绕压力容器结构的有限元分析过程和常用软件，重点论述了有限元分析的能力、可靠性、效率和费用等内容，并指出了它的应用前景。     

Airside pressure drop characteristics of three analogous serpentine tube heat exchangers considering heat transfer for aero-engine cooling

This study explores the design, analysis, and air pressure drop assessment of three analogous air–fuel heat exchangers consisting of thin serpentine tube bundles intended for use in high Mach number aero-engines. In high speed flight, the compressor bleed air used to cool high temperature turbine blades and other hot components is too hot. Hence, aviation kerosene is applied to precool the compressor bleed air by means of novel air–fuel heat exchangers. Three light and compact heat exchangers in...     

A novel low pressure-difference fluctuation electro-hydraulic large flowrate control valve for fuel flowrate control of aeroengine afterburner system

To address the control accuracy of large fuel flowrate during pressure fluctuation, a novel electro-hydraulic fuel metering unit(FMU) is constructed for afterburner fuel system of military aeroengine. Different from the previous FMU, the proposed FMU can achieve the higher precision opening control by a new metering valve with double control chambers(MVDCC), and realize the lower pressure difference fluctuation regulating by a novel two-stage constant pressure difference compensated valve(CPDCV)...     

缝隙式机载真空压力调节活门的研制与设计

针对Cessna(塞斯纳)172R飞机真空系统故障率高的现象,研究了现有机载真空压力调节活门的结构特点,为该机型的真空系统设计一种缝隙式真空压力调节活门,该活门可视情况及时地清除缝隙部位污物,从而降低真空系统的故障率,提高飞机的安全性。     

定向破坏复合材料层合壳体结构铺层的分析与设计

以复合材料层合板为基本材料设计了一种结构新颖的定向破坏复合材料层合壳体结构,在导弹与

该壳体结构的初始接触区域预制缺陷区,导弹发射时以四瓣形式开裂,大幅度提高了导弹的发射效率。利用ANSYS

有限元模拟分析软件,通过强度分析确定了最佳铺层设计方案,单层板厚度为0.2 mm,采用基体本身加强预

置缺陷区的[0°/90°/ ±45°]2S 铺层方式。该种铺层方式的爆破载荷为0.21 MPa,最小顶破载荷为1 kN,完全能够

满足其在工作环境下既能承受一定的压力不漏气又能在较小的顶破载荷下自行破裂的设计要求。

     

Atmospheric pressure variations at extratropical latitudes associated with Forbush decreases of galactic cosmic rays

Changes of troposphere pressure associated with short-time variations of galactic cosmic rays (GCRs) taking place in the Northern hemisphere’s cold months (October–March) were analyzed for the period 1980–2006, NCEP/NCAR reanalysis data being used. Noticeable pressure variations during Forbush decreases of GCRs were revealed at extratropical latitudes of both hemispheres. The maxima of pressure increase were observed on the 3rd–4th days after the event onsets over Northern Europe and the European part of Russia in the Northern hemisphere, as well as on the 4th–5th days over the eastern part of the South Atlantic opposite Queen Maud Land and over the d’Urville Sea in the Southern Ocean. According to the weather chart analysis, the observed pressure growth, as a rule, results from the weakening of cyclones and intensification of anticyclone development in these areas. The presented results suggest that cosmic ray variations may influence the evolution of extratropical baric systems and play an important role in solar-terrestrial relationships.     

Design and optimization of a novel electrically controlled high pressure fuel injection system for heavy fuel aircraft piston engine

The heavy fuel compression ignition engines are widely equipped as aircraft piston engines. The fuel injection system is one of the key technologies that determines the performance of engine. One of the main challenges is to precisely control the injected fuel quantity and flow rate in the presence of pressure fluctuation. This challenge is even more serious for heavy fuel. An original design for electrically controlled high pressure fuel injection system called Multi-Pumppressure-reservoirs fuel injection System(MPS) was demonstrated to reduce the pressure fluctuation and help keep injection stable. MPS was compared with an ordinary high pressure Common Rail fuel injection System(CRS). This work established one-dimensional AMESim and mathematical models for both CRS and MPS to study the effect of different structures and geometric parameters on the pressure fluctuations. The calculations show that the average fuel pressure fluctuation of MPS can be reduced by 57% for the crankshaft speed of 1900 r/min, and the pressure fluctuation before injection reduced by 100%. It is concluded that the pressure performance of MPS is less sensitive to pressure reservoir volume than that of CRS, and there is an opportunity for further volume reduction.