基于线性矩阵不等式的电传飞机人机闭环系统稳定域

 针对静不稳定电传飞机作动器速率限制环节引起的Ⅱ型驾驶员诱发振荡(PIO)严重威胁飞机飞行安全的问题,研究了考虑作动器速率限制因素的人机闭环系统稳定域。引入增广状态变量分离速率限制环节,建立了人机闭环系统饱和非线性模型。为得到尽可能大的人机闭环系统稳定域估计,首先将稳定域求解问题转化为凸优化问题,再通过Schur补引理将其转化为线性矩阵不等式的求解问题,最终得到了人机闭环系统椭球体稳定域估计的一般算法。时域仿真研究表明:所估计的稳定域略微保守但不冒进,静不稳定电传飞机的Ⅱ型PIO是一种发散很快的振荡而非极限环振荡,驾驶员操纵增益以及作动器速率限制值是影响稳定域的重要因素。稳定域法物理意义清晰、结果直观,可用于非线性人机闭环系统稳定性的评估。     

Influence of thermal inhibitor position and temperature on vortex-shedding-driven pressure oscillations

Vortex-acoustic coupling is one of the most important potential sources of combustion instability in solid rocket motors (SRMs). Based on the Von Karman Institute for Fluid Dynamics (VKI) experimental motor, the influence of the thermal inhibitor position and temperature on vortex-shedding-driven pressure oscillations is numerically studied via the large eddy simulation (LES) method. The simulation results demonstrate that vortex shedding is a periodic process and its accurate frequency can be numerically obtained. Acoustic modes could be easily excited by vortex shedding. The vortex shedding frequency and second acoustic frequency dominate the pressure oscillation characteristics in the chamber. Thermal inhibitor position and gas temperature have little effect on vortex shedding frequency, but have great impact on pressure oscillation amplitude. Pressure amplitude is much higher when the thermal inhibitor locates at the acoustic velocity anti-nodes. The farther the thermal inhibitor is to the nozzle head, the more vortex energy would be dissipated by the turbulence. Therefore, the vortex shedding amplitude at the second acoustic velocity antinode near 3/4L (L is chamber length) is larger than those of others. Besides, the natural acoustic frequencies increase with the gas temperature. As the vortex shedding frequency departs from the natural acoustic frequency, the vortex-acoustic feedback loop is decoupled. Consequently, both the vortex shedding and acoustic amplitudes decrease rapidly.     

基于旋转阀的脉冲爆震火箭发动机实验

针对现有条件下电磁阀高频与大流量不可兼得的矛盾,设计了一种凸轮式旋转阀,以此来控制脉冲爆震火箭发动机氧化剂、燃料和隔离气体的间歇式供给.基于该旋转阀,以汽油和富氧空气为推进剂,进行了不同频率下的实验.实验结果表明,推进剂和隔离气供给压力与点火相位直接影响到能否稳定起爆.随着频率的增加,在1～ 10 Hz范围内,降低隔离氮气压力、调整点火相位可实现发动机的稳定工作;10Hz以上时,仅需要提高油气的供给压力.基于该旋转阀控制技术,脉冲爆震火箭发动机实现了工作频率30 Hz的稳定工作.     

国产芳纶纤维复合材料用环氧树脂体系

研制了一种环氧/ 芳香胺体系,采用DSC、固化反应动力学分析等方法对树脂体系进行了表征,并
对其浇注体、复合材料NOL 环以及Φ150 mm 压力容器性能进行了研究。结果表明,该树脂体系具有优良的浇
注体力学及热性能,其拉伸强度为101 MPa,断裂伸长率达4. 1%,弯曲强度为177 MPa,马丁耐热温度为
142． 2℃;与国产芳纶纤维的界面粘接性能良好,其NOL 环层间剪切强度可以达到52. 1 MPa,制备的复合材料
Φ150 mm 压力容器PV / W 值可达38. 44 km。     

间隙约束二元翼段系统分岔与多解共存现象分析

研究了分段刚度描述的间隙约束二元翼段气动弹性系统,取俯仰角最大幅值处为类Poincaré截面,数值计算得到了系统随飞行速度变化的分岔图,发现飞行速度在Ma=0.71~0.75属于跨临界颤振区,而在Ma=0.75~0.95发生极限环震荡.同时通过构造极限环震荡的四维Poincaré映射分析了极限环震荡的稳定性,结合稳定性和运动流形理论,得到极限环震荡的吸引域一般位于极限环内部并用数值方法进行了验证.且跨临界颤振速度区域中存在多种分岔形式以及多解共存现象,例如由双周期运动直接通向混沌、多周期运动与双周期运动共存现象,振动幅值也存在跳跃现象.     

A study on turbulence transportation and modification of Spalart–Allmaras model for shock-wave/turbulent boundary layer interaction flow

It is of great significance to improve the accuracy of turbulence models in shock-wave/ boundary layer interaction flow. The relationship between the pressure gradient, as well as the shear layer, and the development of turbulent kinetic energy in impinging shock-wave/turbulent boundary layer interaction flow at Mach 2.25 is analyzed based on the data of direct numerical simulation(DNS). It is found that the turbulent kinetic energy is amplified by strong shear in the separation zone and the adverse pressure gradient near the separation point. The pressure gradient was non-dimensionalised with local density, velocity, and viscosity. Spalart–Allmaras(S–A) model is modified by introducing the non-dimensional pressure gradient into the production term of the eddy viscosity transportation equation. Simulation results show that the production and dissipation of eddy viscosity are strongly enhanced by the modification of S–A model. Compared with DNS and experimental data, the wall pressure and the wall skin friction coefficient as well as the velocity profile of the modified S–A model are obviously improved. Thus it can be concluded that the modification of S–A model with the pressure gradient can improve the predictive accuracy for simulating the shock-wave/turbulent boundary layer interaction.     

测力法在翼型动态失速试验研究中的应用

本文就利用测力法对ＮＡＣＡ００１２翼型在振荡条件下的动态失速特性进行的测试作了简要介绍，阐述了测力法在翼型动态实验研究中的一些特殊问题及其解决途径，并比较了两种实验研究方法的优缺点。     

碎片云撞击密封舱穿孔对其内压力和温度影响研究

为了了解碎片云撞击密封舱穿孔对其内压力和温度的影响程度及规律，以平面激波和热力学理论为基础，建立了碎片云高速撞击密封舱穿孔对其内大气压力和温度影响的模型，通过计算发现模型计算结果与实验吻合得较好。通过模型计算，结果表明：碎片云撞击密封舱舱壁穿孔造成其内大气压力和温度的变化趋势具有相似性；舱壁穿孔瞬间，舱内大气压力和温度只在距穿孔处一定距离发生剧变；碎片云撞击速度越大，引起舱内大气压力和温度的变化也越大。     

空间应用复合材料压力容器研制技术

综述了空间应用金属内衬复合材料压力研制技术，从性能优势，金属内衬，复合材料，试验四个方面给出了比较重要的技术信息，同时列举了国外空间系统应用的几个典型实例，并对中国研制空间系统应用复合材料压力容器提出了几条值得借鉴的经验。     

固体发动机平均燃速与平均压强的关系探讨

论述了目前尚未阐明的固体火箭发动机平均燃速与平均压强的本质关系——直线关系,试图澄清在这一关系方面的认识偏差.