Design of an FPGA-based electronic flow regulator (EFR) for spacecraft propulsion system

This paper describes a scheme for electronically regulating the flow of propellant to the thruster from a high-pressure storage tank used in spacecraft application. Precise flow delivery of propellant to thrusters ensures propulsion system operation at best efficiency by maximizing the propellant and power utilization for the mission. The proposed field programmable gate array (FPGA) based electronic flow regulator (EFR) is used to ensure precise flow of propellant to the thrusters from a high-pressure storage tank used in spacecraft application. This paper presents hardware and software design of electronic flow regulator and implementation of the regulation logic onto an FPGA.     

基于CD4046构成的PLL及应用

CD4046构成的PLL在通信、频率处理、自动控制等技术领域中应用较为广泛，正确理解CD4046对掌握电路基本组成、原理及应用。对处理实际工程问题有很大帮助。     

孔板倒角对平衡型低温流量计工作性能影响的数值分析

平衡型低温流量计可用于低温推进剂的加注、分配、输送等环节,其孔板结构特征是影响流量计性能的关键因素。为了研究孔板倒角对平衡型低温流量计流出系数、压力损失系数和稳定性的影响,建立了基于Mixture多相流模型、Schnerr-Sauer空化模型和Realizable k-ε湍流模型的CFD数值模型,并结合文献中的水翼空化实验和多孔板流动实验的结果验证了模型的可靠性。模拟计算结果显示,开设前倒角会增大多孔板的流出系数,减小压力损失系数,但会增大流量计测量时的不稳定性;在一定的计算工况下,45°的前倒角使流出系数由0.674增大到0.907,适当开设前倒角可以有效提高流量计的工作性能。而开设后倒角对流量计性能的影响较小。用于流体流量的双向测量时,可对多孔板的前后端均开设45°的倒角。     

Evaluation of pressure oscillations by a laboratory motor

Aeroacoustic pressure oscillation is one of the important challenges in segmented solid rocket motors with high slenderness ratio. The reason for these oscillations can be searched in vortex shedding due to grain burning surfaces, holes and slots. In this paper, a novel sub-scaled motor was used for evaluation of aeroacoustic pressure oscillations. First, the related parameters to scale down using Buckingham’s Pi-theorem were determined and then the sub-scaled motor was designed and manufactured. After this, Strouhal number in various grain forms and vortex shedding prediction criteria have been discussed. Then, one-dimensional linear and non-linear solution approaches have been presented. To understand the motor internal flow and vortex shedding formation, steady state computational fluid dynamic performed for seven regression steps and finally, two static tests have been performed. Results show that various definitions for Strouhal number are useful only for primarily glance on vortex shedding and pressure oscillations and so CFD solution and the test program are inevitable for a correct understanding of the ballistic operational condition of the motor. Experimental results demonstrated the existence of such oscillations with frequencies nearly equal to axial modes. It seems that non-linear parameters have small effects on aeroacoustic pressure oscillation and therefore the linear solution is acceptable to obtain approximate data. Of course, it should be emphasized that linear solution represents oscillations on overall motor action time, whereas the output of non-linear solution depends on thermochemistry properties of solid propellant and combustion products. Therefore, with a non-linear solution, oscillations maybe occur in some intervals of action time. FFT (Fast Fourier Transformation) results demonstrated that although both first and second acoustic modes have been excited, the position of longitudinal oscillation has an important role on which one is dominant.     

离心叶轮流场对进口压力脉冲的响应分析

为研究离心叶轮流场对进口压力脉冲的响应特性,根据推导出的相对坐标系下HLLC通量算式,自行开发了基于多块结构化网格的叶片机流场分析程序。首先对跨声Krain叶轮和亚声径向叶轮展开算例考核,程序计算的性能曲线和叶表压力数据与试验和商业软件的结果吻合较好,且具有较商业软件更快的计算速度。之后以径向叶轮为对象,数值求解其内流场对进口压力脉冲的响应,对结果的分析表明:脉冲越尖,上下游流场变化越不同步,导致出口流量和气动力矩峰值时刻的延迟,流场压力的时空分布找不到时间对称轴。叶片载荷的空间分布特征不因脉冲宽窄和时间推进而改变,脉冲越宽,流场受扰变化时间越长,载荷峰值就越偏离稳态值。流场密度的变化值在不同时刻的空间分布是近似的。      

几种摇臂与联动环连接结构对比分析

为了改善航空发动机整体性能和可靠性,以航空发动机从地面起动到巡航过程为研究对象,采用热-固耦合分析方法,对涡轮转子叶尖径向运行间隙(BTRRC,Blade-tip Radial Running Clearance)进行动态分析.在分析中考虑了材料属性的非线性和温度载荷、离心载荷的动态性,分别对涡轮的叶片、盘和机匣的变形进行计算和分析,得到了涡轮叶尖径向运行间隙的变化规律,以及BTRRC最小点(可选择t=180 s)和最小值(约0.18 mm),为进行进一步涡轮叶尖径向运行间隙的动态概率分析和动态优化设计奠定了基础.     

某涡轮级三维流场非定常数值研究

基于耦合Lantry-Menter转捩模型的SST(Shear stress transport)湍流模型,对某涡轮级在3个雷诺数工况下的全三维流场分别进行了定常、非定常数值模拟,目的在于对比分析两种计算方法所得结果之间的差异。计算结果表明,进口雷诺数为4×104时和5×105时,定常与非定常计算的涡轮级效率的差异较大,最大相差0.6个百分点,而当雷诺数为8×104时,两者差异很小;非定常计算能够较好的模拟叶尖泄漏涡的发展过程、低雷诺数下上游尾迹与下游转子叶片吸力面分离边界层干涉诱导卷起涡的形成、输运及其所导致的叶片吸力面表面压力大幅波动等非定常流动现象。最后,给出了转子出口截面上周向与径向的非定常压力脉动的分布,为基于Lighthill声类比方法的计算气动声学研究奠定了基础。     

多舱段载人航天器空气环境控制系统性能分析

建立了一种多舱段载人航天器空气环境控制系统性能集成仿真分析模型,包括舱体模块、乘员模块、舱压控制模块、温湿度控制模块和CO2净化模块,并对两舱段载人航天器空气环境控制系统性能进行了计算分析。结果表明,舱间通风传热能力较差,造成组合体温湿度水平超出指标范围,而舱间通风传质能力较强,可实现氧分压水平和CO2分压水平的集中控制。提出了一种控制系统改进方案,在非主控舱段增设控温系统改善组合体空气温度水平,仿真结果表明,控制系统改进后组合体各空气环境参数均满足设计要求。该工作有助于加快载人航天器空气环境控制系统的设计和改进流程。     

伺服机构恒压变量泵压力脉动分析

对某运载火箭整箭测试中一级伺服机构出现压力脉动的原因进行了分析。根据伺服机构变量泵原理,认为引起压力脉动的主要因素是变量泵调节机构。建立了变量泵的仿真模型,讨论了变量调节机构灵敏度和管路结构等其他因素对变量柱塞泵输出压力脉动的影响,以及压力脉动对控制元件和执行元件的影响。结果表明:变量泵的低频小幅值压力脉动对整个伺服系统的控制元件和执行元件均无影响。伺服机构能正常稳定地工作,保证运载火箭的飞行可靠性。     

基于模糊PID控制的燃气调压系统设计

针对燃气管道压力难以控制的问题,将常规PID控制和模糊控制相结合,提出一种基于模糊PID控制器的燃气管道压力控制方案。通过与常规PID的压力仿真曲线相比较表明：模糊PID控制性能优越、超调量小、上升时间快、调整时间短。