确定风洞模型压力中心的变距测力试验

本文提出了采用变换模型相对天平校准中心位置来测得同一状态下的不同俯仰力矩值,再通过数学处理或作图获得小攻角下的精确压力中心位置的试验方法。某型号用本方法试验得到了令人满意的结果。     

应用扩展连续算法研究推力矢量飞机动力学特性

应用扩展的分支和连续算法对推力矢量控制飞机的飞行运动力学特性进行了研究。与标准的分支和连续算法不同，扩展后的分支和连续算法可用于计算飞机特定配平状态的连续曲线，所以不仅能获得飞行性能指标，同时可确定飞机的稳定性。本中扩展分支和连续算法被用于检验推力矢量控制律的有效性，确定了飞行包线边界，分析了配平飞行的稳定性的操纵性以及预测飞行偏离。结果表明，扩展连续方法可获得大量的飞行动力学信息，在推力矢量控制飞机的初步设计中具有广泛的应用前景。     

Spectra and time variability of black-hole binaries in the low/hard state

We propose a jet model for the low/hard state of galactic black-hole X-ray sources which explains the energy spectra from radio to X-rays and a number of timing properties in the X-ray domain such as the time lag spectra, the hardening of the power density spectra and the narrowing of the autocorrelation function with increasing photon energy. The model assumes that (i) there is a magnetic field along the axis of the jet, (ii) the electron density in the jet drops inversely proportional to distance, (iii) the jet is “hotter” near its center than at its periphery, and (iv) the electrons in the jet follow a power-law distribution function. We have performed Monte Carlo simulations of Compton upscattering of soft photons from the accretion disk and have found power-law high-energy spectra with photon-number index in the range 1.5–2 and cutoff at a few hundred keV, power-law time lags versus Fourier frequency with index 0.8, and an increase of the rms amplitude of variability and a narrowing of the autocorrelation function with increasing photon energy as they have been observed in Cygnus X-1. The spectrum at long wavelengths (radio, infrared, optical) is modeled to come from synchrotron radiation of the energetic electrons in the jet. We find flat to inverted radio spectra that extend from the radio up to about the optical band. For magnetic field strengths of the order 10⁵–10⁶ G at the base of the jet, the calculated spectra agree well in slope and flux with the observations.     

Coronal mass ejection detection using wavelets,curvelets and ridgelets: Applications for space weather monitoring

Coronal mass ejections (CMEs) are large-scale eruptions of plasma and magnetic field that can produce adverse space weather at Earth and other locations in the Heliosphere. Due to the intrinsic multiscale nature of features in coronagraph images, wavelet and multiscale image processing techniques are well suited to enhancing the visibility of CMEs and suppressing noise. However, wavelets are better suited to identifying point-like features, such as noise or background stars, than to enhancing the visibility of the curved form of a typical CME front. Higher order multiscale techniques, such as ridgelets and curvelets, were therefore explored to characterise the morphology (width, curvature) and kinematics (position, velocity, acceleration) of CMEs. Curvelets in particular were found to be well suited to characterising CME properties in a self-consistent manner. Curvelets are thus likely to be of benefit to autonomous monitoring of CME properties for space weather applications.     

Investigating gamma-ray burst data reduction techniques with Swift’s instruments

The amount of data on gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) and the detected afterglows observed by the Swift satellite contributed significantly to the understanding of the phenomenon. The behavior of the early afterglow rises some interesting questions. With the early afterglow localizations of gamma-ray burst positions made by Swift, the clear delimitation of the prompt phase and the afterglow is not so obvious any more. There are hints of a canonical X-ray afterglow lightcurve with segments of different slopes. Not all bursts necessarily show all the segments. It is important to see if the prompt phase and the afterglow has the same origin or they stem from different parts of the progenitor system. We will combine the of gamma-ray burst data from BAT and XRT and compare the extrapolated gamma-ray flux to the X-ray in a sample of bursts and find that there is a good agreement between the two measurements. This indicates that the physical process shaping burst and the early afterglow are the same.     

计算流体力学非结构混合网格高精度格式研究现状

介绍了航空CFD技术中的非结构混合网格高精度格式的基本理论和方法,国内外研究现状,几种非结构混合网格高精度格式。     

基于CCSDS标准的航天器上行遥控链路 协议体系与可靠性技术

针对航天测控领域中上行遥控业务的协议体系选择与可靠性设计问题,在对我国现行国军标技术指标要求与现有航天测控系统天地基遥控技术特点进行归纳梳理的基础上,基于空间段信息传输无线链路特点与CCSDS(Consultative Committee for Space Data Systems,空间数据系统咨询委员会)标准规范,研究给出了适用于我国航天测控任务的空间段遥控协议体系与可靠性措施,利用梳理统计方法对上行遥控体制进行了数学建模分析,并与CCSDS给出的应用算例进行了对比分析.分析结果表明,所涉及的上行遥控体制与CCSDS标准规范的工作效能基本相当,能够满足我国航天任务上行遥控任务使用需求.     

Machining of a film-cooling hole in a single-crystal superalloy by high-speed electrochemical discharge drilling

Single-crystal superalloys are typical advanced materials used for manufacturing aeroengine turbine blades. Their unique characteristics of high hardness and strength make them exceedingly difficult to machine. However, a key structure of a turbine blade, the film-cooling hole,needs to be machined in a single-crystal superalloy; such machining is challenging, especially considering the increasing levels of machining efficiency and quality demanded by the aeroengine industry. Tube electrode high-speed electrochemical discharge drilling(TSECDD), a hybrid technique of high-speed electrical discharge drilling and electrochemical machining, provides high machining efficiency and accuracy, as well as eliminating the recast layer. In this study, TSECDD is used to machine a film-cooling hole in a nickel-based single-crystal superalloy(DD6). The Taguchi methods of experiment are used to optimise the machining parameters. Experimental results show that TSECDD can effectively drill the film-cooling hole; the optimum parameters that give the best performance are as follows: pulse duration: 12 ls, pulse interval: 30 ls, peak current:6 A, and salt solution conductivity: 3 m S/cm. Finally, a hole is machined by TSECDD, and the results are compared with those obtained by electrical discharge machining. TSECDD is found to be promising for improving the surface quality and eliminating the recast layer.     

柔性二氧化硅气凝胶综述

二氧化硅气凝胶具有低密度、高孔隙率、高比表面积、低导热性等特点,但存在强度低、韧性差等缺陷.在此基础上,柔性二氧化硅气凝胶通过改进传统二氧化硅气凝胶的制备工艺表现出了更优的力学性能与适用性.本文综述了国内外柔性二氧化硅气凝胶的最新研究进展,分析对比了不同类型气凝胶的性能参数;重点介绍了柔性二氧化硅气凝胶常用的制备方法,...     

液体推进剂在轨剩余量测量方法研究进展

介绍了在轨航天器液体推进剂剩余量测量技术国内外研究进展,并展望了未来的研究方向。首先简要介绍了造成微重力条件下液体推进剂剩余量测量困难的原因;接着回顾了液体推进剂剩余量测量技术的发展脉络,将其技术发展分为技术萌芽、技术成熟和新技术探索三个阶段;然后从基本原理、误差分析、研究进展等方面综述了常用的簿记法(Book-Keeping,BK)、压力体积温度法(Pressure-Volume-Temperature,PVT)和热量激励法(Thermal Gauging Method,TGM)等液体推进剂在轨剩余量测量技术,对比分析了各种方法的优缺点;最后,展望了液体推进剂在轨剩余量测量技术的发展方向:一是利用不同测量技术在不同卫星寿命期间具有不同测量精度的特点,将多种测量技术进行结合,以提高整体测量精度;二是开发适用于卫星全寿命周期高精度测量的新方法。