专用瞄准设备智能读数系统刻线的精确定位

专用瞄准设备智能读数系统采用普通CCD和图像采集卡,系统分辨力不高,为此采用基于矩心法的亚象素细分使刻线定位准确度大大提高.同时,针对系统图像倾斜和系统固有的刻线圆周角,进行了适当的修正,使系统最终识别准确度满足要求.     

星载可移动多馈源单口径多波束天线研究

针对我国通信业务容量提升以及热点区域动态变化的保障能力需求,设计了Ka频段多馈源单口径可移动多波束天线,研究了波束馈源簇形成方式、相邻波束馈源交叠方案、天线转动方式、波束形成网络,以实现覆盖区域的高增益通信和波束灵活调整。通过高增益低旁瓣多波束天线的频率复用设计和波束形成网络技术研究,提升卫星通信系统的容量及天线覆盖的灵活性。重点改善波束扫描后的形状畸变和性能恶化问题,仿真表明,对波束幅相权值的优化可以保证天线转动前后波束增益和C/I性能稳定。     

Present-day crustal movement of the Chinese mainland based on Global Navigation Satellite System data from 1998 to 2018

A total of more than 260 continuous stations and 2000 campaign stations from the Crustal Movement Observation Network of China (CMONOC) project, covering the Chinese mainland and its surrounding areas during the period of 1998–2018, are processed using the Bernese Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) software via a state-of-the-art method. We obtain the coordinate time series of all the stations given in the reference frame ITRF2014, estimate the coseismic deformation, and remove outliers. Lastly, we present the latest, most complete, and most accurate contemporary horizontal velocity field with respect to the stable Eurasian plate, irrespective of the postseismic deformations. This study shows that the signal of tectonic movement in Western China is stronger than that in Eastern China particularly in the Tibetan Plateau, with a rate of 18–32?mm/a. Moreover, the signal decays sharply from south to north. However, North China and South China move coherently to the ESE direction mostly at a rate of 4–10?mm/a and have not experienced any abrupt velocity gradients in their interiors. Meanwhile, Northeast China has the lowest velocity of only 2–4?mm/a in addition to the coastal areas that have slightly larger velocities. The densified and continuous observation of GNSS stations are of great significance to the study of the present-day crustal movement and tectonic deformation characteristics of the Chinese mainland. This would help to provide better constraints on the kinematics and dynamics of the region.     

Precise output loads control of load-diffusion components with topology optimization

The purpose of this paper is to present a novel topology optimization approach to control precisely the output loads under static loads and harmonic excitations. We introduce the Artificial Bar Element (ABE) at the designated output positions, where the output loads are equivalently measured and constrained with the nodal displacements of ABE. Optimization model is then formulated considering the output load constraints as well as the minimization of strain energy and dynamic displacement responses respectively under the static and dynamic conditions. The influences of the ABEs stiffness, different material usages of the design domain, widths of the output loads constraint intervals and variation ratios of output loads are discussed in detail. The proposed method is verified with several numerical examples with clear and reasonable load transfer paths.     

Evaluation on real-time dynamic performance of BDS in PPP,RTK, and INS tightly aided modes

Since China’s BeiDou satellite navigation system (BDS) began to provide regional navigation service for Asia-Pacific region after 2012, more new generation BDS satellites have been launched to further expand BDS’s coverage to be global. In this contribution, precise positioning models based on BDS and the corresponding mathematical algorithms are presented in detail. Then, an evaluation on BDS’s real-time dynamic positioning and navigation performance is presented in Precise Point Positioning (PPP), Real-time Kinematic (RTK), Inertial Navigation System (INS) tightly aided PPP and RTK modes by processing a set of land-borne vehicle experiment data. Results indicate that BDS positioning Root Mean Square (RMS) in north, east, and vertical components are 2.0, 2.7, and 7.6?cm in RTK mode and 7.8, 14.7, and 24.8?cm in PPP mode, which are close to GPS positioning accuracy. Meanwhile, with the help of INS, about 38.8%, 67.5%, and 66.5% improvements can be obtained by using PPP/INS tight-integration mode. Such enhancements in RTK/INS tight-integration mode are 14.1%, 34.0%, and 41.9%. Moreover, the accuracy of velocimetry and attitude determination can be improved to be better than 1?cm/s and 0.1°, respectively. Besides, the continuity and reliability of BDS in both PPP and RTK modes can also be ameliorated significantly by INS during satellite signal missing periods.     

Adjustable box-wing model for solar radiation pressure impacting GPS satellites

One of the major uncertainty sources affecting Global Positioning System (GPS) satellite orbits is the direct solar radiation pressure. In this paper a new model for the solar radiation pressure on GPS satellites is presented that is based on a box-wing satellite model, and assumes nominal attitude. The box-wing model is based on the physical interaction between solar radiation and satellite surfaces, and can be adjusted to fit the GPS tracking data.     

Displacement monitoring performance of relative positioning and Precise Point Positioning (PPP) methods using simulation apparatus

Besides the classical geodetic methods, GPS (Global Positioning System) based positioning methods are widely used for monitoring crustal, structural, ground etc., deformations in recent years. Currently, two main GPS positioning methods are used: Relative and Precise Point Positioning (PPP) methods. It is crucial to know which amount of displacement can be detected with these two methods in order to inform their usability according to the types of deformation. Therefore, this study conducted to investigate horizontal and vertical displacement monitoring performance and capability of determining the direction of displacements of both methods using a developed displacement simulator apparatus. For this purpose, 20 simulated displacement tests were handled. Besides the 24?h data sets, 12?h, 8?h, 4?h and 2?h subsets were considered to examine the influence of short time spans. Each data sets were processed using GAMIT/GLOBK and GIPSY/OASIS scientific software for relative and PPP applications respectively and derived displacements were compared to the simulated (true) displacements. Then statistical significance test was applied. Results of the experiment show that using 24?h data sets, relative method can determine up to 6.0?mm horizontal displacement and 12.3?mm vertical displacement, while PPP method can detect 8.1?mm and 19.2?mm displacements in horizontal and vertical directions respectively. Minimum detected displacements are found to grow larger as time spans are shortened.     

圆锥运动的捷联解算误差

本文介绍载体作圆锥运动时,由捷联数值运算所造成的惯性基准的偏移。文中推导了刚体绕自身坐标系转动时变换矩阵的四种形式。对转动的不可交换性也通过刚体姿态角作出了描述。     

人机显示界面中的文字和位置编码

飞行员在驾驶飞机的过程中需要用到大量的信息,对信息进行合理的编码可以提高驾驶安全性.根据研究的需要,开发一个用于工效实验的作业任务模型.通过测量被试完成作业任务的正确率和反应时间,结合眼动仪测得的眼动数据,分析文字和位置编码对信息辨识的影响,为显示界面适人性设计提供科学依据.实验结果表明:人对文字信息的辨识受到位置编码影响,位置编码方式与视野范围和注意力分配策略相关;中心位置的辨识效率优于边缘位置,左侧位置优于右侧位置;中文信息的辨识效果优于英文信息,实际应用时应考虑母语的影响.      

卫星与测站钟差支持条件下的GEO卫星精密定轨

在基于伪距的GEO卫星精密定轨中, GEO卫星的静地特性导致定轨解算无法对星地组合钟差进行有效估计, 需要独立的时间同步支持. 本文讨论了卫星和测站钟差支持条件下的GEO卫星定轨原理, 利用仿真数据系统地分析了中国区域网跟踪条件下GEO卫星的定轨精度, 从定性和定量角度分析了钟差二次项、星地时间同步精度、站间时间同步精度及系统差等因素对定轨精度的影响.