数字摄像在脉冲推力器性能分析中的应用

为更详细地分析脉冲推力器的实际工作性能,弥补传统推力和压力曲线分析的不足,利用高速数字摄像仪拍摄了脉冲推力器尾焰图像,根据图像特征进行了推力器工作性能的辅助分析,结果表明:尾焰图像特征可以反映脉冲推力器的点火启动性能和实际推力特性以及推力器的工作效率,将图像分析与推力或压力分析相结合可以更全面地进行脉冲推力器性能分析,有利于推力器设计性能的进一步提高。     

飞行模拟转台高精度数字重复控制器的设计

从工程的角度讨论了离散重复控制系统的设计,所提出的重复控制方法可保证速度跟踪误差快速收敛为零。在重复控制器中采用了高阶低通滤波器和动态补偿器,改善了跟踪精度,保证了系统的稳定性,减少了周期性扰动误差。将所提出的方法应用于飞行模拟转台伺服系统的速度控制中,仿真结果表明,针对周期指令信号和周期干扰信号可保证较高的跟踪精度和较强的稳定性和鲁棒性。     

直升机悬停及低速飞行阶段轴间耦合试飞技术

从试飞员角度出发，分析了直升机轴间耦合现象产生的原因，讨论了ADS-33D规范中有关轴间耦合问题的要求，提出了武装直升机轴间耦合试飞方法、数据处理方法、试飞驾驶技术要点以及试验过程中应注意的事项，可供从事武装直升机飞行试验的技术人员和试飞员参考。     

常气压辉光放电等离子体控制翼型失速的数值模拟研究

基于Shyy提出的大气压下均匀辉光放电等离子体与空气干扰的物理模型,通过求解电位势方程得到电场分布,得到了作用于流体上的电场力.通过数值求解考虑等离子体作用的流体运动控制方程,以NACA0015翼型低速绕流为对象,研究了常压辉光放电等离子体位置和个数控制翼型绕流分离的影响.位于分离点上游的等离子体能够有效地抑止翼型分离,而在分离区的等离子体对流动影响很弱,同实验结果一致,并给出了等离子体对翼型气动力影响的规律.     

三支承磁悬浮轴承转子系统性能的实验分析

在一般磁悬浮轴承转子系统的基础上增加辅助磁悬浮支承组件,构成磁轴承与辅助磁悬浮支承组合三点支承转子系统。通过试验模态分析和系统高速旋转实验研究了不同控制参数下,组合支承柔性转子系统的动态性能,并与二支承系统进行了比较。实验结果表明,辅助磁悬浮支承对系统性能有较大影响,提高了系统在各阶模态振动时的阻尼,使系统顺利越过二阶弯曲临界转速在16000rpm以上稳定运行。     

低速增压风洞支架干扰的数值研究

对气动院FL-9低速增压风洞尾撑支架干扰进行数值计算.通过合理的拓扑结构,生成了YF-16模型的分区对接网格.计算对模型的典型安装状态进行研究,获得了全机气动特性和支架干扰量,探讨了此安装状态下弯刀对飞机气动力的干扰特性,并重点研究了Re数对干扰量的影响规律.     

高超声速战术导弹精确制导律设计

高超声速战术导弹以其固有的特点在高速目标拦截上应用前景巨大.如何针对高超声速战术导弹高速度、高不确定性的特点设计精确的制导律是导弹能否摧毁目标的关键.针对高超声速战术导弹和高速机动目标建立了相对运动模型,利用自适应滑模控制理论,设计了导弹的自适应精确制导律,并进行了仿真分析.结果表明,该制导律具有较好的控制效果.     

MESSENGER: Exploring Mercury’s Magnetosphere

The MErcury Surface, Space ENvironment, GEochemistry, and Ranging (MESSENGER) mission to Mercury offers our first opportunity to explore this planet’s miniature magnetosphere since the brief flybys of Mariner 10. Mercury’s magnetosphere is unique in many respects. The magnetosphere of Mercury is among the smallest in the solar system; its magnetic field typically stands off the solar wind only ∼1000 to 2000 km above the surface. For this reason there are no closed drift paths for energetic particles and, hence, no radiation belts. Magnetic reconnection at the dayside magnetopause may erode the subsolar magnetosphere, allowing solar wind ions to impact directly the regolith. Inductive currents in Mercury’s interior may act to modify the solar wind interaction by resisting changes due to solar wind pressure variations. Indeed, observations of these induction effects may be an important source of information on the state of Mercury’s interior. In addition, Mercury’s magnetosphere is the only one with its defining magnetic flux tubes rooted beneath the solid surface as opposed to an atmosphere with a conductive ionospheric layer. This lack of an ionosphere is probably the underlying reason for the brevity of the very intense, but short-lived, ∼1–2 min, substorm-like energetic particle events observed by Mariner 10 during its first traversal of Mercury’s magnetic tail. Because of Mercury’s proximity to the sun, 0.3–0.5 AU, this magnetosphere experiences the most extreme driving forces in the solar system. All of these factors are expected to produce complicated interactions involving the exchange and recycling of neutrals and ions among the solar wind, magnetosphere, and regolith. The electrodynamics of Mercury’s magnetosphere are expected to be equally complex, with strong forcing by the solar wind, magnetic reconnection, and pick-up of planetary ions all playing roles in the generation of field-aligned electric currents. However, these field-aligned currents do not close in an ionosphere, but in some other manner. In addition to the insights into magnetospheric physics offered by study of the solar wind–Mercury system, quantitative specification of the “external” magnetic field generated by magnetospheric currents is necessary for accurate determination of the strength and multi-polar decomposition of Mercury’s intrinsic magnetic field. MESSENGER’s highly capable instrumentation and broad orbital coverage will greatly advance our understanding of both the origin of Mercury’s magnetic field and the acceleration of charged particles in small magnetospheres. In this article, we review what is known about Mercury’s magnetosphere and describe the MESSENGER science team’s strategy for obtaining answers to the outstanding science questions surrounding the interaction of the solar wind with Mercury and its small, but dynamic, magnetosphere.     

结冰对民用飞机飞行性能的影响分析

在获取民用飞机适航合格审定证明前,必须通过飞行试验,并在试验中演示验证民用飞机能在CCAR25部附录C确定的连续和间断的最大结冰状态下安全运行。基于此背景,计算并得到某型机两种构型在45min待机冰型下的飞行性能,与无冰状态下对应构型的飞行性能进行对比分析。结果表明,结冰对飞机的飞行性能具有较大的影响。     

硅微陀螺平板结构的压膜阻尼研究

压膜阻尼对硅微陀螺的精度具有重要影响。平板结构是硅微陀螺中一种典型结构,本文通过对雷诺方程的推导,得出平板在正弦规律小振幅刚性运动时的阻尼力解析式,并给出低频时阻尼系数的近似算法。利用Matlab和CoventorWare软件对运动平板的阻尼进行仿真计算,得出运动平板的阻尼系数和刚度系数,并分析平板参数对阻尼系数及刚度系数的影响。建立不同类型的带孔平板模型,通过比较可以看出,当阻尼孔按一定方式排列时,可以降低结构的阻尼。