铝颗粒云燃烧研究进展

为探究铝颗粒云燃烧特性,把握其研究进展,并为后续研究工作提供参考,本文首先简述了铝颗粒点火、燃烧过程,总结了铝颗粒燃烧机理;其次,综述了铝颗粒云燃烧的实验、理论和模拟研究进展,从不同维度分析了影响颗粒云火焰速度的关键参数,并提出颗粒云燃烧的研究方向,包括提升颗粒云燃烧实验颗粒分散均匀性与表征精度、降低火焰传播速度等实验结果散差、改善颗粒云燃烧理论预测模型精度及构建实用的颗粒云燃烧模拟CFD模型。     

燃气轮机周向拉杆转子连接刚度对转子振动特性影响的研究

为研究燃气轮机周向分布式拉杆转子轮盘间存在的连接刚度对轴系转子振动特性产生的影响,本文提出一种基于六自由度的弹簧单元等效方法;首先将轮盘接触刚度与拉杆弯曲刚度同时等效进连接界面,便于使用一维梁单元求解其临界转速与振动响应变化,验证其与全三维有限元法吻合度在3％以内;然后改写了非线性动力学方程,采用谐波平衡法对其进行求解,使用经典Newmark方法验证其准确性;最后使用该等效方法计算了某模拟转子连接刚度对其临界转速、响应特性、非线性特性等的影响。计算结果表明：当连接面剪切刚度与弯曲刚度减小3个数量级,均造成了临界转速的降低和振动响应的提高,而其影响程度可由各阶振型大致推测,且响应幅值受剪切刚度影响较大;使用临界转速趋于收敛时的连接刚度与试验值的对比误差小于2％,较连续模型提升显著;在连接刚度各向异性时,每一阶临界转速均出现两个响应峰值,轴心轨迹变成椭圆;考虑刚度随位移变化（非线性刚度）后,转子的响应峰值发生“歪扭”特性,且该峰值特征随不平衡量、无量纲阻尼等因素变化而呈现“波浪形”变化。     

当量油气比对内燃波转子燃烧特性的影响

为了研究当量油气比对内燃波转子燃烧特性的影响规律,采用控制变量法,保持内燃波转子转速、混气填充速度不变,通过调节燃料喷射体积流量改变混气的当量油气比。在不同的当量油气比下开展内燃波转子燃烧特性试验。试验结果表明:当量油气比对于内燃波转子燃烧过程影响很大,随着当量油气比的增加,内燃波转子获得的燃烧压力增益增大,在内燃波转子转速为900r/min、混气填充速度为6.741m/s、当量油气比为1.442时,6个工作循环内平均燃烧压力增益达到246.29％,火焰平均传播速度随当量油气比呈类似正态分布,在化学恰当比附近达到最大10.8m/s。当量油气比小于1时,两组工况下火焰锋面呈向下倾斜状传播,当量油气比大于1时,两组工况下火焰锋面呈向上倾斜状传播。      

低速大转矩电机冷却系统数值计算

在低速大转矩电机系列设计中,考虑到机座的通用性和外形尺寸的规范性,采用了轴向水路的水冷机座结构。通过对电机冷却系统的流体场计算,得到了电机的散热情况,耦合温度场计算,得到了电机冷却水和机座的温升,并通过对机座的模态分析得到了电机的固有振动频率。     

Pumping speed of cryopump for xenon

The xenon pumping speed testing system of the large-diameter external cryopump was designed to meet the plume test requirements for prototype electric propulsion. The flowmeter method was utilized to measure the xenon pumping speed. The test results show that the averaged effective pumping speed of double-cryopumps is 52200L/s, and that of single-cryopump is 27100L/s. The pumping speed ratio of two configurations is 1.93. It can be concluded that the pumping speed has in linear relationship with the number of cryopump, and the coefficient is irrelevant with the gas type. The averaged effective pumping speed of xenon is less than its nominal pumping speed, and the averaged pumping efficiency is 0.83. Under the identical inflow conditions, the averaged effective pumping speed ratio of nitrogen is 0.53, slightly less than the theoretical pumping speed ratio of 0.55. Consequently, it can be concluded that results assessment of large-diameter external cryopump design index can guide the engineering application, showing certain reference significance.      

High-adaption locomotion with stable robot body for planetary exploration robot carrying potential instruments on unstructured terrain

There is a strong demand for Planetary Exploration Mobile robots (PEMRs) that have the capability of the traversability, stability, efficiency and high load while tackling the specialized tasks on planet surface. In this paper, an electric parallel wheel-legged hexapod robot which has high-adaption locomotion on the unstructured terrain is presented. Also, the hybrid control framework, which enables robot to stably carry the heavy loads as well as to traverse the uneven terrain by utilizing both legged and wheeled locomotion, is also proposed. Based on this framework, robot controls the multiple DOF leg for performing high-adaption locomotion to negotiate obstacles via Gait Generator (GG). Additionally, by using Whole-Body Control (WBC) of framework, robot has the capability of flexibly accommodating the uneven terrain by Attitude Control (AC) kinematically adjusting the length of legs like an active suspension system, and by Force/torque Balance Control (FBC) equally distributing the Ground Reaction Force (GRF) to maintain a stable body. The simulation and experiment are employed to validate the proposed framework with the physical system in the planetary analog environments. Particularly, to smoothly demonstrate the performance of robot transporting heavy loads, the experiment of carrying 3-person load of about 240 kg is deployed.     

Attitude determination of planetary exploration rovers using solar panels characteristics and accelerometer

In this study, we propose a new attitude determination system, which we call Irradiance-based Attitude Determination (IRAD). IRAD employs the characteristics and geometry of solar panels. First, the sun vector is estimated using data from solar panels including current, voltage, temperature, and the normal vectors of each solar panel. Because these values are obtained using internal sensors, it is easy for rovers to provide redundancy for IRAD. The normal vectors are used to apply to various shapes of rovers. Second, using the gravity vector obtained from an accelerometer, the attitude of a rover is estimated using a three-axis attitude determination method. The effectiveness of IRAD is verified through numerical simulations and experiments that show IRAD can estimate all the attitude angles (roll, pitch, and yaw) within a few degrees of accuracy, which is adequate for planetary explorations.