一种金属膜片式气体减压阀研制

为满足某推进分系统压力调节流量范围大、控制要求精度高、可靠性高且需满足长时间在轨使用的要求，研制了一种高精度金属膜片式气体减压阀。对该逆向卸荷金属膜片式气体减压阀的方案设计、结构特点、关键技术以及达到的技术指标进行了总结，并给出了飞行试验验证结果，经飞行试验验证，减压阀飞行工作状态良好，满足使用要求。     

Analytical and semi-analytical investigations of geosynchronous space debris with high area-to-mass ratios

This paper provides a Hamiltonian formulation of the averaged equations of motion with respect to short periods (1 day) of a space debris subjected to direct solar radiation pressure and orbiting near the geostationary ring. This theory is based on a semi-analytical theory of order 1 regarding the averaging process, formulated using canonical and non-singular elements for eccentricity and inclination. The analysis is based on an expansion in powers of the eccentricity and of the inclination, truncated at an arbitrary high order.     

Quality characteristics of the radish grown under reduced atmospheric pressure

This study addresses whether reduced atmospheric pressure (hypobaria) affects the quality traits of radish grown under such environments. Radish (Raphanus sativus L. cv. Cherry Bomb Hybrid II) plants were grown hydroponically in specially designed hypobaric plant growth chambers at three atmospheric pressures; 33, 66, and 96 kPa (control). Oxygen and carbon dioxide partial pressures were maintained constant at 21 and 0.12 kPa, respectively. Plants were harvested at 21 days after planting, with aerial shoots and swollen hypocotyls (edible portion of the radish referred to as the “root” hereafter) separated immediately upon removal from the chambers. Samples were subsequently evaluated for their sensory characteristics (color, taste, overall appearance, and texture), taste-determining factors (glucosinolate and soluble carbohydrate content and myrosinase activity), proximate nutrients (protein, dietary fiber, and carbohydrate) and potential health benefit attributes (antioxidant capacity). In roots of control plants, concentrations of glucosinolate, total soluble sugar, and nitrate, as well as myrosinase activity and total antioxidant capacity (measured as ORAC_FL), were 2.9, 20, 5.1, 9.4, and 1.9 times greater than the amount in leaves, respectively. There was no significant difference in total antioxidant capacity, sensory characteristics, carbohydrate composition, or proximate nutrient content among the three pressure treatments. However, glucosinolate content in the root and nitrate concentration in the leaf declined as the atmospheric pressure decreased, suggesting perturbation to some nitrogen-related metabolism.     

爆震管同一截面处压力测量试验

为得到爆震管内同一截面上压力波的分布特性,在60mm×60mm×2000mm方爆震管内,用乙炔(C₂H₂)和空气混合物进行了单爆震研究.在距离封闭端1400,1600mm两个截面的不同位置处分别安装4个高频响压力传感器测得压力值.实验在光滑爆震管和安装扰流器的爆震管内分别进行,结果表明:①同一截面的压力波大小并不一样,安装扰流器的爆震管内得到充分发展的爆震波,且爆震波不是一个平面波;②壁面处压力波的压力大于爆震管道中间压力.      

迎角变化对细长旋成体绕流非定常压力脉动特征的影响

在亚临界流动范围内,通过对尖拱细长旋成体在无侧滑状态下的烟线显示和脉动压力测量试验,揭示了迎角α从0°向90°变化过程中细长体绕流依次经历了四种背涡流动结构:附着流动、对称二涡结构、非对称多涡结构和混合背涡结构.压力的脉动幅度在附着流动和对称二涡结构中沿轴向基本保持不变,在非对称多涡结构中是沿轴向增长的,而在混合背涡结构中却变为沿轴向减少.压力脉动频率值在非对称多涡结构中是沿轴向减少的,而在混合背涡结构中却是沿轴向增长的.     

高升阻比乘波体外形设计及气动特性计算研究

采用数值模拟方法研究在设计点(马赫数6,迎角0°)锥导乘波体气动外形的设计方法及其基本气动特性,以及在非设计点时该乘波体的气动特性,即各个气动系数随迎角和马赫数的变化特性.研究表明:基于无粘锥形流的乘波体气动外形的反设计方法是成功的;在设计点附近选取合适的半基准圆锥激波角并考虑粘性影响时,可得到乘波体最大升阻比为3.36;给出了采用这一布局的单级入轨运载器的可行的飞行控制方案;分析提出了进一步提高该乘波体气动布局升阻比的有效途径.      

推进剂加注后末修贮箱压力变化机理

利用推进剂加注前、后及发动机待机过程中末修贮箱的温度、压力参数,结合国外资料给出的15℃时N2O4推进剂中氮气溶解度曲线,确定了加注过程中的氮气溶解量,给出了氮气分压初值,用迭代方法计算出推进剂贮箱在任一温度下的压力,为判断贮箱泄漏提供了有效手段.     

预混气爆震波在不同直径管间的传播特性

在管径20mm与60mm的两管间研究了预混气爆震波的传播特性,着重测量了爆震波传递过程中的压力与速度变化,并分析了预混气压力、浓度、当量比以及连接段尺寸等参数对爆震波传播的影响与规律。研究发现:小管中没有爆震时大管中仍然可以出现爆震波,小张角的连接段对爆震波的再触发有利,再触发后的爆震波其压力、速度受到预混气压力、浓度及当量比等参数的影响。      

环境压强对电弧喷射推力器性能的影响

为了详细研究环境压强对电弧喷射推力器性能的影响,对低功率氮氢电弧喷射推力器在不同环境压强下的工作性能进行了比较计算。采用二阶精度无波动、无自由参数的耗散差分格式(NND格式)和经典龙格库塔方法求解耦合电磁源项的N-S方程组,采用高斯-塞德尔超松弛迭代方法数值求解电磁场方程。计算结果给出了不同环境压强下推力器的推力、比冲、推进效率和出口平面冲量密度分布。结果分析定量地阐释了环境压强对推力器性能的影响,能为推力器的实验研究及空间应用提供参考。      

圆环片扰流器对爆震燃烧特性的影响

在飞行状态下成功实行液态燃料的连续爆震在工程上有较大的难度。通过在爆震管内安装扰流器促进爆震波的形成,并针对不同扰流器结构参数对管内爆震燃烧压力和火焰传播速度的影响开展了实验研究,获得了爆震燃烧特性随扰流器长度、间距和起始位置的变化规律。结果表明:燃烧波峰值压力和火焰传播速度随扰流器片数、间距的增加和起始位置的变大而增大;当在管内产生爆震波后(爆震波峰值压力大于1.4M Pa,火焰传播速度>1 000 m/s),燃烧波压力和火焰传播速度随上述参数的改变变化不大。