Numerical investigation of aerodynamic flow actuation produced by surface plasma actuator on 2D oscillating airfoil

Numerical simulation of unsteady flow control over an oscillating NACA0012 airfoil is investigated. Flow actuation of a turbulent flow over the airfoil is provided by low current DC surface glow discharge plasma actuator which is analytically modeled as an ion pressure force produced in the cathode sheath region. The modeled plasma actuator has an induced pressure force of about 2 k Pa under a typical experiment condition and is placed on the airfoil surface at 0% chord length and/or at 10% chord length. The plasma actuator at deep-stall angles(from 5° to 25°) is able to slightly delay a dynamic stall and to weaken a pressure fluctuation in down-stroke motion. As a result, the wake region is reduced. The actuation effect varies with different plasma pulse frequencies, actuator locations and reduced frequencies. A lift coefficient can increase up to 70% by a selective operation of the plasma actuator with various plasma frequencies and locations as the angle of attack changes. Active flow control which is a key advantageous feature of the plasma actuator reveals that a dynamic stall phenomenon can be controlled by the surface plasma actuator with less power consumption if a careful control scheme of the plasma actuator is employed with the optimized plasma pulse frequency and actuator location corresponding to a dynamic change in reduced frequency.     

Supersonic flow over a pitching delta wing using surface pressure measurements and numerical simulations

Experimental and numerical methods were applied to investigating high subsonic and supersonic flows over a 60° swept delta wing in fixed state and pitching oscillation.Static pressure coefficient distributions over the wing leeward surface and the hysteresis loops of pressure coefficient versus angle of attack at the sensor locations were obtained by wind tunnel tests.Similar results were obtained by numerical simulations which agreed well with the experiments.Flow structure around the wing was also demonstrated by the numerical simulation.Effects of Mach number and angle of attack on pressure distribution curves in static tests were investigated.Effects of various oscillation parameters including Mach number, mean angle of attack, pitching amplitude and frequency on hysteresis loops were investigated in dynamic tests and the associated physical mechanisms were discussed.Vortex breakdown phenomenon over the wing was identified at high angles of attack using the pressure coefficient curves and hysteresis loops, and its effects on the flow features were discussed.     

Design and numerical investigation of swirl recovery vanes for the Fokker 29 propeller

Swirl recovery vanes（SRVs） are a set of stationary vanes located downstream from a propeller, which may recover some of the residual swirl from the propeller, hoping for an improvement in both thrust and efficiency. The SRV concept design for a scaled version representing the Fokker 29 propeller is performed in this paper, which may give rise to a promotion in propulsive performance of this traditional propeller. Firstly the numerical strategy is validated from two aspects of global quantities and the local flow field of the propeller compared with experimental data, and then the exit flow together with the development of propeller wake is analyzed in detail.Three kinds of SRV are designed with multiple circular airfoils. The numerical results show that the swirl behind the propeller is recovered significantly with Model V3, which is characterized by the highest solidity along spanwise, for various working conditions, and the combination of rotor and vane produced 5.76% extra thrust at the design point. However, a lower efficiency is observed asking for a better vane design and the choice of a working point. The vane position is studied which shows that there is an optimum range for higher thrust and efficiency.     

NPU-WA系列风力机翼型设计与风洞实验

针对兆瓦级大型风力机,研究发展了以具有更优良高雷诺数和高升力气动性能为特点的NPU-WA翼型族,风洞实验表明,该翼型族达到了在高雷诺数、高升力条件下实现高升阻比和外侧翼型对粗糙度不敏感的主要设计要求,为我国自主研发大型风力机提供了可以实际使用的翼型几何数据和雷诺数范围内1.0×106～5.0×106的风洞实验数据。     

高升力翼型的气动优化设计和实验研究

利用遗传算法进行了低雷诺数高升力翼型的气动优化设计,并利用风洞实验检查了设计的正确性。优化后的翼型其气动特性有明显改善,这说明了利用遗传算法进行低雷诺数翼型气动优化的可行性。风洞实验结果验证了优化设计方法的正确性,同时也表明新设计翼型有较高的升力系数和相对大的升阻比,其升阻比提高了10%。     

基于N-S方程的旋翼翼型优化设计方法

将N—S方程流场分析程序和序列二次规划结合起来，提出了一种工程实用的直升机旋翼翼型设计方法，以提高旋翼翼型在悬停、前飞和机动等多个设计点及在多种约束条件下的气动性能。由N—S方程计算得到的升力、阻力等气动参数构成目标函数，应用数值优化程序对其进行最优化。计算实例表明：本方法设计质量高，所需机时少，易于实施，有较大的工程应用价值。     

翼型等速上仰绕流结构的观测

 翼型在不同转速下等速上仰时,其绕流结构不一样,转速越高,前缘涡开始形成的迎角越大。给定转速时,初始迎角大前缘涡形成得早。终止迎角对流动结构的影响与转速有关。平板翼型上仰时,前缘涡在较小迎角开始形成,涡的尺寸较大。     

快速反设计翼型的涡源交替分布迭代法

本文在高阶板块法任意翼型分析程序的基础上,发展了给定表面压力分布设计翼型的反问题程序。根据表面涡分布对控制弯度有效而源分布对控制厚度分布有效的原理,提出了在反设计过程中交替采用改变涡分布和改变源分布,进行迭代。克服了一般算法单纯采用改变一种分布进行迭代的缺陷。算例结果表明,该法迭代次数少,结果好。     

薄翼型阵风响应的数值模拟

 采用有限体积法来数值求解非定常Euler和N-S方程，并在非定常计算中通过引入“网格速度”来计入阵风的影响，实现了对刚性薄翼型阵风响应的有效数值模拟。采用该方法来对薄翼型迎角突然增大的阵风、陡边型阵风这两种典型阵风情况下的翼型气动力响应进行了计算，结果表明：计算结果与现有的一些理论结果都符合较好，与文献中计算结果也吻合。同时通过计算也表明厚翼型的阵风响应需根据工况开展进一步的计算分析。     

跨音速翼型设计的一种满足正则化条件的反设计方法

从不可压反问题的Lighthill准确解中可知,在反设计问题中翼面压强分布和自由来流速度两者不能同时独立地给定,这意味着对于给定的压强分布存在着一个约束条件(正则化条件)。对于可压缩流动,同样存在着类似的约束条件。本文给出了跨音速翼型设计的一种满足正则化条件的反设计方法。在此方法中,目标压强分布包含一个自由参数,在计算中可调整此参数使压强分布满足本文推出的正则化条件,文中给出的算例结果表明此方法是很有效的。